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Unidades relacionadas con niveles de radiaci?n 
English to Spanish translation no editada
De uso frecuente m?ltiplos del SI son el milisievert (mSv 1 Sv = 3.10) y microsievert (1 μSv = 6.10 Sv) o (1 mSv = 0,001 Sv) y (1 μSv = 0.000001 Sv).
Una unidad m?s antigua de la dosis equivalente es el rem (R?ntgen equivalente hombre [sic]). En algunos ?mbitos y pa?ses, el real y el milirem (mrem abreviado) se siguen utilizando, junto con Sv y mSv, causando confusi?n [cita requerida]. Aqu? est?n las equivalencias de conversi?n:
* 1 Sv = 1 000 mSv (milisievert) = 1.000.000 μSv (microsieverts) = 100 reales = 100.000 mrem (milirem)
* 1 mSv = 100 mrem = 0,1 reales
* 1 μSv = 0,1 mrem
* 1 rem = 0,01 Sv = 10 mSv
* 1 mrem Sv = 0,00001 = 0,01 mSv = 10 μSv
[Editar] Puntos de referencia de la dosis
* Vivir cerca de una estaci?n de energ?a nuclear = menos de 0,01 mSv / a?o
* Pecho de rayos X = 0,04 mSv [1]
* La radiaci?n c?smica (del cielo) a nivel del mar = 0,24 mSv / a?o [1]
* Terrestre la radiaci?n (de tierra) = 0,28 mSv / [un a?o]
* Mamograf?a = 0,30 mSv [1]
* La radiaci?n natural en el cuerpo humano = 0,40 mSv / a?o [1]
* Cerebro TC = 0.8-5 mSv [2]
* Individuales t?picos de la radiaci?n natural de fondo: 2 mSv / a?o, 1,5 mSv / a?o para los australianos, 3 mSv / a?o para los estadounidenses [3]
* El rad?n en el hogar promedio de EE.UU. = 2 mSv / a?o [1]
* Tomograf?a computarizada del t?rax = 6.18 mSv [2]
* Promedio de American exposici?n a la radiaci?n total: 6,2 mSv / a?o [4]
* Nueva York, Tokio vuelos para personal de la aerol?nea: 9mSv/year [3]
* Fumar 1.5 paquetes / d?a = 13 mSv / [5] a?os
* Serie gastrointestinal de rayos X de investigaci?n = 14 mSv [1]
* L?mite de la media actual de los trabajadores nucleares: 20 mSv / a?o [3]
* Antecedentes de radiaci?n en algunas partes de Ir?n, India y Europa: 50 mSv / a?o [3]
* Bajo nivel claramente cancer?genos: 100 mSv / a?o [3]
* Criterio para el traslado despu?s de la cat?strofe de Chernobyl: 350 mSv / curso de la vida [3]
[Editar] S?ntomas Los puntos de referencia
Efectos en los humanos de la radiaci?n aguda (dentro de un d?a): [6]
* 0-0.25 Sv: Ninguno
* 0.25 a 1 Sv: Algunas personas sienten n?useas y p?rdida de apetito, la m?dula ?sea, los ganglios linf?ticos, el bazo da?ado.
* 3.1 Sv: leve a n?useas, p?rdida de apetito, infecci?n, la m?dula ?sea m?s severa, los ganglios linf?ticos, el bazo, la recuperaci?n probable, no seguro.
* 3.6 Sv: n?usea severa, p?rdida de apetito, hemorragia, infecci?n, diarrea, exfoliaciones de la piel, esterilidad, la muerte si no se trata.
* 06.10 Sv: Por encima de los s?ntomas m?s deterioro del sistema nervioso central, la muerte espera.
* M?s de 10 Sv: incapacitaci?n y la muerte.
[Editar] Explicaci?n
Varios t?rminos son utilizados con esta unidad:
* Dosis equivalente
* Dosis equivalente ambiental
* Dosis equivalente direccional
* Equivalente de dosis personal
* ?rgano equivalente de dosis
El milisievert se utiliza habitualmente para medir la dosis efectiva en el diagn?stico de los procedimientos m?dicos (por ejemplo, los rayos X, medicina nuclear, tomograf?a por emisi?n de positrones y tomograf?a computarizada). La tasa natural de fondo dosis efectiva var?a considerablemente de un lugar a otro, pero normalmente es de alrededor de 2,4 mSv / a?o [2] (pdf).
Dado el modelo lineal sin umbral de respuesta de la radiaci?n, la dosis colectiva que una poblaci?n est? expuesta a se mide en "hombre-Sievert" (hombre ? Sv).
