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Avian Pathol. 2019 Aug 15:1-23. doi: 10.1080/03079457.2019.1656328. [Epub ahead of print]
Co-infections of chickens with Avian Influenza Virus H9N2 and Moroccan Italy 02 Infectious Bronchitis Virus: effect on pathogenesis and protection conferred by different vaccination programs.
Belkasmi SFZ1,2, Fellahi S1, Touzani CD1, Faraji FZ1, Maaroufi I1, Delverdier M2, Gu?rin JL2, Fihri OF1, El Houadfi M1, Ducatez MF2.
Author information
1 a Unit? de Pathologie Aviaire, D?partement de Pathologie et Sant? Publique V?t?rinaire , IAV Hassan II, Rabat , Morocco. 2 b Universit? de Toulouse, ENVT, INRA, UMR IHAP , Toulouse , France .
Abstract
Since the emergence of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H9N2 viruses in Morocco in 2016, severe respiratory problems have been encountered in the field. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is often detected together with H9N2, suggesting disease exacerbation in cases of co-infections. This hypothesis was therefore tested and confirmed in laboratory conditions using specific pathogen free chickens. Most common field vaccine programs were then tested to compare their efficacies against these two co-infecting agents. IBV γCoV/chicken/Morocco/I38/2014 (Mor-IT02) and LPAI virus A/chicken/Morocco/SF1/2016 (Mor-H9N2) were thus inoculated to commercial chickens. We showed that vaccination with two heterologous IBV vaccines (H120 at day one and 4/91 at day 14 of age) reduced the severity of clinical signs as well as macroscopic lesions after experimental simultaneous challenge. In addition, LPAI H9N2 vaccination was more efficient at day 7 rather than at day 1 in limiting disease post simultaneous challenge.
KEYWORDS:
Avian Influenza Virus H9N2; Infectious Bronchitis Virus; Morocco; commercial broilers; specific pathogen free chickens; vaccination
PMID: 31412705 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2019.1656328
Co-infections of chickens with Avian Influenza Virus H9N2 and Moroccan Italy 02 Infectious Bronchitis Virus: effect on pathogenesis and protection conferred by different vaccination programs.
Belkasmi SFZ1,2, Fellahi S1, Touzani CD1, Faraji FZ1, Maaroufi I1, Delverdier M2, Gu?rin JL2, Fihri OF1, El Houadfi M1, Ducatez MF2.
Author information
1 a Unit? de Pathologie Aviaire, D?partement de Pathologie et Sant? Publique V?t?rinaire , IAV Hassan II, Rabat , Morocco. 2 b Universit? de Toulouse, ENVT, INRA, UMR IHAP , Toulouse , France .
Abstract
Since the emergence of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H9N2 viruses in Morocco in 2016, severe respiratory problems have been encountered in the field. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is often detected together with H9N2, suggesting disease exacerbation in cases of co-infections. This hypothesis was therefore tested and confirmed in laboratory conditions using specific pathogen free chickens. Most common field vaccine programs were then tested to compare their efficacies against these two co-infecting agents. IBV γCoV/chicken/Morocco/I38/2014 (Mor-IT02) and LPAI virus A/chicken/Morocco/SF1/2016 (Mor-H9N2) were thus inoculated to commercial chickens. We showed that vaccination with two heterologous IBV vaccines (H120 at day one and 4/91 at day 14 of age) reduced the severity of clinical signs as well as macroscopic lesions after experimental simultaneous challenge. In addition, LPAI H9N2 vaccination was more efficient at day 7 rather than at day 1 in limiting disease post simultaneous challenge.
KEYWORDS:
Avian Influenza Virus H9N2; Infectious Bronchitis Virus; Morocco; commercial broilers; specific pathogen free chickens; vaccination
PMID: 31412705 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2019.1656328