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Worse Than the Disease? Reviewing Some Possible Unintended Consequences of the mRNA Vaccines Against COVID-19

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  • Worse Than the Disease? Reviewing Some Possible Unintended Consequences of the mRNA Vaccines Against COVID-19

    Abstract

    2021-05-10

    Operation Warp Speed brought to market in the United States two mRNA vaccines, produced by Pfizer and Moderna. Interim data suggested high efficacy for both of these vaccines, which helped legitimize Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) by the FDA. However, the exceptionally rapid movement of these vaccines through controlled trials and into mass deployment raises multiple safety concerns. In this review we first describe the technology underlying these vaccines in detail.

    We then review both components of and the intended biological response to these vaccines, including production of the spike protein itself, and their potential relationship to a wide range of both acute and long-term induced pathologies, such as blood disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and autoimmune diseases. Among these potential induced pathologies, we discuss the relevance of prion-protein-related amino acid sequences within the spike protein.

    We also present a brief review of studies supporting the potential for spike protein ?shedding?, transmission of the protein from a vaccinated to an unvaccinated person, resulting in symptoms induced in the latter.

    We finish by addressing a common point of debate, namely, whether or not these vaccines could modify the DNA of those receiving the vaccination. While there are no studies demonstrating definitively that this is happening, we provide a plausible scenario, supported by previously established pathways for transformation and transport of genetic material, whereby injected mRNA could ultimately be incorporated into germ cell DNA for transgenerational transmission.

    We conclude with our recommendations regarding surveillance that will help to clarify the long-term effects of these experimental drugs and allow us to better assess the true risk/benefit ratio of these novel technologies.



    LINK TO FULL ARTICLE - PDF
    vaccines, vaccine theory, vaccine research, vaccine practice, medical toxicants, medical toxins, vaccine contaminants, vaccine excipients, vaccine adjuvants, vaccine pathogens, vaccine toxoids, targeted pathogens, vaccine policy, vaccine policies, vaccine trials, vaccination, lateral transmission of targeted pathogens, disease prevention, vaccine enhancements, herd immunity doctrine, vaccine distribution, vaccine uptake, vaccine licensing, vaccinated versus unvaccinated populations, vaccine adverse events, vaccine trajectories, vaccine manufacture, vaccine quality control
    ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
    Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

    ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

  • #2
    Author Biographies

    Stephanie Seneff, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge MA, 02139, USA
    Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge MA, 02139, USA

    Dr. Nigh, Naturopathic Oncology, Immersion Health, Portland, OR 97214, USA
    Naturopathic Oncology, Immersion Health, Portland, OR 97214, USA

    ----------------------------------------

    Okieman Comment; I have not read the study, but the credentials of the authors cause me to immediately have questions.

    Comment


    • #3
      Um.....take a look at the editorial board of this brand new journal that started a year ago. 'Nuff said. Not interested in debating anyone about this article or this journal. All I will say is reader beware.

      Comment


    • #4
      Firstly - I am firmly of the opinion that risks of Covid infection far, far outweigh the risks of vaccination, and that as understanding grows of the processes and pathogenesis of these risks, 'we' will come up with good strategies to mitigate any risks that may be present.

      With that said, there DOES appear to be some foundation for some of the vaccine hesitancy / concerns, and we need to look at and discuss these to both quantify those risks and then place them in perspective.

      One of the anti-vax arguments I keep seeing is fears over the purported ability of vaccines to 'alter' DNA. Whilst I have not delved too far into this, it has to be acknowledged that our DNA does indeed carry genetic markers and imprints from past infections of ourselves and our ancestors, so this perhaps is not as far fetched as it sounds. Does it matter? That is another question. This recent study does provide some food for thought as well as shedding some light perhaps on this issue, and it does need further evaluation about what long term effects there may be. One thing is clear - if this is a problem and is indeed occurring, it is far more likely from an active Covid-19 infection rather than the vaccine.

      The study authors have good credentials IMHO.

