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Cardiol J
. 2021 May 4.
doi: 10.5603/CJ.a2021.0043. Online ahead of print.
Characteristics and outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrest in COVID-19. A systematic review and meta-analysis
Lukasz Szarpak 1 2 , Magdalena Borkowska 2 , Frank W Peacock 3 , Zubaid Rafique 3 , Aleksandra Gasecka 4 5 , Jacek Smereka 6 7 , Katarzyna Pytkowska 1 , Marta Jachowicz 8 , Lukasz Iskrzycki 9 10 , Natasza Gilis-Malinowska 11 , Milosz J Jaguszewski 11
Affiliations
- PMID: 33942278
- DOI: 10.5603/CJ.a2021.0043
Abstract
Background: The purpose herein, was to perform a systematic review of interventional outcome studies in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic period.
Methods: A meta-analysis was performed of publications meeting the following PICOS criteria: (1) participants, patients > 18 years of age with cardiac arrest due to any causes; (2) intervention, cardiac arrest in COVID-19 period; (3) comparison, cardiac arrest in pre-COVID-19 period; (4) outcomes, detailed information for survival; (5) study design, randomized controlled trials, quasi-randomized or observational studies comparing cardiac arrest in COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 period for their effects in patients with cardiac arrest.
Results: SHD for the pre-pandemic and pandemic period was reported in 3 studies (n =1432 patients) and was similar in the pre-pandemic vs. the pandemic period, 35.6% vs. 32.1%, respectively (odds ratio [OR] 1.72; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.81-3.65; p = 0.16; I? = 72%). Return of spontaneous circulation was reported by all 4 studies and were also similar in the pre and during COVID-19 periods, 51.9% vs. 48.7% (OR 1.27; 95% CI 0.78-2.07; p = 0.33; I? = 71%), respectively. Pooled analysis of cardiac arrest recurrence was also similar, 24.9% and 17.9% (OR 1.60; 95% CI 0.99-2.57; p = 0.06; I? = 32%) in the pre and during COVID-19 cohorts. Survival with Cerebral Performance Category 1 or 2 was higher in pre vs. during pandemic groups (27.3 vs. 9.1%; OR 3.75; 95% CI 1.26-11.20; p = 0.02). Finally, overall mortality was similar in the pre vs. pandemic groups, 65.9% and 67.2%, respectively (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.33-1.34; p = 0.25; I? = 76%).
Conclusions: Compared to the pre-pandemic period, in hospital cardiac arrest in COVID-19 patients was numerically higher but had statistically similar outcomes.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; coronavirus disease 2019; in-hospital cardiac arrest; outcome; pandemic.