__________________________________________________ __________________
The sievert (symbol: Sv) is the SI derived unit of dose equivalent. It attempts to quantitatively evaluate the biological effects of radiation as opposed to the physical aspects, which are characterised by the absorbed dose, measured in gray. It is named after Rolf Sievert, a Swedish medical physicist renowned for work on radiation dosage measurement and research into the biological effects of radiation.
Frequently used SI multiples are the millisievert (1 mSv = 10−3 Sv) and microsievert (1 μSv = 10−6 Sv) or (1 mSv = 0.001 Sv) and (1 μSv = 0.000001 Sv).
An older unit of the equivalent dose is the rem (R?ntgen equivalent man[sic]). In some fields and countries, the rem and millirem (abbreviated mrem) continue to be used along with Sv and mSv, causing confusion[citation needed]. Here are the conversion equivalences:
* 1 Sv = 1000 mSv (millisieverts) = 1,000,000 μSv (microsieverts) = 100 rem = 100,000 mrem (millirem)
* 1 mSv = 100 mrem = 0.1 rem
* 1 μSv = 0.1 mrem
* 1 rem = 0.01 Sv = 10 mSv
* 1 mrem = 0.00001 Sv = 0.01 mSv = 10 μSv
[edit] Dose Benchmarks
* Living near a nuclear power station = less than 0.01 mSv/year
* Chest x-ray = 0.04 mSv[1]
* Cosmic radiation (from sky) at sea level = 0.24 mSv/year[1]
* Terrestrial radiation (from ground) = 0.28 mSv/year[1]
* Mammogram = 0.30 mSv[1]
* Natural radiation in the human body = 0.40 mSv/year[1]
* Brain CT scan = 0.8?5 mSv[2]
* Typical individual's natural background radiation: 2 mSv/year; 1.5 mSv/year for Australians, 3 mSv/year for Americans[3]
* Radon in the average US home = 2 mSv/year[1]
* Chest CT scan = 6?18 mSv[2]
* Average American's total radiation exposure: 6.2 mSv/year[4]
* New York-Tokyo flights for airline crew: 9mSv/year [3]
* Smoking 1.5 packs/day = 13 mSv/year[5]
* Gastrointestinal series X-ray investigation = 14 mSv[1]
* Current average limit for nuclear workers: 20 mSv/year[3]
* Background radiation in parts of Iran, India and Europe: 50 mSv/year[3]
* Lowest clearly carcinogenic level: 100 mSv/year[3]
* Criterion for relocation after Chernobyl disaster: 350 mSv/lifetime[3]
[edit] Symptom Benchmarks
Effects to humans of acute radiation (within one day):[6]
* 0?0.25 Sv: None
* 0.25?1 Sv: Some people feel nausea and loss of appetite; bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen damaged.
* 1?3 Sv: Mild to severe nausea, loss of appetite, infection; more severe bone marrow, lymph node, spleen damage; recovery probable, not assured.
* 3?6 Sv: Severe nausea, loss of appetite; hemorrhaging, infection, diarrhea, skin peels, sterility; death if untreated.
* 6?10 Sv: Above symptoms plus central nervous system impairment; death expected.
* Above 10 Sv: Incapacitation and death.
[edit] Explanation
Various terms are used with this unit:
* Dose equivalent
* Ambient dose equivalent
* Directional dose equivalent
* Personal dose equivalent
* Organ equivalent dose
The millisievert is commonly used to measure the effective dose in diagnostic medical procedures (e.g., X-rays, nuclear medicine, positron emission tomography, and computed tomography). The natural background effective dose rate varies considerably from place to place, but typically is around 2.4 mSv/year [2] (pdf).
Given the linear no-threshold model of radiation response, the collective dose that a population is exposed to is measured in "man-Sievert" (man?Sv).
English to Spanish translation no editada
De uso frecuente m?ltiplos del SI son el milisievert (mSv 1 Sv = 3.10) y microsievert (1 μSv = 6.10 Sv) o (1 mSv = 0,001 Sv) y (1 μSv = 0.000001 Sv).
