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Front Immunol. 2018 Apr 17;9:781. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00781. eCollection 2018.
Natural Killer Cell Recruitment to the Lung During Influenza A Virus Infection Is Dependent on CXCR3, CCR5, and Virus Exposure Dose.
Carlin LE1, Hemann EA1, Zacharias ZR1, Heusel JW2, Legge KL1,3.
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Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are vital components of the antiviral immune response, but their contributions in defense against influenza A virus (IAV) are not well understood. To better understand NK cell responses during IAV infections, we examined the magnitude, kinetics, and contribution of NK cells to immunity and protection during high- and low-dose IAV infections. Herein, we demonstrate an increased accumulation of NK cells in the lung in high-dose vs. low-dose infections. In part, this increase is due to the local proliferation of pulmonary NK cells. However, the majority of NK cell accumulation within the lungs and airways during an IAV infection is due to recruitment that is partially dependent upon CXCR3 and CCR5, respectively. Therefore, altogether, our results demonstrate that NK cells are actively recruited to the lungs and airways during IAV infection and that the magnitude of the recruitment may relate to the inflammatory environment found within the tissues during high- and low-dose IAV infections.
KEYWORDS:
CCR5; CXCR3; cell trafficking; influenza virus; lung; natural killer cells
PMID: 29719539 PMCID: PMC5913326 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00781
Free full text
Natural Killer Cell Recruitment to the Lung During Influenza A Virus Infection Is Dependent on CXCR3, CCR5, and Virus Exposure Dose.
Carlin LE1, Hemann EA1, Zacharias ZR1, Heusel JW2, Legge KL1,3.
Author information
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are vital components of the antiviral immune response, but their contributions in defense against influenza A virus (IAV) are not well understood. To better understand NK cell responses during IAV infections, we examined the magnitude, kinetics, and contribution of NK cells to immunity and protection during high- and low-dose IAV infections. Herein, we demonstrate an increased accumulation of NK cells in the lung in high-dose vs. low-dose infections. In part, this increase is due to the local proliferation of pulmonary NK cells. However, the majority of NK cell accumulation within the lungs and airways during an IAV infection is due to recruitment that is partially dependent upon CXCR3 and CCR5, respectively. Therefore, altogether, our results demonstrate that NK cells are actively recruited to the lungs and airways during IAV infection and that the magnitude of the recruitment may relate to the inflammatory environment found within the tissues during high- and low-dose IAV infections.
KEYWORDS:
CCR5; CXCR3; cell trafficking; influenza virus; lung; natural killer cells
PMID: 29719539 PMCID: PMC5913326 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00781
Free full text