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J Infect Dis. 2019 May 3. pii: jiz201. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz201. [Epub ahead of print]
Birth Cohort Effects in Influenza Surveillance Data: Evidence that First Influenza Infection Affects Later Influenza-Associated Illness.
Budd AP1, Beacham L1,2, Smith CB1, Garten RJ1, Reed C1, Kniss K1, Mustaquim D1, Ahmad FB3, Cummings CN1, Garg S1, Levine MZ1, Fry AM1, Brammer L1.
Author information
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
The evolution of influenza A viruses results in birth cohorts that have different initial influenza virus exposures. Historically, A/H3 predominant seasons have been associated with more severe influenza-associated disease; however, since the 2009 pandemic there are suggestions that some birth cohorts experience more severe illness in A/H1 predominant seasons.
METHODS:
U.S. influenza virologic, hospitalization and mortality surveillance data during 2000-2017 were analyzed for cohorts born between 1918 and 1989 that likely had different initial influenza virus exposures based on viruses circulating during early childhood. Relative risk/rate during H3 compared to H1 predominant seasons during pre-pandemic versus pandemic and later periods were calculated for each cohort.
RESULTS:
During the pre-pandemic period, all cohorts had more influenza-associated disease during H3 predominant seasons than H1 predominant seasons. During the pandemic and later period, four cohorts had higher hospitalization and mortality rates during H1 predominant seasons than H3 predominant seasons.
DISCUSSION:
Birth cohort differences in risk of influenza-associated disease by influenza A virus subtype can be seen in U.S. influenza surveillance data and differ between pre-pandemic and pandemic and later periods. As the population ages, the amount of influenza-associated disease may be greater in future H1 predominant seasons than H3 predominant seasons.
Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2019. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.
KEYWORDS:
birth cohort; influenza; influenza hospitalization; influenza morality; influenza surveillance
PMID: 31053844 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz201
Birth Cohort Effects in Influenza Surveillance Data: Evidence that First Influenza Infection Affects Later Influenza-Associated Illness.
Budd AP1, Beacham L1,2, Smith CB1, Garten RJ1, Reed C1, Kniss K1, Mustaquim D1, Ahmad FB3, Cummings CN1, Garg S1, Levine MZ1, Fry AM1, Brammer L1.
Author information
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
The evolution of influenza A viruses results in birth cohorts that have different initial influenza virus exposures. Historically, A/H3 predominant seasons have been associated with more severe influenza-associated disease; however, since the 2009 pandemic there are suggestions that some birth cohorts experience more severe illness in A/H1 predominant seasons.
METHODS:
U.S. influenza virologic, hospitalization and mortality surveillance data during 2000-2017 were analyzed for cohorts born between 1918 and 1989 that likely had different initial influenza virus exposures based on viruses circulating during early childhood. Relative risk/rate during H3 compared to H1 predominant seasons during pre-pandemic versus pandemic and later periods were calculated for each cohort.
RESULTS:
During the pre-pandemic period, all cohorts had more influenza-associated disease during H3 predominant seasons than H1 predominant seasons. During the pandemic and later period, four cohorts had higher hospitalization and mortality rates during H1 predominant seasons than H3 predominant seasons.
DISCUSSION:
Birth cohort differences in risk of influenza-associated disease by influenza A virus subtype can be seen in U.S. influenza surveillance data and differ between pre-pandemic and pandemic and later periods. As the population ages, the amount of influenza-associated disease may be greater in future H1 predominant seasons than H3 predominant seasons.
Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2019. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.
KEYWORDS:
birth cohort; influenza; influenza hospitalization; influenza morality; influenza surveillance
PMID: 31053844 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz201