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Int J Med Microbiol. 2016 Apr 6. pii: S1438-4221(16)30031-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2016.04.001. [Epub ahead of print]
Mycoplasma gallisepticum modifies the pathogenesis of influenza A virus in the avian tracheal epithelium.
Sid H1, Hartmann S1, Petersen H1, Ryll M1, Rautenschlein S2.
Author information
Abstract
Multiple respiratory infections have a significant impact on health and economy. Pathogenesis of co-infecting viruses and bacteria and their interaction with mucosal surfaces are poorly characterized. In this study we established a co-infection model based on pre-incubation of tracheal organ cultures (TOC) with Mycoplasma (M.) gallisepticum and a subsequent infection with avian influenza virus (AIV). Mycoplasma gallisepticum modified the pathogenesis of AIV as demonstrated in TOC of two different avian species (chickens and turkeys). Co-infection promoted bacterial growth in tracheal epithelium. Depending on the interaction time of M. gallisepticum with the host cells, AIV replication was either promoted or suppressed. M. gallisepticum inhibited the antiviral gene expression and affected AIV attachment to the host cell by desialylation of α-2,3 linked sialic acids. Ultrastructural analysis of co-infected TOC suggests that both pathogens may attach to and possibly infect the same epithelial cell. The obtained results contribute to better understanding of the interaction dynamics between M. gallisepticum and AIV. They highlight the importance of the time interval between infections as well as the biological properties of the involved pathogens as influencing factors in the outcome of respiratory infections.
Copyright ? 2016. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
KEYWORDS:
In vitro model; Influenza A virus; Mucosal surface; Mycoplasma gallisepticum
PMID: 27079856 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Mycoplasma gallisepticum modifies the pathogenesis of influenza A virus in the avian tracheal epithelium.
Sid H1, Hartmann S1, Petersen H1, Ryll M1, Rautenschlein S2.
Author information
Abstract
Multiple respiratory infections have a significant impact on health and economy. Pathogenesis of co-infecting viruses and bacteria and their interaction with mucosal surfaces are poorly characterized. In this study we established a co-infection model based on pre-incubation of tracheal organ cultures (TOC) with Mycoplasma (M.) gallisepticum and a subsequent infection with avian influenza virus (AIV). Mycoplasma gallisepticum modified the pathogenesis of AIV as demonstrated in TOC of two different avian species (chickens and turkeys). Co-infection promoted bacterial growth in tracheal epithelium. Depending on the interaction time of M. gallisepticum with the host cells, AIV replication was either promoted or suppressed. M. gallisepticum inhibited the antiviral gene expression and affected AIV attachment to the host cell by desialylation of α-2,3 linked sialic acids. Ultrastructural analysis of co-infected TOC suggests that both pathogens may attach to and possibly infect the same epithelial cell. The obtained results contribute to better understanding of the interaction dynamics between M. gallisepticum and AIV. They highlight the importance of the time interval between infections as well as the biological properties of the involved pathogens as influencing factors in the outcome of respiratory infections.
Copyright ? 2016. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
KEYWORDS:
In vitro model; Influenza A virus; Mucosal surface; Mycoplasma gallisepticum
PMID: 27079856 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]