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J Virol. 2015 Sep 16. pii: JVI.01630-15. [Epub ahead of print]
Replication and transmission of novel bovine influenza D virus in guinea pig model.
Sreenivasan C1, Thomas M1, Sheng Z2, Hause BM3, Collin EA3, Knudsen DE4, Pillatzki A4, Nelson E4, Wang D5, Kaushik RS1, Li F6.
Author information
Abstract
Influenza D virus (FLUDV) is a novel influenza virus that infects cattle and swine. The goal of this study was to investigate the replication and transmission of bovine FLUDV in guinea pigs. Following direct intranasal inoculation of animals, the virus was detected in nasal washes of infected animals during the first 7 days post infection. High viral titer was obtained from nasal turbinates and lung tissues of animals directly inoculated. Further, bovine FLUDV was able to transmit from the infected guinea pigs to the sentinel animals by means of contact and not by aerosol under experimental conditions tested in this study. Despite exhibiting no clinical signs, infected guinea pigs developed seroconversion and the viral antigen was detected in lungs of animals by immunohistochemistry. The observation that bovine FLUDV replicated in the respiratory tract of guinea pigs was similar to those described previously in experimentally infected gnotobiotic calves and pigs with bovine FLUDV but different from experimental infection in ferrets and swine with a swine FLUDV, which supported virus replication only in upper respiratory tract, not in lower respiratory tract including lung. Our study established that guinea pigs could be used as an animal model for studying this newly emerging influenza virus.
IMPORTANCE:
Influenza D virus (FLUDV) is a novel emerging pathogen with bovine as its primary host. The epidemiology and pathogenicity of the virus is yet to be known. FLUDV also spreads to swine and presence of FLUDV-specific antibodies in humans could indicate that there is a potential for zoonosis. Our results showed that bovine FLUDV replicated in the nasal turbinate and lungs of guinea pigs at high titers and also was able to transmit from infected animal to sentinel animals by contact. The fact that bovine FLUDV replicated productively in both the upper and lower respiratory tract of guinea pigs, similar to virus infection in its native host, demonstrates that guinea pigs would be a suitable model host to study the replication and transmission potential of bovine FLUDV.
Copyright ? 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
PMID: 26378161 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Replication and transmission of novel bovine influenza D virus in guinea pig model.
Sreenivasan C1, Thomas M1, Sheng Z2, Hause BM3, Collin EA3, Knudsen DE4, Pillatzki A4, Nelson E4, Wang D5, Kaushik RS1, Li F6.
Author information
Abstract
Influenza D virus (FLUDV) is a novel influenza virus that infects cattle and swine. The goal of this study was to investigate the replication and transmission of bovine FLUDV in guinea pigs. Following direct intranasal inoculation of animals, the virus was detected in nasal washes of infected animals during the first 7 days post infection. High viral titer was obtained from nasal turbinates and lung tissues of animals directly inoculated. Further, bovine FLUDV was able to transmit from the infected guinea pigs to the sentinel animals by means of contact and not by aerosol under experimental conditions tested in this study. Despite exhibiting no clinical signs, infected guinea pigs developed seroconversion and the viral antigen was detected in lungs of animals by immunohistochemistry. The observation that bovine FLUDV replicated in the respiratory tract of guinea pigs was similar to those described previously in experimentally infected gnotobiotic calves and pigs with bovine FLUDV but different from experimental infection in ferrets and swine with a swine FLUDV, which supported virus replication only in upper respiratory tract, not in lower respiratory tract including lung. Our study established that guinea pigs could be used as an animal model for studying this newly emerging influenza virus.
IMPORTANCE:
Influenza D virus (FLUDV) is a novel emerging pathogen with bovine as its primary host. The epidemiology and pathogenicity of the virus is yet to be known. FLUDV also spreads to swine and presence of FLUDV-specific antibodies in humans could indicate that there is a potential for zoonosis. Our results showed that bovine FLUDV replicated in the nasal turbinate and lungs of guinea pigs at high titers and also was able to transmit from infected animal to sentinel animals by contact. The fact that bovine FLUDV replicated productively in both the upper and lower respiratory tract of guinea pigs, similar to virus infection in its native host, demonstrates that guinea pigs would be a suitable model host to study the replication and transmission potential of bovine FLUDV.
Copyright ? 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
PMID: 26378161 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]