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Avian Pathol. 2018 Mar 8:1-39. doi: 10.1080/03079457.2018.1449942. [Epub ahead of print]
Co-infection of turkeys with E. coli (O78) and H6N1 avian influenza virus.
Umar S1, Delverdier M1, Delpont M1, Belkasmi SFZ1,2, Teillaud A1, Bleuart C3, Pardo I3, El Houadfi M2, Gu?rin JL1, Ducatez MF1.
Author information
Abstract
Respiratory diseases are responsible for major economic losses in poultry farms. While in most cases a single pathogen is not alone responsible for the clinical outcome, the impact of co-infections is not well known, especially in turkeys. The purpose of this study was to assess the possible synergism between E.coli (O78) and low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV, H6N1), in the turkey model. Four-week-old commercial turkeys were inoculated with either H6N1, O78 or both agents simultaneously or 3 days apart. We have established an experimental infection model of turkeys using aerosolization that better mimics field infections. Birds were observed clinically and swabbed on a daily basis. Necropsies were performed at 4 and 14 days post single or dual inoculation and followed by histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Combined LPAIV/E.coli infections resulted in more severe clinical signs, were associated with higher mortality and respiratory organ lesions (mucous or fibrinous exudative material in lungs and airsacs), in comparison with the groups given single infections (p<0.05). The time interval or the sequence between H6N1 and E. coli inoculation (none or 3 days) did not have a significant effect on the outcome of the dual infection and disease although slightly higher (p>0.05) respiratory signs were observed in turkeys of the E.coli followed by H6N1 inoculated group. Microscopic lesions and immunohistochemical staining supported clinical and macroscopic findings. Efficient virus and bacteria replication was observed in all inoculated groups. E. coli and H6N1 thus exercise an additive or synergistic pathogenic effect in the reproduction of respiratory disease.
KEYWORDS:
E. coli; LPAIV; aerosol; co-infection; turkeys
PMID: 29517282 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2018.1449942
Co-infection of turkeys with E. coli (O78) and H6N1 avian influenza virus.
Umar S1, Delverdier M1, Delpont M1, Belkasmi SFZ1,2, Teillaud A1, Bleuart C3, Pardo I3, El Houadfi M2, Gu?rin JL1, Ducatez MF1.
Author information
Abstract
Respiratory diseases are responsible for major economic losses in poultry farms. While in most cases a single pathogen is not alone responsible for the clinical outcome, the impact of co-infections is not well known, especially in turkeys. The purpose of this study was to assess the possible synergism between E.coli (O78) and low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV, H6N1), in the turkey model. Four-week-old commercial turkeys were inoculated with either H6N1, O78 or both agents simultaneously or 3 days apart. We have established an experimental infection model of turkeys using aerosolization that better mimics field infections. Birds were observed clinically and swabbed on a daily basis. Necropsies were performed at 4 and 14 days post single or dual inoculation and followed by histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Combined LPAIV/E.coli infections resulted in more severe clinical signs, were associated with higher mortality and respiratory organ lesions (mucous or fibrinous exudative material in lungs and airsacs), in comparison with the groups given single infections (p<0.05). The time interval or the sequence between H6N1 and E. coli inoculation (none or 3 days) did not have a significant effect on the outcome of the dual infection and disease although slightly higher (p>0.05) respiratory signs were observed in turkeys of the E.coli followed by H6N1 inoculated group. Microscopic lesions and immunohistochemical staining supported clinical and macroscopic findings. Efficient virus and bacteria replication was observed in all inoculated groups. E. coli and H6N1 thus exercise an additive or synergistic pathogenic effect in the reproduction of respiratory disease.
KEYWORDS:
E. coli; LPAIV; aerosol; co-infection; turkeys
PMID: 29517282 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2018.1449942