PLoS One . Observational cohort study of IP-10's potential as a biomarker to aid in inflammation regulation within a clinical decision support protocol for patients with severe COVID-19

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PLoS One


. 2021 Jan 12;16(1):e0245296.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245296. eCollection 2021.
Observational cohort study of IP-10's potential as a biomarker to aid in inflammation regulation within a clinical decision support protocol for patients with severe COVID-19


Shaul Lev ^{1 2} , Tamar Gottesman ^{2 3} , Gal Sahaf Levin ^{1 2} , Doron Lederfein ⁴ , Evgeny Berkov ⁵ , Dror Diker ⁵ , Aliza Zaidman ⁵ , Amir Nutman ^{2 6} , Tahel Ilan Ber ⁷ , Alon Angel ⁷ , Lior Kellerman ⁷ , Eran Barash ⁷ , Roy Navon ⁷ , Olga Boico ⁷ , Yael Israeli ⁷ , Michal Rosenberg ⁷ , Amir Gelman ⁷ , Roy Kalfon ⁷ , Einav Simon ⁷ , Noa Avni ⁷ , Mary Hainrichson ⁷ , Oren Zarchin ⁷ , Tanya M Gottlieb ⁷ , Kfir Oved ⁷ , Eran Eden ⁷ , Boaz Tadmor ⁴



Affiliations

• PMID: 33434221
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245296

Abstract

Background: Treatment of severely ill COVID-19 patients requires simultaneous management of oxygenation and inflammation without compromising viral clearance. While multiple tools are available to aid oxygenation, data supporting immune biomarkers for monitoring the host-pathogen interaction across disease stages and for titrating immunomodulatory therapy is lacking.
Methods: In this single-center cohort study, we used an immunoassay platform that enables rapid and quantitative measurement of interferon γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10), a host protein involved in lung injury from virus-induced hyperinflammation. A dynamic clinical decision support protocol was followed to manage patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and examine the potential utility of timely and serial measurements of IP-10 as tool in regulating inflammation.
Results: Overall, 502 IP-10 measurements were performed on 52 patients between 7 April and 10 May 2020, with 12 patients admitted to the intensive care unit. IP-10 levels correlated with COVID-19 severity scores and admission to the intensive care unit. Among patients in the intensive care unit, the number of days with IP-10 levels exceeding 1,000 pg/mL was associated with mortality. Administration of corticosteroid immunomodulatory therapy decreased IP-10 levels significantly. Only two patients presented with subsequent IP-10 flare-ups exceeding 1,000 pg/mL and died of COVID-19-related complications.
Conclusions: Serial and readily available IP-10 measurements potentially represent an actionable aid in managing inflammation in COVID-19 patients and therapeutic decision-making.
Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04389645, retrospectively registered on May 15, 2020.