      Reverse-transcribed SARS-CoV-2 RNA can integrate into the genome of cultured human cells and can be expressed in patient-derived tissues


      Significance


      An unresolved issue of SARS-CoV-2 disease is that patients often remain positive for viral RNA as detected by PCR many weeks after the initial infection in the absence of evidence for viral replication. We show here that SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be reverse-transcribed and integrated into the genome of the infected cell and be expressed as chimeric transcripts fusing viral with cellular sequences. Importantly, such chimeric transcripts are detected in patient-derived tissues. Our data suggest that, in some patient tissues, the majority of all viral transcripts are derived from integrated sequences. Our data provide an insight into the consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infections that may help to explain why patients can continue to produce viral RNA after recovery.

      Comment


      • #5
        The questions raised in the article circulate widely in media. They deserve to be adressed?

        Long term effects of mRNA vaccins are not known, surveillance seems to be necessary. Can we say without doubt: adverse effects will be documented?
        ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
        Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

        ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

        Comment


        • Emily
          Emily commented
          Editing a comment
          I agree surveillance should be done. I would have liked to see the vaccine promotion limited to people who are at high risk of infection, or families of high risk people who cannot produce immunity to the vaccines, such as some with certain blood cancers.

      • #6
        Sciencemag has an article about the research study Vibrant posted. Critics feared the research would stoke fears about vaccines.

        Further evidence supports controversial claim that SARS-CoV-2 genes can integrate with human DNA

        It is used as a reference for the paper Gert posted, by the way. They have almost 10 pages of other references. I don't think we know if the vaccines are any less likely to affect DNA than the virus. There are no tissue samples of vaccinated people being studied.

        _____________________________________________

        Ask Congress to Investigate COVID Origins and Government Response to Pandemic.

        i love myself. the quietest. simplest. most powerful. revolution ever. ---- nayyirah waheed

        "...there’s an obvious contest that’s happening between different sectors of the colonial ruling class in this country. And they would, if they could, lump us into their beef, their struggle." ---- Omali Yeshitela, African People’s Socialist Party

        (My posts are not intended as advice or professional assessments of any kind.)
        Never forget Excalibur.

        Comment


        • #7
          Is it theoretically possible for vaccine mRNA to get incorporated in human DNA? Yes.
          Is it any more likely than from natural infection or a Ad vectored vaccine ? No - it should be less likely.
          Might it get incorporated in germ line DNA? Vanishingly unlikely.

          Why?
          Retroviruses insert their genetic material in the hosts genetic material so it can be reproduced but corona viruses do not. The mRNA in a mRNA vaccine is deposited in the cytosol where the host cellular machinery translates it in to Spike protein. To get incorporated in the host DNA it would need to be transported into the the nucleus but the cell does not do this it makes mRNA in the nucleus and transports it out. In viral replication all of the mRNA is in the cytosol, as that is where transcription takes place, only vRNA is taken into nucleus to make more vRNA for packaging in to the next generation of virions. The mRNA vaccines do not do this but natural infection does and it is at this point that copying mistakes might occur with some vRNA being reverse transcribed and ending up in the host genome.
          Does this matter? Not a lot as in CoVs this is all going on in epithelial cell which will probably die without dividing and if they did it would only be to make more epithelial cells.To be of any consequence this would have to be occurring in an egg or sperm cell where it could be passed on to subsequent generations but I have seen nothing to suggest there is much, if any, viral replication going on away from the respiratory tract. About 40% of the human genome is thought to have been picked up by accident but over a billion years and most does nothing, some is now essential to our survival and a very small part is harmful.
          All in all intellectually interesting but in practical terms a non-story.

          Comment


          • #8
            Thanks JJackson - This paper says about the same.

            Host-virus chimeric events in SARS-CoV2 infected cells are infrequent and artifactual

            May 12, 2021

            In conclusion, our findings indicate that HVC events observed in RNA-sequencing libraries from SARS-CoV2 infected cells are extremely rare and are likely artifacts arising from either random template switching of reverse-transcriptase and/or sequence alignment errors. Therefore, the observed HVC events do not support SARS-CoV2 fusion to cellular genes and/or integration into human genomes.

            https://jvi.asm.org/content/early/20...7/JVI.00294-21
            ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
            Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

            ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

            Comment


            • #9
              Another interesting read --> Do coronavirus genes slip into human chromosomes?

              Comment


              • #10
                The researchers didn't just examine patient epithelial tissues. They had lung, liver, heart, stomach, buffy coat cells and brain tissue. (The stomach tissue was from an 11-yr-old child.)

