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Extensive T cell cross-reactivity between diverse seasonal influenza strains in the ferret model

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  • Extensive T cell cross-reactivity between diverse seasonal influenza strains in the ferret model

    Sci Rep. 2018 Apr 17;8(1):6112. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24394-z.
    Extensive T cell cross-reactivity between diverse seasonal influenza strains in the ferret model.

    Reber AJ1,2, Music N3, Kim JH3,4, Gansebom S3, Chen J3, York I5.
    Author information

    Abstract

    Influenza virus causes widespread, yearly epidemics by accumulating surface protein mutations to escape neutralizing antibodies established from prior exposure. In contrast to antibody epitopes, T cell mediated immunity targets influenza epitopes that are more highly conserved and have potential for cross-protection. The extent of T cell cross-reactivity between a diverse array of contemporary and historical influenza strains was investigated in ferrets challenged with 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza or the seasonal H3N2 strain, A/Perth/16/2009. Post-challenge cell-mediated immune responses demonstrated extensive cross-reactivity with a wide variety of contemporary and historical influenza A strains as well as influenza B. Responses in peripheral blood were undetectable by 36d post-challenge, but cross-reactivity persisted in spleen. The strongest responses targeted peptides from the NP protein and demonstrated cross-reactivity in both the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations. Cross-reactive CD4+ T cells also targeted HA and NA epitopes, while cross-reactive CD8+ T cells targeted internal M1, NS2, and PA. T cell epitopes demonstrated extensive cross-reactivity between diverse influenza strains in outbred animals, with NP implicated as a significant antigenic target demonstrating extensive cross-reactivity for both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.


    PMID: 29666412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24394-z
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