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COVID-19 Reinfections thread-South Korea says no reinfections?-Vietnam, China, Brunei, India..,

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  • #31
    Corona, an American resident living in Jeju, reconfirmed after a week of discharge
    2020-04-24 22:13

    (Jeju = Yonhap News) Reporter Baek Na-Yong = An American who was diagnosed with cure after being infected with the new sixth infection of Coronavirus (Corona 19) in Jeju was admitted to hospitalization after being re-determined.

    On the 24th, at 7:30 pm on the 24th, the sixth confirmed person in the country, US Nationality A (30s, 987 domestic), was reaffirmed by the Corona 19 prosecutor and was admitted to the negative pressure room at Jeju National University.


    Mr. A, who lives in Jeju, stayed in Madrid, Spain, and arrived on the 19th of last month and was confirmed by Corona19 on the 24th of the same month.

    After receiving treatment in the negative pressure hospital room at Jeju National University, A was discharged after being judged to be completely cured on the 17th, but she was hospitalized again after 7 days of discharge.

    He was tested positive at the Jeju Health Center this morning by taking a sample.


    After A was discharged, he was self-isolation at home in accordance with the Jeju Island management guidelines and was confirmed to have been monitored by the public health center.



    It is also known that there have been no symptoms.https://m.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20200424...site=topnews01
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    • #32
      ...The statement comes days after Chile announced it would begin issuing immunity cards to travelers that effectively act as passports, allowing them to clear security at airports with a document that purportedly shows they have already recovered from the virus. Authorities and researchers in other countries — such as France and the United Kingdom — have expressed interest in similar ideas, while some in the U.S., such as Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti, have mentioned it as one possible facet of a reopening strategy.

      The concept for such a card is largely based on the premise that an individual can only contract the coronavirus once before developing the necessary antibodies to fight it off. That premise undergirds another common theory: the concept, known as herd immunity, that if enough of the population has been infected with the coronavirus — and is therefore immune — its transmission will slow and the risks of infection will diminish even for those who haven't caught it yet.

      But these ideas depend to a large degree on the supposition that one cannot catch the coronavirus a second time — an idea that world health authorities said leaders should not count on right now. As of Friday, the WHO said, "No study has evaluated whether the presence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 confers immunity to subsequent infection by this virus in humans."


      What's more, data reported from the world's early COVID-19 hotspots, such as South Korea and China, have shown that a growing number of recovered patients appear to have suffered a relapse of the disease.

      By mid-April, Korean health authorities said that scores of people — or just over 2% of the country's recovered patients — were in isolation again after testing positive a second time. And in Wuhan, China, data from several quarantine facilities in the city, which house patients for observation after their discharge from hospitals, show that about 5%-10% of patients pronounced "recovered" have tested positive again.


      As yet, it remains unclear precisely why this is occurring — whether it is a sign of a second infection, a reactivation of the remaining virus in the body or the result of an inaccurate antibody test....https://www.npr.org/sections/coronav...mmune-who-says
      CSI:WORLD http://swineflumagazine.blogspot.com/

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      • #33
        Recovered, almost: China's early patients unable to shed coronavirus
        APR 22, 2020


        .....“I really can’t take it anymore,” he said. Diagnosed with the novel coronavirus in early February, the man, who appeared to be in his 50s, had been treated at two hospitals before being transferred to a quarantine center set up in a cluster of apartment blocks in an industrial part of Wuhan.

        Why, he asked, did tests say he still had the virus more than two months after he first contracted it?

        The answer to that question is a mystery baffling doctors on the front line of China’s battle against COVID-19, even as it has successfully slowed the spread of the coronavirus across the country......




        ....Chinese doctors in Wuhan, where the virus first emerged in December, say a growing number of cases in which people recover from the virus, but continue to test positive without showing symptoms, is one of their biggest challenges as the country moves into a new phase of its containment battle.

        Those patients all tested negative for the virus at some point after recovering, but then tested positive again, some up to 70 days later, the doctors said. Many have done so over 50-60 days.

        The prospect of people remaining positive for the virus, and therefore potentially infectious, is of international concern, as many countries seek to end lockdowns and resume economic activity as the spread of the virus slows. Currently, the globally recommended isolation period after exposure is 14 days.

        So far, there have been no confirmations of newly positive patients infecting others, according to Chinese health officials.


        China has not published precise figures for how many patients fall into this category. But disclosures by Chinese hospitals to Reuters, as well as in other media reports, indicate there are at least dozens of such cases.

