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Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Prediction of All-Cause Mortality in a US PopulationResults From the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study
<nobr>Panagiota N. Mitrou, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Victor Kipnis, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Anne C. M. Thi?baut, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Jill Reedy, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Amy F. Subar, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Elisabet Wirf?lt, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Andrew Flood, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Traci Mouw, MPH</nobr>; <nobr>Albert R. Hollenbeck, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Michael F. Leitzmann, MD, DrPH</nobr>; <nobr>Arthur Schatzkin, MD, DrPH</nobr>
Arch Intern Med. 2007;167(22):2461-2468.
<!-- ABS --> <!--startindex--> Background The Mediterranean diet has been suggested to<sup> </sup>play a beneficial role for health and longevity. However, to<sup> </sup>our knowledge, no prospective US study has investigated the<sup> </sup>Mediterranean dietary pattern in relation to mortality.<sup> </sup>
Methods Study participants included 214 284 men and<sup> </sup>166 012 women in the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-AARP<sup> </sup>(formerly known as the American Association of Retired Persons)<sup> </sup>Diet and Health Study. During follow-up for all-cause mortality<sup> </sup>(1995-2005), 27 799 deaths were documented. In the first<sup> </sup>5 years of follow-up, 5985 cancer deaths and 3451 cardiovascular<sup> </sup>disease (CVD) deaths were reported. We used a 9-point score<sup> </sup>to assess conformity with the Mediterranean dietary pattern<sup> </sup>(components included vegetables, legumes, fruits, nuts, whole<sup> </sup>grains, fish, monounsaturated fat?saturated fat ratio,<sup> </sup>alcohol, and meat). We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95%<sup> </sup>confidence intervals (CIs) using age- and multivariate-adjusted<sup> </sup>Cox models.<sup> </sup>
Results The Mediterranean diet was associated with reduced<sup> </sup>all-cause and cause-specific mortality. In men, the multivariate<sup> </sup>HRs comparing high to low conformity for all-cause, CVD, and<sup> </sup>cancer mortality were 0.79 (95% CI, 0.76-0.83), 0.78 (95% CI,<sup> </sup>0.69-0.87), and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.76-0.91), respectively. In women,<sup> </sup>an inverse association was seen with high conformity with this<sup> </sup>pattern: decreased risks that ranged from 12% for cancer mortality<sup> </sup>to 20% for all-cause mortality (P = .04 and P < .001,<sup> </sup>respectively, for the trend). When we restricted our analyses<sup> </sup>to never smokers, associations were virtually unchanged.<sup> </sup>
Conclusion These results provide strong evidence for a<sup> </sup>beneficial effect of higher conformity with the Mediterranean<sup> </sup>dietary pattern on risk of death from all causes, including<sup> </sup>deaths due to CVD and cancer, in a US population.
http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/short/167/22/2461
<sup> </sup>
<nobr>Panagiota N. Mitrou, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Victor Kipnis, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Anne C. M. Thi?baut, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Jill Reedy, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Amy F. Subar, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Elisabet Wirf?lt, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Andrew Flood, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Traci Mouw, MPH</nobr>; <nobr>Albert R. Hollenbeck, PhD</nobr>; <nobr>Michael F. Leitzmann, MD, DrPH</nobr>; <nobr>Arthur Schatzkin, MD, DrPH</nobr>
Arch Intern Med. 2007;167(22):2461-2468.
<!-- ABS --> <!--startindex--> Background The Mediterranean diet has been suggested to<sup> </sup>play a beneficial role for health and longevity. However, to<sup> </sup>our knowledge, no prospective US study has investigated the<sup> </sup>Mediterranean dietary pattern in relation to mortality.<sup> </sup>
Methods Study participants included 214 284 men and<sup> </sup>166 012 women in the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-AARP<sup> </sup>(formerly known as the American Association of Retired Persons)<sup> </sup>Diet and Health Study. During follow-up for all-cause mortality<sup> </sup>(1995-2005), 27 799 deaths were documented. In the first<sup> </sup>5 years of follow-up, 5985 cancer deaths and 3451 cardiovascular<sup> </sup>disease (CVD) deaths were reported. We used a 9-point score<sup> </sup>to assess conformity with the Mediterranean dietary pattern<sup> </sup>(components included vegetables, legumes, fruits, nuts, whole<sup> </sup>grains, fish, monounsaturated fat?saturated fat ratio,<sup> </sup>alcohol, and meat). We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95%<sup> </sup>confidence intervals (CIs) using age- and multivariate-adjusted<sup> </sup>Cox models.<sup> </sup>
Results The Mediterranean diet was associated with reduced<sup> </sup>all-cause and cause-specific mortality. In men, the multivariate<sup> </sup>HRs comparing high to low conformity for all-cause, CVD, and<sup> </sup>cancer mortality were 0.79 (95% CI, 0.76-0.83), 0.78 (95% CI,<sup> </sup>0.69-0.87), and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.76-0.91), respectively. In women,<sup> </sup>an inverse association was seen with high conformity with this<sup> </sup>pattern: decreased risks that ranged from 12% for cancer mortality<sup> </sup>to 20% for all-cause mortality (P = .04 and P < .001,<sup> </sup>respectively, for the trend). When we restricted our analyses<sup> </sup>to never smokers, associations were virtually unchanged.<sup> </sup>
Conclusion These results provide strong evidence for a<sup> </sup>beneficial effect of higher conformity with the Mediterranean<sup> </sup>dietary pattern on risk of death from all causes, including<sup> </sup>deaths due to CVD and cancer, in a US population.
http://archinte.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/short/167/22/2461
<sup> </sup>