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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 May 1. pii: 201620194. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1620194114. [Epub ahead of print]
Nasal-associated lymphoid tissues (NALTs) support the recall but not priming of influenza virus-specific cytotoxic T cells.
Pizzolla A1, Wang Z1, Groom JR2, Kedzierska K1, Brooks AG1, Reading PC1,3, Wakim LM4.
Author information
Abstract
The lymphoid tissue that drains the upper respiratory tract represents an important induction site for cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immunity to airborne pathogens and intranasal vaccines. Here, we investigated the role of the nasal-associated lymphoid tissues (NALTs), which are mucosal-associated lymphoid organs embedded in the submucosa of the nasal passage, in the initial priming and recall expansion of CD8+ T cells following an upper respiratory tract infection with a pathogenic influenza virus and immunization with a live attenuated influenza virus vaccine. Whereas NALTs served as the induction site for the recall expansion of memory CD8+ T cells following influenza virus infection or vaccination, they failed to support activation of na?ve CD8+ T cells. Strikingly, NALTs, unlike other lymphoid tissues, were not routinely surveyed during the steady state by circulating T cells. The selective recruitment of memory T cells into these lymphoid structures occurred in response to infection-induced elevation of the chemokine CXCL10, which attracted CXCR3+ memory CD8+ T cells. These results have significant implications for intranasal vaccines, which deliver antigen to mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue and aim to elicit protective CTL-mediated immunity.
KEYWORDS:
CD8 T-cell priming; influenza virus; nasal-associated lymphoid tissue; respiratory tract
PMID: 28461487 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1620194114
Nasal-associated lymphoid tissues (NALTs) support the recall but not priming of influenza virus-specific cytotoxic T cells.
Pizzolla A1, Wang Z1, Groom JR2, Kedzierska K1, Brooks AG1, Reading PC1,3, Wakim LM4.
Author information
Abstract
The lymphoid tissue that drains the upper respiratory tract represents an important induction site for cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immunity to airborne pathogens and intranasal vaccines. Here, we investigated the role of the nasal-associated lymphoid tissues (NALTs), which are mucosal-associated lymphoid organs embedded in the submucosa of the nasal passage, in the initial priming and recall expansion of CD8+ T cells following an upper respiratory tract infection with a pathogenic influenza virus and immunization with a live attenuated influenza virus vaccine. Whereas NALTs served as the induction site for the recall expansion of memory CD8+ T cells following influenza virus infection or vaccination, they failed to support activation of na?ve CD8+ T cells. Strikingly, NALTs, unlike other lymphoid tissues, were not routinely surveyed during the steady state by circulating T cells. The selective recruitment of memory T cells into these lymphoid structures occurred in response to infection-induced elevation of the chemokine CXCL10, which attracted CXCR3+ memory CD8+ T cells. These results have significant implications for intranasal vaccines, which deliver antigen to mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue and aim to elicit protective CTL-mediated immunity.
KEYWORDS:
CD8 T-cell priming; influenza virus; nasal-associated lymphoid tissue; respiratory tract
PMID: 28461487 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1620194114