        In South Korea, about 1,000 people have been testing positive for four weeks or more. In Italy, the first European country ravaged by the pandemic, health officials noticed that coronavirus patients could test positive for the virus for about a month.

        As there is limited knowledge available on how infectious these patients are, doctors in Wuhan are keeping them isolated for longer.....https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/20.../#.XqSqISlKjb0
        CSI:WORLD http://swineflumagazine.blogspot.com/

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        • #34
          Kerala Woman, Who Tested Positive For Coronavirus 19 Times, Recovers And Tests Negative Twice

          Apr 25, 2020 12:29 PM IST


          Pathanamthitta, April 25: A 62-year-old woman from Kerala's Pathanamthitta, who tested positive for coronavirus 19 successive times, has recovered. The elderly asymptomatic woman tested negative on Friday. "She tested negative twice and will be discharged from the hospital after the state medical board gives its permission," Pathanamthitta district medical officer Dr N Sheeja told Hindustan Times.

          The woman contracted the diseases after she came in contact with the Italy-returned family. She was first hospitalised on March 10 after she showed symptoms and soon after tested positive for coronavirus. Following treatment, she recovered and became free from the symptoms. However, she tested positive 19 times. The case baffled doctors as the woman was not showing symptoms.

          ....Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan had said the case shows coronavirus in unpredictable. "How the coronavirus behaves cannot be predicted. Even after repeat tests every alternative day, the patient is positive," Vijayan had said.

          Several cases have been reported where a person tested positive for coronavirus more than 14 days after coming into contact with an infected person. Asymptomatic people are also testing positive for coronavirus. The Union Health Ministry said on Monday that 80 per cent of the COVID-19 cases are either asymptomatic or with mild symptoms.
          ....https://www.latestly.com/india/news/...e-1707816.html
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          treyfish2004@yahoo.com

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          • #35
            Two test positive for COVID-19 after previously being given the all-clear

            Update: April, 29/2020 - 20:01


            H? NỘI — Two more COVID-19 patients in Việt Nam who previously were given the all-clear have tested positive again, the Treatment Subcommittee of the National Steering Committee on COVID-19 Prevention and Control reported on Wednesday evening.

            The newest relapse cases bring the total number of people testing positive after previously given the all-clear stands at 11.

            ...

            Patient No 130 was declared recovered on March 30 but still monitored at the National Hospital of Tropic Diseases. His tests were positive again on April 4, April 19 and from 25-26.

            After being declared to have recovered on April 11, Patient No 50 had two tests come back positive on April 24 on 27....
            https://vietnamnews.vn/society/71605...all-clear.html
            CSI:WORLD http://swineflumagazine.blogspot.com/

            treyfish2004@yahoo.com

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            • #36
              ....Is it possible to get COVID-19 twice? Or are we immune once we get it?


              Unfortunately, the news here is not good. While catching and successfully fighting off a virus usually results in a natural immunity to it, coronavirus infections do not seem to result in long-term immunity. Individuals could be reinfected when that immunity wanes.

              Volunteers experimentally inoculated with HCoV-229E showed a steep decline in antibody response over time, and the majority could be successfully reinfected a year later. Patients infected with SARS-CoV also showed a decline in antibody titers over time. On the animal side, cattle infected with bovine coronavirus (BCoV) — the ancestor of at least one human coronavirus — are susceptible to reinfection and show no long-term immunity.

              And some animal coronaviruses are never resolved at all: They become persistent infections. In cats, for example, infection with feline enteric coronavirus may last for months or longer. When this happens, the virus mutates so much that its very nature seems to change. What starts out as a relatively mild gastrointestinal infection eventually causes serious peritonitis (inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal wall) in some animals. Examining the virus at this point in the infection, researchers found that the mutations had resulted in the emergence of a related virus, feline infectious peritonitis virus — and this one has a higher fatality rate.

              Currently, there is no evidence of particular mutations in SARS-CoV-2 that may alter its virulence. But researchers will certainly be investigating individuals who test positive again after having one or more negative tests to determine if they have truly been reinfected, or if they have a persistent initial infection that only seemed to go away. (It’s also possible the tests may have produced false negatives.)
              .....https://www.quantamagazine.org/what-...ov-2-20200429/
              CSI:WORLD http://swineflumagazine.blogspot.com/

              treyfish2004@yahoo.com

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              • #37
                Covid-19: After testing negative, Fernando Rocha again testing positive

                The comedian had already received a negative test, but a few days later a new test dictated that it was still infected after all.