                These may have been all or mostly severe (fatal) cases. In the far more common milder illness epithelial tissue may be all that is involved in natural infection, but vaccination could be different.

                The article below is exploring the blood disorders linked to the natural virus infection and the vaccines and discusses how different the presentation and distribution of the spike is to the body in the two cases. So it is possible that if genome integration is happening in severe COVID, it may also be more common in the vaccinated than in those who had milder natural infections.

                That must be why some scientists made such a fuss about this rather esoteric research and tried to suppress publication. That seems silly to me since the DNA change has as much chance of being favorable as unfavorable as far as I know.


                _____________________________________________

                Ask Congress to Investigate COVID Origins and Government Response to Pandemic.

                i love myself. the quietest. simplest. most powerful. revolution ever. ---- nayyirah waheed

                "...there’s an obvious contest that’s happening between different sectors of the colonial ruling class in this country. And they would, if they could, lump us into their beef, their struggle." ---- Omali Yeshitela, African People’s Socialist Party

                (My posts are not intended as advice or professional assessments of any kind.)
                Never forget Excalibur.

                Comment


                • #11
                  TWiV 756 looks at the this in more depth - they are not impressed by the science.
                  TWiV returns to the 2012 brouhaha over transmission experiments with avian H5N1 influenza virus, re-examines the claim of SARS-CoV-2 RNA integration into human DNA, and reviews the engineering and testing of a genetically stable version of the attenuated type 2 Sabin poliovirus vaccine.

                  Comment


                  • #12
                    Did Pfizer Fail to Perform industry Standard Animal Testing Prior to Initiation of mRNA Clinical Trials?

                    28 May 2021

                    TrialSite has learned of material information regarding mRNA vaccine safety revealed by a freedom of information act (FOIA) request filed by a group of Canadian physicians. These doctors have become concerned about COVID-19 mRNA vaccine safety. This new safety information involves the Pfizer mRNA-based vaccine known as BNT162b2 or “Comirnaty.” The FOIA documents reveal animal study results demonstrating that the Pfizer mRNA-based vaccine does not remain at the injection site, but rather appears to spread widely after injection. According to the documents, pre-clinical studies show that the active part of the vaccine (mRNA-lipid nanoparticles), which produce the spike protein, spreads throughout the body and is then concentrated in various organs, including the ovaries and spleen. The FOIA-produced data sets are incomplete, so the full meaning of these data cannot be determined at this time. TrialSite has also learned via regulatory documents that apparently (at least in their European Medicines Agency submission), Pfizer did not follow industry-standard quality management practices during preclinical toxicology studies during vaccines, as key studies did not meet good laboratory practice (GLP). The full panel of industry-standard reproductive toxicity and genotoxicity studies were apparently also not performed. But does this matter in light of the risk-benefit analysis associated with regulatory emergency use authorization (EUA)?

                    https://trialsitenews.com/did-pfizer...inical-trials/



                    The discovery and review of the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics data obtained by the FOIA request underscores the reservations disclosed in the public EMA assessment. Although not performed to industry GLP standards, these results seem to indicate that lipid/mRNA nanoparticles, which code for the Spike protein, circulate throughout the body and then collect in a variety of organs and tissues, including the spleen and ovaries. This means that the vaccine is not remaining localized near the injection site and draining lymph nodes, but rather is also circulating in both blood and lymph and is subsequently concentrating in important organs. If this results in Spike protein being produced in unintended places including the brain, ovaries, and spleen, it may also be causing the immune system to attack these organs and tissues.
                    ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
                    Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

                    ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

                    Comment


                  • #13
                    Future considerations for the mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccine platform

                    Curr Opin Virol. 2021 Jun; 48: 65–72.
                    Published online 2021 Apr 24. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.03.008

                    Abstract

                    Vaccines based on mRNA-containing lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) pioneered by Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman at the University of Pennsylvania are a promising new vaccine platform used by two of the leading vaccines against coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19). However, there are many questions regarding their mechanism of action in humans that remain unanswered. Here we consider the immunological features of LNP components and off-target effects of the mRNA, both of which could increase the risk of side effects. We suggest ways to mitigate these potential risks by harnessing dendritic cell (DC) biology.

                    .................................................. ......................................


