Rev Neurosci . COVID-19 associated central nervous system manifestations, mental and neurological symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Rev Neurosci


. 2021 Jan 12.
doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2020-0108. Online ahead of print.
COVID-19 associated central nervous system manifestations, mental and neurological symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis


Saber Soltani ^{1 2} , Alireza Tabibzadeh ³ , Armin Zakeri ⁴ , Amir Mohammad Zakeri ⁵ , Tayebeh Latifi ¹ , Mahdi Shabani ¹ , Amir Pouremamali ⁶ , Yousef Erfani ⁷ , Iraj Pakzad ⁸ , Pooneh Malekifar ⁹ , Reza Valizadeh ¹⁰ , Milad Zandi ^{1 11} , Reza Pakzad ^{12 13}



Affiliations

• PMID: 33618441
• DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2020-0108

Abstract

The ongoing pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected more than 27 million confirmed cases and 8,90,000 deaths all around the world. Verity of viral infections can infect the nervous system; these viral infections can present a wide range of manifestation. The aim of the current study was to systematically review the COVID-19 associated central nervous system manifestations, mental and neurological symptoms. For that we conducted a comprehensive systematic literature review of four online databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Embase. All relevant articles that reported psychiatric/psychological symptoms or disorders in COVID-19 without considering time and language restrictions were assessed. All the study procedures were performed based on the PRISMA criteria. Due to the screening, 14 studies were included. The current study result indicated that, the pooled prevalence of CNS or mental associated disorders with 95% CI was 50.68% (6.68-93.88). The most prevalence symptoms were hyposmia/anosmia/olfactory dysfunction (number of study: 10) with 36.20% (14.99-60.51). Only one study reported numbness/paresthesia and dysphonia. Pooled prevalence of numbness/paresthesia and dysphonia was 5.83% (2.17-12.25) and 2.39% (10.75-14.22). The pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety was 3.52% (2.62-4.54) and 13.92% (9.44-19.08). Our findings demonstrate that COVID-19 has a certain relation with neurological symptoms. The hypsomia, anosmia or olfactory dysfunction was most frequent symptom. Other symptoms were headache or dizziness, dysgeusia or ageusia, dysphonia and fatigue. Depression, anxiety, and confusion were less frequent symptoms.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; central nervous system; neurological symptoms; psychiatric symptoms.