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Infect Dis Ther
. 2024 Jul 21.
doi: 10.1007/s40121-024-01021-1. Online ahead of print. RSV Risk Profile in Hospitalized Adults and Comparison with Influenza and COVID-19 Controls in Valladolid, Spain, 2010-2022
Mariana Haeberer 1 2 , Martin Mengel 3 , Rong Fan 4 , Marina Toquero-Asensio 5 6 , Alejandro Martin-Toribio 5 , Qing Liu 4 , Yongzheng He 4 , Sonal Uppal 4 , Silvia Rojo-Rello 5 7 , Marta Domínguez-Gil 5 7 , Cristina Hernán-García 5 7 , Virginia Fernández-Espinilla 5 7 , Caihua Liang 4 , Elizabeth Begier 4 , Javier Castrodeza Sanz 5 7 , José M Eiros 5 7 , Ivan Sanz-Muñoz 6
Affiliations
Introduction: We aimed to describe the risk profile of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections among adults ≥ 60 years in Valladolid from January 2010 to August 2022, and to compare them with influenza and COVID-19 controls.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of all laboratory-confirmed RSV infections identified in centralized microbiology database during a 12-year period. We analyzed risk factors for RSV hospitalization and severity (length of stay, intensive care unit admission, in-hospital death or readmission < 30 days) and compared severity between RSV patients vs. influenza and COVID-19 controls using multivariable logistic regression models.
Results: We included 706 RSV patients (635 inpatients and 71 outpatients), and 598 influenza and 60 COVID-19 hospitalized controls with comparable sociodemographic profile. Among RSV patients, 96 (15%) had a subtype identified: 56% A, 42% B, and 2% A + B. Eighty-one percent of RSV patients had cardiovascular conditions, 65% endocrine/metabolic, 46% chronic lung, and 43% immunocompromising conditions. Thirty-six percent were coinfected (vs. 21% influenza and 20% COVID-19; p = < .0001 and 0.01). Ninety-two percent had signs of lower respiratory infection (vs. 85% influenza and 72% COVID-19, p = < .0001) and 27% cardiovascular signs (vs. 20% influenza and 8% COVID-19, p = 0.0031 and 0.0009). Laboratory parameters of anemia, inflammation, and hypoxemia were highest in RSV. Among RSV, being a previous smoker (adjusted OR 2.81 [95% CI 1.01, 7.82]), coinfection (4.34 [2.02, 9.34]), and having cardiovascular (3.79 [2.17, 6.62]), neurologic (2.20 [1.09, 4.46]), or chronic lung (1.93 [1.11, 3.38]) diseases were risks for hospitalization. Being resident in care institutions (1.68 [1.09, 2.61]) or having a coinfection (1.91[1.36, 2.69]) were risks for higher severity, while RSV subtype was not associated with severity. Whereas RSV and influenza patients did not show differences in severity, RSV patients had 68% (38-84%) lower odds of experiencing any severe outcome compared to COVID-19.
Conclusions: RSV especially affects those with comorbidities, coinfections, and living in care institutions. RSV vaccination could have an important public health impact in this population.
Keywords: Adult patients; Hospitalization; Influenza; Respiratory syncytial virus; SARS-CoV-2.
. 2024 Jul 21.
doi: 10.1007/s40121-024-01021-1. Online ahead of print. RSV Risk Profile in Hospitalized Adults and Comparison with Influenza and COVID-19 Controls in Valladolid, Spain, 2010-2022
Mariana Haeberer 1 2 , Martin Mengel 3 , Rong Fan 4 , Marina Toquero-Asensio 5 6 , Alejandro Martin-Toribio 5 , Qing Liu 4 , Yongzheng He 4 , Sonal Uppal 4 , Silvia Rojo-Rello 5 7 , Marta Domínguez-Gil 5 7 , Cristina Hernán-García 5 7 , Virginia Fernández-Espinilla 5 7 , Caihua Liang 4 , Elizabeth Begier 4 , Javier Castrodeza Sanz 5 7 , José M Eiros 5 7 , Ivan Sanz-Muñoz 6
Affiliations
- PMID: 39033476
- DOI: 10.1007/s40121-024-01021-1
Introduction: We aimed to describe the risk profile of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections among adults ≥ 60 years in Valladolid from January 2010 to August 2022, and to compare them with influenza and COVID-19 controls.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of all laboratory-confirmed RSV infections identified in centralized microbiology database during a 12-year period. We analyzed risk factors for RSV hospitalization and severity (length of stay, intensive care unit admission, in-hospital death or readmission < 30 days) and compared severity between RSV patients vs. influenza and COVID-19 controls using multivariable logistic regression models.
Results: We included 706 RSV patients (635 inpatients and 71 outpatients), and 598 influenza and 60 COVID-19 hospitalized controls with comparable sociodemographic profile. Among RSV patients, 96 (15%) had a subtype identified: 56% A, 42% B, and 2% A + B. Eighty-one percent of RSV patients had cardiovascular conditions, 65% endocrine/metabolic, 46% chronic lung, and 43% immunocompromising conditions. Thirty-six percent were coinfected (vs. 21% influenza and 20% COVID-19; p = < .0001 and 0.01). Ninety-two percent had signs of lower respiratory infection (vs. 85% influenza and 72% COVID-19, p = < .0001) and 27% cardiovascular signs (vs. 20% influenza and 8% COVID-19, p = 0.0031 and 0.0009). Laboratory parameters of anemia, inflammation, and hypoxemia were highest in RSV. Among RSV, being a previous smoker (adjusted OR 2.81 [95% CI 1.01, 7.82]), coinfection (4.34 [2.02, 9.34]), and having cardiovascular (3.79 [2.17, 6.62]), neurologic (2.20 [1.09, 4.46]), or chronic lung (1.93 [1.11, 3.38]) diseases were risks for hospitalization. Being resident in care institutions (1.68 [1.09, 2.61]) or having a coinfection (1.91[1.36, 2.69]) were risks for higher severity, while RSV subtype was not associated with severity. Whereas RSV and influenza patients did not show differences in severity, RSV patients had 68% (38-84%) lower odds of experiencing any severe outcome compared to COVID-19.
Conclusions: RSV especially affects those with comorbidities, coinfections, and living in care institutions. RSV vaccination could have an important public health impact in this population.
Keywords: Adult patients; Hospitalization; Influenza; Respiratory syncytial virus; SARS-CoV-2.