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Infect Drug Resist . The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children: A Study in an Iranian Children's Referral Hospital

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  • Infect Drug Resist . The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children: A Study in an Iranian Children's Referral Hospital


    Infect Drug Resist


    . 2020 Jul 31;13:2649-2655.
    doi: 10.2147/IDR.S259064. eCollection 2020.
    The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children: A Study in an Iranian Children's Referral Hospital


    Shima Mahmoudi 1 , Mehrzad Mehdizadeh 2 3 , Reza Shervin Badv 3 , Amene Navaeian 4 , Babak Pourakbari 1 , Maryam Rostamyan 4 , Meisam Sharifzadeh Ekbatani 3 , Hamid Eshaghi 4 , Mohammad Reza Abdolsalehi 4 , Hosein Alimadadi 1 , Zahra Movahedi 5 , Setareh Mamishi 1 4



    Affiliations

    Abstract

    Background: Despite the worldwide spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the epidemiological and clinical patterns of the COVID-19 infection remain largely unclear, particularly among children. In this study, we explored the epidemiological characteristics, clinical patterns, and laboratory and imaging findings of pediatric patients with COVID-19.
    Materials and methods: From March 7 to March 30, 2020, there were a total of 35 patients who had confirmed COVID-19 infection by laboratory virus nucleic acid test (RT-PCR) assay with throat swab samples or typical chest CT manifestation compatible with COVID-19, in addition to a history of close contact with suspected or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 in family members. Information recorded included demographic data, medical history, exposure history, underlying comorbidities, symptoms, signs, laboratory findings and radiologic assessments, severity of disease, treatment, and mortality.
    Results: The median age of the patients was 7.5 years (IQR=4-11; range=4 months to 15 years). A total of 63% were male. Cough was present in 80% of the patients, followed by fever (77%), nausea or vomiting (29%), diarrhea (26%), shortness of breath (29%), headache (20%), and myalgia (14%). Lymphopenia was present in 43% of the patients, thrombocytopenia in 9%, neutopenia in 8%, and leucopenia in 26%. We reported severe pneumonia in 40% of the hospitalized patients and 18 (51%) had underlying diseases. Of 35 patients, 11 had positive RT-PCR results (31%). The chest CT images of 24 patients (69%) suggested COVID-19, while their RT-PCR assays from throat swab samples were negative.
    Conclusion: This study demonstrates different clinical findings of pediatrics compared to the previous reports of children. Since a high rate of false negative RT-PCR test was observed, early detection of children with COVID-19 infection by CT is conducive to reasonable management and early treatment.

    Keywords: COVID-19; Iran; children; severe pneumonia.

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