Int Immunopharmacol . COVID-19 immunotherapy: Treatment based on the immune cell-mediated approaches

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Int Immunopharmacol


. 2022 Feb 25;107:108655.
doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108655. Online ahead of print.
COVID-19 immunotherapy: Treatment based on the immune cell-mediated approaches


Mahdi Zavvar ¹ , Aisan Yahyapoor ² , Hamed Baghdadi ³ , Sina Zargaran ² , Sara Assadiasl ⁴ , Kamal Abdolmohammadi ⁵ , Amir Hossein Abooei ⁶ , Mohammad Reza Sattarian ² , Melina JalaliFarahani ⁶ , Negar Zarei ⁶ , Amirali Farahvash ⁷ , Yousef Fatahi ⁸ , Gunnur Deniz ⁹ , Mitra Zarebavani ⁶ , Mohammad Hossein Nicknam ¹⁰



Affiliations

• PMID: 35248946
• DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108655

Abstract

Multiple efforts are currently underway to control and treat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide. Despite all efforts, the virus that emerged in Wuhan city has rapidly spread globally and led to a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) due to the lack of approved antiviral therapy. Nevertheless, SARS-CoV-2 has had a significant influence on the evolution of cellular therapeutic approaches. Adoptive immune cell therapy is innovative and offers either promising prophylactic or therapy for patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19. This approach is aimed at developing safety and providing secure and effective therapy in combination with standard therapy for all COVID-19 infected individuals. Based on the effective results of previous studies on both inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, various immune cell therapies against COVID-19 have been reviewed and discussed. It must be considered that the application of cell therapy for treatment and to eliminate infected respiratory cells could result in excessive inflammation, so this treatment must be used in combination with other treatments, despite its many beneficial efforts.

Keywords: CAR-T cell therapy; COVID-19; DC therapy; Immune cell therapy; MSC therapy; NK therapy; SARS-CoV-2; Treg therapy; Viral specific T cell therapy.