                4/29/20 11:11 AM
                FERNANDO ROCHA


                Fernando Rock breathed relief when receiving the test that realized that was not already infected with Covid -19. Illness you have struggled with in recent weeks. However, it seems that the comedian is not yet completely free of the disease.

                In a conversation with Manuel Lu?s Goucha on TVI's 'Voc? na TV' program , the comedian Hugo Sousa revealed that, three days after the negative test, Fernando Rocha took another test and this confirmed the presence of the disease again.
                https://www.noticiasaominuto.com/fam..._campaign=fama
                CSI:WORLD http://swineflumagazine.blogspot.com/

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                • #38
                  Tests in recovered patients in S. Korea found false positives, not reinfections, experts say

                  The Korea Herald/Asia News Network / 05:09 PM April 29, 2020

                  SEOUL — South Korea’s infectious disease experts said Thursday that dead virus fragments were the likely cause of over 260 people here testing positive again for the novel coronavirus days and even weeks after marking full recoveries.

                  Oh Myoung-don, who leads the central clinical committee for emerging disease control, said the committee members found little reason to believe that those cases could be COVID-19 reinfections or reactivations, which would have made global efforts to contain the virus much more daunting.

                  “The tests detected the ribonucleic acid of the dead virus,” said Oh, a Seoul National University hospital doctor, at a press conference Thursday held at the National Medical Center.

                  He went on to explain that in PCR tests, or polymerase chain reaction tests, used for COVID-19 diagnosis, genetic materials of the virus amplify during testing, whether it is from a live virus or just from fragments of dead virus cells that can take months to clear from recovered patients.




                  The PCR tests cannot distinguish whether the virus is alive or dead, he added, and this can lead to false positives.

                  “PCR testing that amplifies genetics of the virus is used in Korea to test COVID-19, and relapse cases are due to technical limits of the PCR testing.”



                  As of Sunday, 263 people in Korea tested positive for the disease again after being declared virus-free, of which 17 were minors or teens, the National Medical Center said.

                  “The respiratory epithelial cell has a half-life of up to three months, and RNA virus in the cell can be detected with PCR testing one to two months after the elimination of the cell,” Oh said.

                  The committee’s findings confirmed an earlier assessment from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that repeat patients appear to have little or no contagiousness. The KCDC cited results of virus culture tests that all failed to find live virus in recovered patients.

                  ....

                  The committee ruled out reactivation of COVID-19 as a reason for relapses and said there was little to no possibility that reinfections would occur due to antibodies that patients develop.

                  “The process in which COVID-19 produces a new virus takes place only in host cells and does not infiltrate the nucleus. This means it does not cause chronic infection or recurrence,” Oh said.....
                  https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/126675...ns-experts-say

                  CSI:WORLD http://swineflumagazine.blogspot.com/

                  treyfish2004@yahoo.com

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                  • #39
                    Does Covid-19 Infection Equal Immunity?

                    Researchers seek to understand how well, and for how long, survivors resist new infections
                    By
                    Robert Lee Hotz
                    Updated April 19, 2020 2:47 pm ET
                    As the ranks of Covid-19 survivors swell, scientists are racing to understand how well they resist reinfection—and just how long that hard-won immunity might last.

                    So far, most medical researchers who have studied coronaviruses related to the pathogen that causes Covid-19—including SARS, MERS and the common cold—are confident that people who do recover gain some immunity to SARS-CoV-2, based on preliminary studies and case reports of the new virus. They don’t know yet whether that protection will last a few months, a few years or a lifetime.
                    Lengths of Resistance

                    Average amount of time that people retain immunity to selected viral diseases

                    LENGTH OF IMMUNITY ILLNESS VIRUS

                    Covid-19

                    SARS-CoV-2

                    Unknown


                    CORONAVIRUSES

                    Common cold

                    HCV-229E

                    6 months

                    Severe acute

                    respiratory

                    syndrome

                    SARS-CoV

                    24 months

                    Middle Eastern

                    respiratory

                    syndrome

                    MERS-CoV

                    34 months

                    OTHERS

                    Flu

                    Influenza A

                    6 months

                    Measles

                    Rubeola

                    Lifelong

                    Sources: Nextstrain; Epidemiology & Infection;
                    Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal of
                    Medical Virology


