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Gene Rep
. 2022 Mar;26:101503.
doi: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101503. Epub 2022 Jan 15.
The impact of lymphoid memory cells in different ages of COVID-19 patients
Mozhdeh Jafari 1 2 , Hanieh Kolahdooz 1 , Mahmoud Mahmoudi 1 2 , Afsaneh Foolady Azarnaminy 3 , Leila Mobasheri 4 , Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili 1 2
Affiliations
- PMID: 35071822
- PMCID: PMC8760633
- DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101503
Abstract
Coronaviruses are highly pathogenic and transmissible viruses. The SARS-CoV-2 virus that emerged in December 2019 is increasingly recognized as a serious, worldwide public health concern. Respiratory infections and the hyper-inflammatory response induced by SARS-CoV-2 play a key role in disease severity and death in infected COVID-19 patients. However, much uncertainty still exists about the pathogenesis and various effects of COVID-19 on immune system. It seems that memory T cells can reduce the severity of COVID-19 infection by inducing a protective immune response. Memory T cells along with protective antibodies are the main defenses and also protective barrier against recurrent COVID-19 infection. The role of Memory T cells varies in different ages and the severity of COVID-19 infection varies between children, adults and the elderly. Furthermore, the aim of this review is to evaluate the role of memory cells in mild, moderate and severe infected COVID-19 patients with different ages.
Keywords: ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; BALF, broncho-alveolar fluid; CCL, CC-chemokine ligand; CNS, central nervous system; COVID-19; COVID-19, coronavirus disease-19; CRP, C-reactive protein; CRS, cytokine release syndrome; CXCL, CXC-chemokine ligand; EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; ICU, intensive care unit; MNPs, mononuclear phagocytes; Memory B cells; Memory T cells; NK, natural killer (NK) cells; SARS-CoV-2; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; aging.