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Diabetes Metab Syndr
. 2020 Aug 20;14(6):1595-1602.
doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.08.014. Online ahead of print.
Burden of diabetes mellitus and its impact on COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis of real-world evidence
Salman Hussain 1 , Harveen Baxi 2 , Mohammad Chand Jamali 3 , Nazima Nisar 4 , Md Sarfaraj Hussain 5
Affiliations
- PMID: 32862098
- DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.08.014
Abstract
Background & aims: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads rapidly and within no time, it has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Evidence suggests diabetes to be a risk factor for the progression and poor prognosis of COVID-19. Therefore, we aimed to understand the pooled prevalence of diabetes in patients infected with COVID-19. We also aimed to compute the risk of mortality and ICU admissions in COVID-19 patients with and without diabetes.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed to identify the articles reporting the diabetes prevalence and risk of mortality or ICU admission in COVID-19 patients. The primary outcome was to compute the pooled prevalence of diabetes in COVID-19 patients. Secondary outcomes included risk of mortality and ICU admissions in COVID-19 patients with diabetes compared to patients without diabetes.
Results: This meta-analysis was based on a total of 23007 patients from 43 studies. The pooled prevalence of diabetes in patients infected with COVID-19 was found to be 15% (95% CI: 12%-18%), p = <0.0001. Mortality risk was found to be significantly higher in COVID-19 patients with diabetes as compared to COVID-19 patients without diabetes with a pooled risk ratio of 1.61 (95% CI: 1.16-2.25%), p = 0.005. Likewise, risk of ICU admission rate was significantly higher in COVID-19 patients with diabetes as compared to COVID-19 patients without diabetes with a pooled risk ratio of 1.88 (1.20%-2.93%), p = 0.006.
Conclusion: This meta-analysis found a high prevalence of diabetes and higher mortality and ICU admission risk in COVID-19 patients with diabetes.
Keywords: COVID-19; Diabetes; ICU admission; Meta-analysis; Mortality; Prevalence.