Studies about H9 virusses showing identity of internal genes with H5 Guangdong like Viruses have been cited in this forum. These identities show the circulation of different subtypes on HK poultry markets, reassortment between them, and they confer some immunicological cross resistance attenuating the impact of HPAI H5 strains. Some of the H9 viruses were isolated in human infection demonstrating the possible threat to public health of H9 viruses.
Here is the description of a class of H6 virusses showing a 7 of 11 gene- identity to H5 viruses. In other words: Quasi "a H5N1 virus with a different HA"
The porential of these viruses is unpredictable:
Here is the description of a class of H6 virusses showing a 7 of 11 gene- identity to H5 viruses. In other words: Quasi "a H5N1 virus with a different HA"
The porential of these viruses is unpredictable:
Molecular Evolution of H6 Influenza Viruses from Poultry in Southeastern China: Prevalence of H6N1 Influenza Viruses Possessing Seven A/Hong Kong/156/97 (H5N1)-Like Genes in Poultry
Journal of Virology, January 2002, p. 507-516, Vol. 76, No. 2
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.2.507-516.2002
P. S. Chin,<SUP>1</SUP><SUP>*</SUP> E. Hoffmann,<SUP>2</SUP> R. Webby,<SUP>2</SUP> R. G. Webster,<SUP>2</SUP> Y. Guan,<SUP>1</SUP> M. Peiris,<SUP>1</SUP> and K. F. Shortridge<SUP>1</SUP>
Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People?s Republic of China,<SUP>1</SUP> Department of Virology, St. Jude Children?s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-2794<SUP>2</SUP> Received 24 July 2001/ Accepted 12 October 2001
<!-- null -->
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" bgColor=#e1e1e1><TBODY><TR><TD vAlign=center align=left width="5%" bgColor=#ffffff></TD><TH vAlign=center align=left width="95%"> ABSTRACT </TH></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE cellPadding=5 align=right border=1><TBODY><TR><TH align=left>Top
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
Discussion
References
</TH></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
The A/teal/Hong Kong/W312/97 (H6N1) influenza virus and the<SUP> </SUP>human H5N1 and H9N2 influenza viruses possess similar genes<SUP> </SUP>encoding internal proteins, suggesting that H6N1 viruses could<SUP> </SUP>become novel human pathogens. The molecular epidemiology and<SUP> </SUP>evolution of H6 influenza viruses were characterized by antigenic<SUP> </SUP>and genetic analyses of 29 H6 influenza viruses isolated from<SUP> </SUP>1975 to 1981 and 1997 to 2000. Two distinct groups were identified<SUP> </SUP>on the basis of their antigenic characteristics. Phylogenetic<SUP> </SUP>analysis revealed that all H6N1 viruses isolated from terrestrial<SUP> </SUP>poultry in 1999 and 2000 are closely related to A/teal/Hong<SUP> </SUP>Kong/W312/97 (H6N1), and the nucleotide sequences of these viruses<SUP> </SUP>and of A/Hong Kong/156/97 (H5N1) were more than 96% homologous.<SUP> </SUP>The hemagglutinin (HA) of the 1999 and 2000 terrestrial viruses<SUP> </SUP>does not have multiple basic amino acids at the site of cleavage<SUP> </SUP>of HA1 to HA2; however, a unique insertion of aspartic acid<SUP> </SUP>in HA1 between positions 144 and 145 (H3 numbering) was found.<SUP> </SUP>The neuraminidase of these terrestrial H6N1 viruses has a deletion<SUP> </SUP>of 19 amino acids characteristic of A/Hong Kong/156/97 (H5N1).<SUP> </SUP>Evolutionary analysis suggested that these H6N1 viruses coevolved<SUP> </SUP>with A/quail/Hong Kong/G1/97-like H9N2 viruses and became more<SUP> </SUP>adapted to terrestrial poultry. These terrestrial 1999 and 2000<SUP> </SUP>A/teal/Hong Kong/W312/97 (H6N1)-like viruses, along with the<SUP> </SUP>H9N2 viruses, could have been involved in the genesis of the<SUP> </SUP>pathogenic H5N1 influenza viruses of 1997. The presence of H6N1<SUP> </SUP>viruses in poultry markets in Hong Kong that possess seven of<SUP> </SUP>the eight genes of the A/Hong Kong/156/97 (H5N1) virus raises<SUP> </SUP>the following fundamental questions relevant to influenza pandemic<SUP> </SUP>preparedness: could the pathogenic H5N1 virus reemerge and could<SUP> </SUP>the H6N1 viruses directly cross the species barrier to mammals?<SUP> </SUP>