                    “The arguments are that a protective response to SARS-CoV-2 will last somewhere between 6 months and 60 years,” said Martin Hibberd, a specialist in emerging infectious diseases at the U.K.’s London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

                    Any time the immune system encounters a new virus, it tailors a custom defense by orchestrating a system of cells, organ and tissues. The strength and longevity of those defenses are affected by heredity, sleep, diet, stress and hygiene, to name a few factors, medical experts say. All play into the levels of protective antibodies a patient can produce to ward off infection—and under the right circumstances, that immunity could last a lifetime...https://www.wsj.com/articles/does-co..._copyURL_share
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                    • #40
                      Tests in recovered patients found false positives, not reinfections, experts say

                      By Kim Bo-gyung
                      Published : Apr 29, 2020 - 17:18 Updated : Apr 29, 2020 - 17:40
                      South Korea’s infectious disease experts said Thursday that dead virus fragments were the likely cause of over 260 people here testing positive again for the novel coronavirus days and even weeks after marking full recoveries.

                      Oh Myoung-don, who leads the central clinical committee for emerging disease control, said the committee members found little reason to believe that those cases could be COVID-19 reinfections or reactivations, which would have made global efforts to contain the virus much more daunting.


                      “The tests detected the ribonucleic acid of the dead virus,” said Oh, a Seoul National University hospital doctor, at a press conference Thursday held at the National Medical Center.

                      He went on to explain that in PCR tests, or polymerase chain reaction tests, used for COVID-19 diagnosis, genetic materials of the virus amplify during testing, whether it is from a live virus or just from fragments of dead virus cells that can take months to clear from recovered patients.

                      The PCR tests cannot distinguish whether the virus is alive or dead, he added, and this can lead to false positives.


                      “PCR testing that amplifies genetics of the virus is used in Korea to test COVID-19, and relapse cases are due to technical limits of the PCR testing.”....

                      The committee ruled out reactivation of COVID-19 as a reason for relapses and said there was little to no possibility that reinfections would occur due to antibodies that patients develop.

                      “The process in which COVID-19 produces a new virus takes place only in host cells and does not infiltrate the nucleus. This means it does not cause chronic infection or recurrence,” Oh said
                      .http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20200429000724
                      CSI:WORLD http://swineflumagazine.blogspot.com/

                      treyfish2004@yahoo.com

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                      • #41
                        https://www.sciencefocus.com/news/co...ter-diagnosis/

                        The immune response to coronavirus may last for two months after diagnosis, new research suggests.

                        Results from an antibody testing study have revealed that COVID-19 antibodies remain stable in the blood of the majority of infected people almost two months after diagnosis, and possibly longer
                        ....
                        The study also found that patients with the most severe infections and largest inflammatory response were likely to develop more antibodies. This may be due to antibody responses working in parallel with an inflammatory response to severe disease, or that a higher viral load could lead to greater stimulation of the inflammatory and antibody development pathways, researchers suggest.

                        They add that further mechanistic work is required to understand if and why this may be the case.

                        In the study, between 2 and 8.5 per cent of patients did not develop COVID-19 antibodies at all. The researchers say this may be because the immune response in these patients could be through other immune response mechanisms, such as different antigens or T-cells.
                        ....snip

                        "The only security we have is our ability to adapt."

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                      • #42
                        California -

                        Koreatown man reinfected with COVID-19 after attending several protests

                        By Bill Melugin
                        Published 3 days ago

                        LOS ANGELES - A Koreatown man tells FOX 11 he has been reinfected with COVID-19 for a second time after he attended several Black Lives Matter protests last month, and while he remembers being concerned about being in the crowds, he doesn’t know if the protests were the source of his most recent infection.
                        ...
                        He says he first tested positive for COVID-19 in March, before the lockdowns began.
                        ...
                        Lee said the infection and symptoms lasted about a month, and he provided FOX 11 with his test results from April 22nd showing he still tested positive for COVID-19.

                        Lee eventually recovered and went back to work.
                        ...
                        He said he tested negative several times after his first infection, but then ested positive again on June 19th after he attended several Black Lives Matter protests.
                        ...
                        He said this recent infection is much worse than the one he had in March, calling the first one “Corona Lite” and the recent one “Corona Extra.”
                        ...
                        Lee said no contact tracers contacted him about his recent infection.

