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Signal Transduct Target Ther . Viral dynamics and antibody responses in people with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection

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  • Signal Transduct Target Ther . Viral dynamics and antibody responses in people with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection


    Signal Transduct Target Ther


    . 2021 May 10;6(1):181.
    doi: 10.1038/s41392-021-00596-2.
    Viral dynamics and antibody responses in people with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection


    Zhiwei Sui # 1 , Xinhua Dai # 1 , Qingbin Lu # 2 , Yulan Zhang # 3 4 , Min Huang # 5 , Shufen Li 3 4 , Tao Peng 1 , Jie Xie 1 , Yongzhuo Zhang 1 , Chunchen Wu 6 , Jianbo Xia 6 , Lianhua Dong 1 , Jiayi Yang 1 , Wenfeng Huang 1 , Siyuan Liu 1 , Ziquan Wang 1 , Ke Li 7 , Qingfang Yang 7 , Xi Zhou 3 4 8 , Ying Wu 9 , Wei Liu 10 , Xiang Fang 11 , Ke Peng 12 13 14



    Affiliations

    Abstract

    Over 40% of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) COVID-19 patients were asymptomatically infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the immune responses of these asymptomatic individuals is a critical factor for developing the strategy to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we determined the viral dynamics and antibody responses among 143 asymptomatic individuals identified in a massive screening of more than 5 million people in eight districts of Wuhan in May 2020. Asymptomatic individuals were admitted to the government-designated centralized sites in accordance with policy. The incidence rate of asymptomatic infection is ~2.92/100,000. These individuals had low viral copy numbers (peaked at 315 copies/mL) and short-lived antibody responses with the estimated diminish time of 69 days. The antibody responses in individuals with persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection is much longer with the estimated diminish time of 257 days. These results imply that the immune responses in the asymptomatic individuals are not potent enough for preventing SARS-CoV-2 re-infection, which has recently been reported in recovered COVID-19 patients. This casts doubt on the efficacy of forming "herd-immunity" through natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and urges for the development of safe and effective vaccines.


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