<SUP></SUP>
<SUP>Full text</SUP>
Journal of Virology, January 2002, p. 507-516, Vol. 76, No. 2
0022-538X/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.2.507-516.2002
P. S. Chin,<SUP>1</SUP><SUP>*</SUP> E. Hoffmann,<SUP>2</SUP> R. Webby,<SUP>2</SUP> R. G. Webster,<SUP>2</SUP> Y. Guan,<SUP>1</SUP> M. Peiris,<SUP>1</SUP> and K. F. Shortridge<SUP>1</SUP>
Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People?s Republic of China,<SUP>1</SUP> Department of Virology, St. Jude Children?s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-2794<SUP>2</SUP> Received 24 July 2001/ Accepted 12 October 2001
<!-- null -->
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" bgColor=#e1e1e1><TBODY><TR><TD vAlign=center align=left width="5%" bgColor=#ffffff></TD><TH vAlign=center align=left width="95%"> ABSTRACT </TH></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE cellPadding=5 align=right border=1><TBODY><TR><TH align=left>Top
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
Discussion
References
</TH></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
The A/teal/Hong Kong/W312/97 (H6N1) influenza virus and the<SUP> </SUP>human H5N1 and H9N2 influenza viruses possess similar genes<SUP> </SUP>encoding internal proteins, suggesting that H6N1 viruses could<SUP> </SUP>become novel human pathogens. The molecular epidemiology and<SUP> </SUP>evolution of H6 influenza viruses were characterized by antigenic<SUP> </SUP>and genetic analyses of 29 H6 influenza viruses isolated from<SUP> </SUP>1975 to 1981 and 1997 to 2000. Two distinct groups were identified<SUP> </SUP>on the basis of their antigenic characteristics. Phylogenetic<SUP> </SUP>analysis revealed that all H6N1 viruses isolated from terrestrial<SUP> </SUP>poultry in 1999 and 2000 are closely related to A/teal/Hong<SUP> </SUP>Kong/W312/97 (H6N1), and the nucleotide sequences of these viruses<SUP> </SUP>and of A/Hong Kong/156/97 (H5N1) were more than 96% homologous.<SUP> </SUP>The hemagglutinin (HA) of the 1999 and 2000 terrestrial viruses<SUP> </SUP>does not have multiple basic amino acids at the site of cleavage<SUP> </SUP>of HA1 to HA2; however, a unique insertion of aspartic acid<SUP> </SUP>in HA1 between positions 144 and 145 (H3 numbering) was found.<SUP> </SUP>The neuraminidase of these terrestrial H6N1 viruses has a deletion<SUP> </SUP>of 19 amino acids characteristic of A/Hong Kong/156/97 (H5N1).<SUP> </SUP>Evolutionary analysis suggested that these H6N1 viruses coevolved<SUP> </SUP>with A/quail/Hong Kong/G1/97-like H9N2 viruses and became more<SUP> </SUP>adapted to terrestrial poultry. These terrestrial 1999 and 2000<SUP> </SUP>A/teal/Hong Kong/W312/97 (H6N1)-like viruses, along with the<SUP> </SUP>H9N2 viruses, could have been involved in the genesis of the<SUP> </SUP>pathogenic H5N1 influenza viruses of 1997. The presence of H6N1<SUP> </SUP>viruses in poultry markets in Hong Kong that possess seven of<SUP> </SUP>the eight genes of the A/Hong Kong/156/97 (H5N1) virus raises<SUP> </SUP>the following fundamental questions relevant to influenza pandemic<SUP> </SUP>preparedness: could the pathogenic H5N1 virus reemerge and could<SUP> </SUP>the H6N1 viruses directly cross the species barrier to mammals?<SUP> </SUP>
<SUP></SUP>
<SUP>Full text</SUP>
Comment