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Bioelectrochemistry . Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNT-FET)-based biosensor for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) surface spike protein S1

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  • Bioelectrochemistry . Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNT-FET)-based biosensor for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) surface spike protein S1


    Bioelectrochemistry


    . 2021 Oct 15;143:107982.
    doi: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107982. Online ahead of print.
    Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNT-FET)-based biosensor for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) surface spike protein S1


    Mazin A Zamzami 1 , Gulam Rabbani 2 , Abrar Ahmad 3 , Ahmad A Basalah 4 , Wesam H Al-Sabban 5 , Saeyoung Nate Ahn 6 , Hani Choudhry 7



    AffiliationsFree PMC article

    Abstract

    The large-scale diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is important for traceability and treatment during pandemic outbreaks. We developed a fast (2-3 min), easy-to-use, low-cost, and quantitative electrochemical biosensor based on carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNT-FET) that allows digital detection of the SARS-CoV-2 S1 in fortifited saliva samples for quick and accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 S1 antigens. The biosensor was developed on a Si/SiO2 surface by CNT printing with the immobilization of a anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1. SARS-CoV-2 S1 antibody was immobilized on the CNT surface between the S-D channel area using a linker 1-pyrenebutanoic acid succinimidyl ester (PBASE) through non-covalent interaction. A commercial SARS-CoV-2 S1 antigen was used to characterize the electrical output of the CNT-FET biosensor. The SARS-CoV-2 S1 antigen in the 10 mM AA buffer pH 6.0 was effectively detected by the CNT-FET biosensor at concentrations from 0.1 fg/mL to 5.0 pg/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) of the developed CNT-FET biosensor was 4.12 fg/mL. The selectivity test was performed by using target SARS-CoV-2 S1 and non-target SARS-CoV-1 S1 and MERS-CoV S1 antigens in the 10 mM AA buffer pH 6.0. The biosensor showed high selectivity (no response to SARS-CoV-1 S1 or MERS-CoV S1 antigen) with SARS-CoV-2 S1 antigen detection in the 10 mM AA buffer pH 6.0. The biosensor is highly sensitive, saves time, and could be a helpful platform for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 S1 antigen from the patients saliva.

    Keywords: Biosensor; Carbon nanotubes; Electrical immunosensor; Field-effect transistor; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2.

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