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Crit Care Explor . Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus 2 Infection and Organ Dysfunction in the ICU: Opportunities for Translational Research

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  • Crit Care Explor . Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus 2 Infection and Organ Dysfunction in the ICU: Opportunities for Translational Research


    Crit Care Explor


    . 2021 Mar 12;3(3):e0374.
    doi: 10.1097/CCE.0000000000000374. eCollection 2021 Mar.
    Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus 2 Infection and Organ Dysfunction in the ICU: Opportunities for Translational Research


    Philip A Verhoef 1 2 , Sujatha Kannan 3 , Jamie L Sturgill 4 , Elizabeth W Tucker 3 , Peter E Morris 4 , Andrew C Miller 5 , Travis R Sexton 6 , Jay L Koyner 7 , Rana Hejal 8 , Scott C Brakenridge 9 , Lyle L Moldawer 9 , Richard S Hotchkiss 10 11 12 , Teresa M Blood 11 , Monty B Mazer 11 , Scott Bolesta 13 , Sheila A Alexander 14 , Donna Lee Armaignac 15 , Steven L Shein 16 , Christopher Jones 10 , Caroline D Hoemann 17 , Allan Doctor 18 , Stuart H Friess 19 , Robert I Parker 20 , Alexandre T Rotta 21 , Kenneth E Remy 10 11 19



    Affiliations

    Abstract

    Objectives: Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, hundreds of thousands of patients have been treated in ICUs across the globe. The severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 2 virus enters cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor and activates several distinct inflammatory pathways, resulting in hematologic abnormalities and dysfunction in respiratory, cardiac, gastrointestinal renal, endocrine, dermatologic, and neurologic systems. This review summarizes the current state of research in coronavirus disease 2019 pathophysiology within the context of potential organ-based disease mechanisms and opportunities for translational research.
    Data sources: Investigators from the Research Section of the Society of Critical Care Medicine were selected based on expertise in specific organ systems and research focus. Data were obtained from searches conducted in Medline via the PubMed portal, Directory of Open Access Journals, Excerpta Medica database, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, and Web of Science from an initial search from December 2019 to October 15, 2020, with a revised search to February 3, 2021. The medRxiv, Research Square, and clinical trial registries preprint servers also were searched to limit publication bias.
    Study selection: Content experts selected studies that included mechanism-based relevance to the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 2 virus or coronavirus disease 2019 disease.
    Data extraction: Not applicable.
    Data synthesis: Not applicable.
    Conclusions: Efforts to improve the care of critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 patients should be centered on understanding how severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 2 infection affects organ function. This review articulates specific targets for further research.

    Keywords: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor; coronavirus disease 2019; critical illness; pandemic; severe acute respiratory syndrome?associated coronavirus 2.

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