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Nat.Immunol. Influenza-induced monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages confer prolonged antibacterial protection

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  • Nat.Immunol. Influenza-induced monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages confer prolonged antibacterial protection


    Nat Immunol. 2020 Jan 13. doi: 10.1038/s41590-019-0568-x. [Epub ahead of print] Influenza-induced monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages confer prolonged antibacterial protection.

    Aegerter H1, Kulikauskaite J1, Crotta S1, Patel H2, Kelly G2, Hessel EM3, Mack M4, Beinke S3, Wack A5.
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    Abstract

    Despite the prevalence and clinical importance of influenza, its long-term effect on lung immunity is unclear. Here we describe that following viral clearance and clinical recovery, at 1 month after infection with influenza, mice are better protected from Streptococcus pneumoniae infection due to a population of monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages (AMs) that produce increased interleukin-6. Influenza-induced monocyte-derived AMs have a surface phenotype similar to resident AMs but display a unique functional, transcriptional and epigenetic profile that is distinct from resident AMs. In contrast, influenza-experienced resident AMs remain largely similar to naive AMs. Thus, influenza changes the composition of the AM population to provide prolonged antibacterial protection. Monocyte-derived AMs persist over time but lose their protective profile. Our results help to understand how transient respiratory infections, a common occurrence in human life, can constantly alter lung immunity by contributing monocyte-derived, recruited cells to the AM population.


    PMID: 31932810 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0568-x

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