                        A Koreatown man tells FOX 11 he has been reinfected with COVID-19 for a second time after he attended several Black Lives Matter protests last month, and while he remembers being concerned about being in the crowds, he doesn’t know if the protests were the source of his most recent infection.
                        "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                        -Nelson Mandela

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                        • #43
                          QUICK QUESTION FOR ANYONE WITH GENETIC VIROLOGY EXPERIENCE:
                          Doing a bit of research on the issue of "Dormancy" as a possibility with Covid 19. Other than assumption surrounding primarily the Korean reinfections (which could have been testing issues also, or just reinfection) I am not seeing any serious evidence that "that" dormancy historically is present in any Coronavirus family events. Nor does it seem to be a recurring theme across the world as we get more and more data points to actually look at. MY QUESTIONS ARE.......

                          (1) Any real evidence that dormancy of Covid19 is a thing?
                          (2) Any Genetic Marker discoveries so far that would indicate this? I know there was some talk early on regarding HIV segments, but I have been remiss in keeping up on that.

                          Any quick overview of what the general scientific concensus is at present, or pointing to data/studies on the topic would be appreciated. Basically I am trying to figure out if there is anything of data driven substance out there to support this above and beyond "assumptions of possibility".

                          Comment


                          • JJackson
                            JJackson commented
                            Editing a comment
                            I have not seen anything definitive. The answer is probably easily acquired if you have some of the swab from the original infection and of the putative reinfection. Full genome sequences from both would either be a close match (flair up of the original infection) for the pair or different implying a reinfection from a new source. While the rate of single nucleotide changes is relatively low synonymous changes should be enough to settle this debate. My personal opinion is that most of these recurrences are low level infections which push the PCR CT back above the test sensitivity threshold. Mild infections, which are dealt with primarily by the innate immune response, may not lead to much, if any, antibody production and lead to a genuine second infection. I suspect the former is probably the bigger contributor.

                        • #44
                          "Fuyang" patients frequently occur everywhere. Have we encountered new problems?



                          2021-01-25 20:36 Source: The Paper, The Paper , Mediantion


                          The specific cause of "rejuvenation" in patients cured with new coronary pneumonia is still a mystery, but research shows that it is basically no longer infectious.

                          On the evening of January 24, Xicheng District, Beijing, notified the district's new coronavirus nucleic acid detection situation. In the nucleic acid test of 1,130,680 people. Except for one person who was collected on January 22 and tested positive, the results of the others were all negative. Subsequently, Xicheng District immediately activated an emergency response mechanism to review the person and found that he was a confirmed case diagnosed after entering Shanghai in August 2020 and cured. After complying with relevant regulations, he entered Beijing in October. It is not ruled out that more than four months after the cure The possibility of "rejuvenating Yang" again is currently being organized for expert consultation.

                          Also on the evening of January 24, Shanxi Fushan also notified a "Fuyang" patient. According to official reports, the patient returned from the Philippines to Zhengzhou on December 16, 2020. The nucleic acid test result was positive on December 17, and the patient was diagnosed as asymptomatic infection by the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, and was hospitalized for isolation treatment. On January 2, January 3, and January 4, 2021, the three nucleic acid tests were all negative. On January 5, 2021, he was discharged from the hospital and returned to Fushan, Shanxi. The nucleic acid test was negative. The "14+2" test was completed on January 22 Nucleic acid test was performed after home isolation, and the result was negative, but on January 23rd, Wei's nucleic acid test result was positive during the county's key population nucleic acid test in Fushan, Shanxi.

                          And at the 94th press conference on Shanghai epidemic prevention and control held on the afternoon of January 25.According to Wu Jinglei, director of the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, more than 30 cases of "Fuyang" have been found in Shanghai during the 14-day quarantine period after healing. Shanghai-level designated hospitals will begin the fourth week of follow-up visits for discharged patients who have been released from quarantine for 14 days. Those discharged from other provinces and cities will be followed up by telephone, and they will be required to go to the local area for nucleic acid testing.

                          Earlier, Beijing Xinfadi had a case of "Fuyang" 28 days after being discharged from the hospital. In Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Zhuhai, and Chongqing, there have also been cases of “recovery” of immigrants after their isolation. The frequent occurrence of "rejuvenation" in various places seems to be a very difficult situation in epidemic prevention and control.

                          Regarding the phenomenon of "rejuvenation" one after another, Li Taisheng, the director-designate of the Infectious Diseases Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and the director of the Department of Infectious Medicine at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, said in an interview with a Global Times reporter that according to the existing "rejuvenation" of patients with new coronary pneumonia cured Research shows that many of the so-called “fuyang” are not necessarily the “endless” existence of the new coronavirus in the patient's body. The reasons that cause the new crown-cured patient's nucleic acid test to be positive again are more diverse and require specific analysis.

