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Single Immunization with Newcastle Disease Virus-Vectored H7N9 Vaccine Confers a Complete Protection Against Challenge with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H7N9 Virus

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  • Single Immunization with Newcastle Disease Virus-Vectored H7N9 Vaccine Confers a Complete Protection Against Challenge with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H7N9 Virus

    Avian Dis. 2018 Dec 17;63(1):61-67. doi: 10.1637/11965-090118-Reg.1.
    Single Immunization with Newcastle Disease Virus-Vectored H7N9 Vaccine Confers a Complete Protection Against Challenge with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H7N9 Virus.

    Shi L1, Hu Z1, Hu J1, Liu D1, He L1, Liu J1, Gu H1, Gan J1, Wang X1, Liu X2,3,4,5.
    Author information

    Abstract

    in English, Spanish
    In the fifth wave of the H7N9 avian influenza epidemic, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A (H7N9) viruses have emerged and pose a great challenge to public health and the poultry industry. In addition, there are apparent genetic and antigenic variations between the classical H7N9 avian influenza virus and the newly-emerged H7N9 virus. Therefore, an antigenic-match vaccine is required for the prevention and control of H7N9 avian influenza in poultry in China. In this study, a recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-vectored vaccine expressing the HA derived from a prevailing HPAI H7N9 virus (GD15) was generated using reverse genetics. The recombinant virus (rAI4HA) showed virus yield and growth capacity in chicken embryos comparable to the parental virus (rAI4). Expression of the HA protein was detected in chicken embryo fibroblasts inoculated with rAI4HA. A chicken immunization study demonstrated that both rAI4HA and rAI4 induced similar anti-NDV hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers at weeks 2, 3, and 4 after a single immunization. However, rAI4HA-immunized chickens had a low seroconversion rate (20%) and negative HI titers against H7N9. Additionally, rAI4HA elicited high levels of H7N9-specifc IgY antibody as measured by ELISA. More importantly, the recombinant vaccine provided a complete protection against a lethal challenge with HPAI H7N9 virus and significantly inhibited virus shedding after a single immunization. Our results suggest that the recombinant NDV-vectored H7N9 vaccine expressing the antigenic-match HA can confer a complete protection against HPAI H7N9 challenge after a single immunization.


    KEYWORDS:

    H7N9 avian influenza virus; Newcastle disease virus; hemagglutinin; highly pathogenic H7N9 virus; vector vaccine

    PMID: 31251520 DOI: 10.1637/11965-090118-Reg.1
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