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Clin Microbiol Infect . Antibody persistence in the first six months following SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospital workers: a prospective longitudinal study

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  • Clin Microbiol Infect . Antibody persistence in the first six months following SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospital workers: a prospective longitudinal study


    Clin Microbiol Infect


    . 2021 Jan 19;S1198-743X(21)00031-8.
    doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.01.005. Online ahead of print.
    Antibody persistence in the first six months following SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospital workers: a prospective longitudinal study


    Arnaud G L'Huillier 1 , Benjamin Meyer 2 , Diego O Andrey 3 , Isabelle Arm-Vernez 4 , Stephanie Baggio 5 , Arnaud Didierlaurent 2 , Christiane S Eberhardt 6 , Isabella Eckerle 7 , Carole Grasset-Salomon 8 , Angela Huttner 9 , Klara M Posfay-Barbe 10 , Irene Sabater Royo 2 , Jacques A Pralong 11 , Nicolas Vuilleumier 12 , Sabine Yerly 4 , Claire-Anne Siegrist 2 , Laurent Kaiser 7 , Geneva Centre for Emerging Viral Diseases



    Affiliations

    Abstract

    Objective: To longitudinally evaluate the persistence of humoral immunity up to six months in a cohort of hospital employees with mild COVID-19.
    Methods: We measured anti-RBD, -N and neutralizing antibodies at one, three and six months after mostly mild COVID-19 in 200 hospital workers using commercial ELISAs and a surrogate virus neutralization assay.
    Results: SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies persisted in all participants up to 6 months. Anti-RBD geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) progressively increased between month one (74.2 U/ml [95%CI 62.7-87.8), three (103.2 U/ml [95%CI 87.9-121.2]; p<0.001), and six (123.3 U/ml [95%CI 103.4-147.0]; p<0.001) in the whole cohort. Anti-N antibodies were detectable in >97% at all times. Neutralizing antibodies were detectable in 99.5% (195/196) of participants at six months post infection. Their GMC progressively decreased between months one (20.1 AU/ml [95%CI 16.9-24.0]), three (15.2 AU/ml [95%CI 13.2-17.6]; p<0.001) and six (9.4 AU/ml [95%CI 7.7-11.4]; p<0.001). RBD-ACE2 inhibiting antibody titers and anti-RBD antibody concentrations strongly correlated at each timepoint (all r>0.86, p<0.001). Disease severity was associated with higher initial anti-RBD and RBD-ACE2 inhibiting antibody titers, but not with their kinetics.
    Conclusion: Neutralizing antibodies persisted at six months in almost all participants, indicating more durability than initially feared. Anti-RBD antibodies persisted better and even increased over time, possibly related to the preferential detection of progressively higher-affinity antibodies.


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