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Cell Rep . Single-cell analysis of COVID-19, sepsis, and HIV infection reveals hyperinflammatory and immunosuppressive signatures in monocytes

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  • Cell Rep . Single-cell analysis of COVID-19, sepsis, and HIV infection reveals hyperinflammatory and immunosuppressive signatures in monocytes


    Cell Rep


    . 2021 Sep 17;109793.
    doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109793. Online ahead of print.
    Single-cell analysis of COVID-19, sepsis, and HIV infection reveals hyperinflammatory and immunosuppressive signatures in monocytes


    Nianping Liu 1 , Chen Jiang 1 , Pengfei Cai 1 , Zhuoqiao Shen 2 , Wujianan Sun 3 , Hao Xu 3 , Minghao Fang 4 , Xinfeng Yao 5 , Lin Zhu 3 , Xuyuan Gao 3 , Jingwen Fang 6 , Jun Lin 1 , Chuang Guo 7 , Kun Qu 8



    AffiliationsFree PMC article

    Abstract

    The mortality risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients has been linked to the cytokine storm caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Understanding the inflammatory responses shared between COVID-19 and other infectious diseases that feature cytokine storms may therefore help in developing improved therapeutic strategies. Here, we use integrative analysis of single-cell transcriptomes to characterize the inflammatory signatures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with COVID-19, sepsis, and HIV infection. We identify ten hyperinflammatory cell subtypes in which monocytes are the main contributors to the transcriptional differences in these infections. Monocytes from COVID-19 patients share hyperinflammatory signatures with HIV infection and immunosuppressive signatures with sepsis. Finally, we construct a "three-stage" model of heterogeneity among COVID-19 patients, related to the hyperinflammatory and immunosuppressive signatures in monocytes. Our study thus reveals cellular and molecular insights about inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and provides therapeutic guidance to improve treatments for subsets of COVID-19 patients.

    Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; immunosuppression; inflammation.

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