                          In April 2020, as the captain of the second batch of medical aid team of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Li Taisheng, after the team members returned to Beijing triumphantly, was ordered to continue to stay in Wuhan, and went to Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital and Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital to treat the new crown. Designated hospitals for patients with pneumonia to carry out research on the phenomenon of "rejuvenation" in patients cured with new coronary pneumonia.
                          .....

                          According to Li Taisheng, at that time, Wuhan City collected more than 100 cases of "Fuyang" patients, but only 37 of them had relatively complete case data, suitable for comprehensive observation. All 37 patients were infected with new coronary pneumonia at the beginning of January. They were cured and returned home after multiple nucleic acid tests were negative. However, by the end of March and early April, these cured patients showed symptoms when they returned to the hospital for routine review. The nucleic acid test was positive again.

                          Through the clinical observation of these 37 "fuyang" patients, it was not found that they had various symptoms again. Analysis of their viral gene sequence did not find that there were new coronavirus-specific gene fragments in their bodies. Subsequently, they investigated their contact history, and carried out nucleic acid tests and IgG and IgM antibody tests among their relatives and friends and other long-term close contacts. The results were all negative. This confirms that their "rejuvenation" is not caused by a second time. The second proved that although they had a "rejuvenation" condition, they were no longer infectious.

                          Regarding the specific causes of the "fuyang" problem, Li Taisheng believes that existing research tends to believe that the "false negative" and "false positive" conditions in the testing process may be the main reason for the patient's "fuyang".

                          Because the new coronavirus is hidden deep in the human body, the virus content of the respiratory secretions in different parts of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and respiratory lavage fluid is different. Therefore, in the process of nucleic acid testing to verify whether the patient is cured, there may be clear signs in the patient's body. There are still viral nucleic acid fragments, but the sample collection is not in place, and the nucleic acid test of the collected saliva samples is negative. Such "false-negative" patients generally may be found to be positive when they undergo a nucleic acid test again within two to three weeks after discharge, so it will give people the illusion of "rejuvenation". However, studies have shown that the viral load in such patients is small and basically non-infectious.

                          The polymerase chain (PCR) technology used in nucleic acid detection determines the equipment, reagents, temperature, air pollutants and other environmental factors that may affect the accuracy of nucleic acid detection. Problems in any of the above links may lead to errors in the test results, resulting in the possibility of "false positives". However, there is the possibility of errors in any laboratory inspection, and laboratory errors that meet the quality control standards are also allowed.

                          In addition, Li Taisheng also believes that as the global new crown pneumonia epidemic continues to worsen and the virus continues to evolve, when "fuyang" patients appear, they need to be checked for "secondary infection". Since the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia epidemic at the end of 2019, most countries in the world have now seen epidemics. From the perspective of virogenesis, the currently known virus strains in the world are divided into three types: A, B, and C. The strains of new coronaviruses circulating in different countries and regions are different. On August 24, 2020, the world’s first “second-infection” patient was found in Hong Kong. After sequencing and analyzing the whole genome of the virus, it was found that the patient’s two infections had different gene pedigrees.

                          Analysis of the patient’s two infections with different strains . This case shows that humans may not be able to achieve autoimmunity after being infected with the new coronavirus, and there may be repeated infections with different strains of the new coronavirus. This situation may also be understood as the so-called "rejuvenation" of nucleic acid, but This does not belong to the "rejuvenation" in the true sense, but a secondary infection.


                          "The're-yang' situation we really need to worry about is that the patient has a detoxification period after treatment for six months after being infected with the new crown, and it is still contagious. If this happens, it means that the virus is still in the human body. Chronic carrier state, it will be very troublesome. But the current observation and research on the new coronavirus has not found such a situation." Li Taisheng said.

                          As an infectious disease expert who has been dealing with the new crown virus for more than a year, Li Taisheng frankly admitted that the new crown pneumonia, as a new infectious disease, is a new challenge faced by all mankind. All aspects have broken through our previous cognition. Many issues including'Fuyang' still need us to continue to explore and understand. Nowadays, in some places, cured patients are regularly tested by throat swabs, and patients' detoxification conditions are tracked. I think research is necessary."https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_10938422
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