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Pig Lung Immune Cytokine Response to the Swine Influenza Virus and the Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae Infection

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  • Pig Lung Immune Cytokine Response to the Swine Influenza Virus and the Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae Infection

    J Vet Res. 2017 Sep 19;61(3):259-265. doi: 10.1515/jvetres-2017-0036. eCollection 2017 Sep.
    Pig Lung Immune Cytokine Response to the Swine Influenza Virus and the Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae Infection.

    Czyżewska-Dors E1, Dors A1, Kwit K1, Stasiak E1, Pomorska-M?l M1.
    Author information

    Abstract

    Introduction:

    The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the local innate immune response to the swine influenza virus (SIV) and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App) infection in pigs.
    Material and Methods:

    The study was performed on 37 seven-week-old pigs, divided into four groups: App-infected (n=11), App+SIV-infected (n=11), SIV-infected (n=11), and control (n=4). Lung samples were collected, following euthanasia, on the 2nd and 4th dpi (three piglets per inoculated group) and on the 10th dpi (remaining inoculated and control pigs). Lung concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-10, IFN-α, and IFN-γ were analysed with the use of commercial porcine cytokine ELISA kits.
    Results:

    Lung concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-α, and IFN-γ were induced in SIV-infected and App+SIV-infected pigs. In the lung tissue of App-infected pigs, only concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IFN-γ were elevated. Additionally, in App+SIV-infected pigs, significantly greater concentrations of IL-1β, IL-8, and IFN-α were found when compared with pigs infected with either SIV or App alone. In each tested group, the lung concentration of IL-10 remained unchanged during the entire study.
    Conclusion:

    The results of the study indicate that the experimental infection of pigs with SIV or App alone and co-infection with both pathogens induced a local lung inflammatory response. However, the local cytokine response was considerably higher in co-infected pigs compared to single-infected pigs.


    KEYWORDS:

    Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; cytokines; local immunity; pigs; swine influenza virus

    PMID: 29978082 PMCID: PMC5894434 DOI: 10.1515/jvetres-2017-0036
    Free PMC Article
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