Novel Antiviral Activities of Obatoclax, Emetine, Niclosamide, Brequinar, and Homoharringtonine

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Viruses. 2019 Oct 18;11(10). pii: E964. doi: 10.3390/v11100964. Novel Antiviral Activities of Obatoclax, Emetine, Niclosamide, Brequinar, and Homoharringtonine.

Andersen PI¹, Krpina K², Ianevski A³, Shtaida N⁴, Jo E⁵, Yang J⁶, Koit S⁷, Tenson T⁸, Hukkanen V⁹, Anthonsen MW¹⁰, Bjoras M¹¹, Evander M¹², Windisch MP¹³, Zusinaite E¹⁴, Kainov DE^15,16.
Author information

1 Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7028 Trondheim, Norway. petteria@stud.ntnu.no. 2 Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7028 Trondheim, Norway. klarak@stud.ntnu.no. 3 Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7028 Trondheim, Norway. aleksandr.ianevski@ntnu.no. 4 Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia. nastassia.shtaida@ut.ee. 5 Applied Molecular Virology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Sampyung-dong 696, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. eunji.jo@ip-korea.org. 6 Applied Molecular Virology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Sampyung-dong 696, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. jaewon.yang@ip-korea.org. 7 Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia. sandra.koit@ut.ee. 8 Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia. tanel.tenson@ut.ee. 9 Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland. veijo.hukkanen@utu.fi. 10 Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7028 Trondheim, Norway. marit.w.anthonsen@ntnu.no. 11 Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7028 Trondheim, Norway. magnar.bjoras@ntnu.no. 12 Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology, Ume? University, 90185 Ume?, Sweden. magnus.evander@umu.se. 13 Applied Molecular Virology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Sampyung-dong 696, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. magnus.evander@umu.se. 14 Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia. eva.zusinaite@ut.ee. 15 Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7028 Trondheim, Norway. denis.kainov@ntnu.no. 16 Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia. denis.kainov@ntnu.no.

Abstract

Viruses are the major causes of acute and chronic infectious diseases in the world. According to the World Health Organization, there is an urgent need for better control of viral diseases. Repurposing existing antiviral agents from one viral disease to another could play a pivotal role in this process. Here, we identified novel activities of obatoclax and emetine against herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), echovirus 1 (EV1), human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) in cell cultures. Moreover, we demonstrated novel activities of emetine against influenza A virus (FLUAV), niclosamide against HSV-2, brequinar against human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1), and homoharringtonine against EV1. Our findings may expand the spectrum of indications of these safe-in-man agents and reinforce the arsenal of available antiviral therapeutics pending the results of further in vitro and in vivo tests.


KEYWORDS:

antiviral agent; broad-spectrum antiviral; drug target; systems biology; virus

PMID: 31635418 DOI: 10.3390/v11100964
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