Int Immunopharmacol. 2019 Dec 10;78:106032. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106032. [Epub ahead of print] Methionine enkephalin inhibits influenza A virus infection through upregulating antiviral state in RAW264.7 cells.
Tian J1, Qu N2, Jiao X3, Wang X4, Geng J5, Griffin N6, Shan F7.
Author information
1 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China. 2 Department of Gynecology, Cancer Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110042, China. 3 Department of Translational Medicine, No.4 Teaching Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China. 4 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China. 5 Department of Ophthalmology, No.1 Teaching Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China. 6 Immune Therapeutics, Inc., 37 North Orange Avenue, Suite 607, Orlando, FL 32801, USA. 7 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China. Electronic address: fpshan@cmu.edu.cn.
Abstract
MENK, as an immune adjuvant, has potential immune-regulatory activity on innate and adaptive immune cells. The aim of this work was to investigate the antiviral effect of MENK on influenza virus-infected murine macrophage cells (RAW264.7) and its underlying mechanisms. The results showed that MENK markedly inhibited influenza A virus (H1N1) replication in pre- and post-MENK treatment, especially in pre-MENK treatment. The mechanisms exploration revealed that MENK (10 mg/mL) significantly inhibited the nucleoprotein (NP) of influenza virus and up-regulated levels of IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-β compared with those in H1N1 control group. Further experiments confirmed that antiviral effects of MENK was associated with promotion of opioid receptor (MOR) as well as activation of NF-κB p65 inducing cellular antiviral status. The data suggest that MENK should be potential candidate for prophylactic or therapeutic treatment against H1N1 influenza virus.
Copyright ? 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS:
Antiviral effect; Influenza A virus; Methionine enkephalin; Opioid receptor; RAW264.7 cell; Toll-like receptors
PMID: 31835089 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106032