                    Innate immune features of LNPs


                    The phospholipid and cholesterol components of the LNPs also occur naturally in the mammalian cell membranes. Thus, they are unlikely to trigger any significant innate immune recognition and inflammatory responses. A less natural component of the LNPs is the cationic/ionizable lipid. Some cationic/ionizable lipids can induce inflammation by activating TLR pathways [8, 9, 10,11•] and cell toxicity [7•]. The LNPs that were widely used in preclinical vaccine studies and similar in composition to the ones used for the human SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were shown to have adjuvant effect when complexed with mRNA [12]. However, the potentially inflammatory nature of this mRNA-LNPs platform has not been assessed [1,12]. The LNP component in this platform contains proprietary ionizable lipid and supports the induction of robust humoral immune responses [12]. Humans receiving the mRNA-LNP based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines often presented with typical side effects of inflammation, such as pain, swelling, and fever [3•]. Since the mRNA of these platforms are nucleoside modified to decrease innate immune recognition and activation [13], we hypothesized that this mRNA-LNP platform’s adjuvant activity could stem from the LNPs’ inflammatory properties. Indeed, we recently reported that the LNP component of the mRNA-LNP platform used in preclinical studies is highly inflammatory [14]. Intradermal injection of these LNPs alone or in combination with non-coding poly-cytosine mRNA led to rapid and robust innate inflammatory responses, characterized by neutrophil infiltration, activation of diverse inflammatory pathways, and production of various inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The same dose of LNP delivered intranasally led to similar inflammatory responses in the lung and resulted in a high mortality rate. As expected, based on previous literature [7•], the inflammatory nature of these proprietary LNPs was dependent on the ionizable lipid component. Furthermore, LNPs lacking the ionizable lipid failed to support the generation of adaptive immune responses (manuscript under review). Thus, these LNPs’ potent adjuvant activity and reported superiority comparing to other adjuvants in supporting the induction of adaptive immune responses could stem from the inflammatory nature of the ionizable lipid component. These preclinical LNPs assessed by us are similar to those used for human vaccines. Thus, the inflammatory milieu induced by the LNPs could be partially responsible for reported side effects of mRNA-LNP based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in humans, and are possibly contributory to their reported high potency for eliciting protective immunity (Figure 1 ). Whether with repeated injections, innate memory responses [15] to the ionizable lipid component of the LNPs will form and contribute to the adaptive immune responses’ and side effects' modulation remains to be determined.

                    .................................................. ...........................

                    Off-target effects of vaccine mRNA

                    Based on the current mRNA-LNP vaccine design, LNPs can be taken up by almost any cell type, near or far from the site of injection, transfecting them with the antigen-encoding mRNA [19]. Moreover, the mRNA used in these vaccines are nucleoside-modified to decrease inflammatory responses [13] and increase its stability in vivo, allowing extended periods of mRNA translation [20,21]. Also, a significant portion of the mRNA can be re-packaged and expelled from transfected cells in extracellular vesicles (EVs) [22••]. These vesicles could reach cells far from the injection site, further increasing the number of cells translating the antigen and extending the duration of its expression.

                    Long-term mRNA translation in non-professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) might lead to unanticipated cell killing. Similar to any other self-proteins, synthesized vaccine proteins have access to antigen presentation on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules on any nucleated cells [23]. Thus, any cell presenting antigenic determinants from the vaccine could become a target of T cell-mediated killing. The so called ‘Covid-arm’, a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction, that develops in some patients several days after vaccination [24•], could be indeed an indication of effector CD8+ T cell responses targeting the cells expressing the vaccine-derived peptides. Furthermore, if vaccine-derived proteins become inserted into the plasma membrane or secreted and associated with the cell membrane, these cells could become targets of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) [25]. Both CD8+ T cell-mediated killing and ADCC should become evident after an adaptive immune response has been generated and may be accentuated upon secondary immunization in the presence of memory cells and preformed antibodies (Figure 2 ). In line with this, systemic adverse events from the mRNA-LNP based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were indeed more common after the second vaccination, particularly with the highest dose [3•]. Strategies that allow delivery of the mRNA exclusively to DCs may limit the possible off-target effects. For this purpose LNPs should be conjugated to DC-targeting antibodies or ligands, such as anti-Langerin, anti-CLEC9A, anti-DEC205, mannose, and so on [26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33].
                    ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
                    Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

                    ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

                    Comment

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