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First outbreaks and phylogenetic analyses of avian influenza H9N2 viruses isolated from poultry flocks in Morocco

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  • First outbreaks and phylogenetic analyses of avian influenza H9N2 viruses isolated from poultry flocks in Morocco

    Virol J. 2016 Aug 15;13(1):140. doi: 10.1186/s12985-016-0596-1.
    First outbreaks and phylogenetic analyses of avian influenza H9N2 viruses isolated from poultry flocks in Morocco.

    El Houadfi M1,2, Fellahi S3, Nassik S3, Gu?rin JL4, Ducatez MF4.
    Author information

    Abstract

    BACKGROUND:

    H9N2 avian influenza viruses continue to spread in poultry and wild birds worldwide. Morocco just faced its first H9N2 influenza virus outbreaks early 2016 affecting different types of poultry production. After its introduction, the virus spread very rapidly throughout the country.
    METHODS:

    Samples were collected from 11 chicken flocks with high morbidity and mortality rates. Four viruses were successfully isolated from broiler chickens and one from broiler breeders and fully sequenced.
    RESULTS:

    Phylogenetic and molecular markers analyses showed the Moroccan viruses belonged to the G1 lineage and likely originated from the Middle East. As known for H9N2 viruses, the Moroccanisolates possess several genetic markers that enhance virulence in poultry and transmission to humans.
    CONCLUSION:

    The present study demonstrated that under field conditions H9N2 could have a devastating effect on egg production and mortalities and highlighted a lack of surveillance data on the pathogen in the region.


    KEYWORDS:

    H9N2; Influenza Virus; Morocco; Phylogenetic analyses

    PMID: 27527708 PMCID: PMC4986173 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0596-1
    [PubMed - in process] Free PMC Article
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