Una unidad m?s antigua de la dosis equivalente es el rem (R?ntgen equivalente hombre [sic]). En algunos ?mbitos y pa?ses, el real y el milirem (mrem abreviado) se siguen utilizando, junto con Sv y mSv, causando confusi?n [cita requerida]. Aqu? est?n las equivalencias de conversi?n:
* 1 Sv = 1 000 mSv (milisievert) = 1.000.000 μSv (microsieverts) = 100 reales = 100.000 mrem (milirem)
* 1 mSv = 100 mrem = 0,1 reales
* 1 μSv = 0,1 mrem
* 1 rem = 0,01 Sv = 10 mSv
* 1 mrem Sv = 0,00001 = 0,01 mSv = 10 μSv
[Editar] Puntos de referencia de la dosis
* Vivir cerca de una estaci?n de energ?a nuclear = menos de 0,01 mSv / a?o
* Pecho de rayos X = 0,04 mSv [1]
* La radiaci?n c?smica (del cielo) a nivel del mar = 0,24 mSv / a?o [1]
* Terrestre la radiaci?n (de tierra) = 0,28 mSv / [un a?o]
* Mamograf?a = 0,30 mSv [1]
* La radiaci?n natural en el cuerpo humano = 0,40 mSv / a?o [1]
* Cerebro TC = 0.8-5 mSv [2]
* Individuales t?picos de la radiaci?n natural de fondo: 2 mSv / a?o, 1,5 mSv / a?o para los australianos, 3 mSv / a?o para los estadounidenses [3]
* El rad?n en el hogar promedio de EE.UU. = 2 mSv / a?o [1]
* Tomograf?a computarizada del t?rax = 6.18 mSv [2]
* Promedio de American exposici?n a la radiaci?n total: 6,2 mSv / a?o [4]
* Nueva York, Tokio vuelos para personal de la aerol?nea: 9mSv/year [3]
* Fumar 1.5 paquetes / d?a = 13 mSv / [5] a?os
* Serie gastrointestinal de rayos X de investigaci?n = 14 mSv [1]
* L?mite de la media actual de los trabajadores nucleares: 20 mSv / a?o [3]
* Antecedentes de radiaci?n en algunas partes de Ir?n, India y Europa: 50 mSv / a?o [3]
* Bajo nivel claramente cancer?genos: 100 mSv / a?o [3]
* Criterio para el traslado despu?s de la cat?strofe de Chernobyl: 350 mSv / curso de la vida [3]
[Editar] S?ntomas Los puntos de referencia
Efectos en los humanos de la radiaci?n aguda (dentro de un d?a): [6]
* 0-0.25 Sv: Ninguno
* 0.25 a 1 Sv: Algunas personas sienten n?useas y p?rdida de apetito, la m?dula ?sea, los ganglios linf?ticos, el bazo da?ado.
* 3.1 Sv: leve a n?useas, p?rdida de apetito, infecci?n, la m?dula ?sea m?s severa, los ganglios linf?ticos, el bazo, la recuperaci?n probable, no seguro.
* 3.6 Sv: n?usea severa, p?rdida de apetito, hemorragia, infecci?n, diarrea, exfoliaciones de la piel, esterilidad, la muerte si no se trata.
* 06.10 Sv: Por encima de los s?ntomas m?s deterioro del sistema nervioso central, la muerte espera.
* M?s de 10 Sv: incapacitaci?n y la muerte.
[Editar] Explicaci?n
Varios t?rminos son utilizados con esta unidad:
* Dosis equivalente
* Dosis equivalente ambiental
* Dosis equivalente direccional
* Equivalente de dosis personal
* ?rgano equivalente de dosis
El milisievert se utiliza habitualmente para medir la dosis efectiva en el diagn?stico de los procedimientos m?dicos (por ejemplo, los rayos X, medicina nuclear, tomograf?a por emisi?n de positrones y tomograf?a computarizada). La tasa natural de fondo dosis efectiva var?a considerablemente de un lugar a otro, pero normalmente es de alrededor de 2,4 mSv / a?o [2] (pdf).
Dado el modelo lineal sin umbral de respuesta de la radiaci?n, la dosis colectiva que una poblaci?n est? expuesta a se mide en "hombre-Sievert" (hombre ? Sv).
__________________________________________________ __________________
The sievert (symbol: Sv) is the SI derived unit of dose equivalent. It attempts to quantitatively evaluate the biological effects of radiation as opposed to the physical aspects, which are characterised by the absorbed dose, measured in gray. It is named after Rolf Sievert, a Swedish medical physicist renowned for work on radiation dosage measurement and research into the biological effects of radiation.
Frequently used SI multiples are the millisievert (1 mSv = 10−3 Sv) and microsievert (1 μSv = 10−6 Sv) or (1 mSv = 0.001 Sv) and (1 μSv = 0.000001 Sv).
An older unit of the equivalent dose is the rem (R?ntgen equivalent man[sic]). In some fields and countries, the rem and millirem (abbreviated mrem) continue to be used along with Sv and mSv, causing confusion[citation needed]. Here are the conversion equivalences:
* 1 Sv = 1000 mSv (millisieverts) = 1,000,000 μSv (microsieverts) = 100 rem = 100,000 mrem (millirem)
* 1 mSv = 100 mrem = 0.1 rem
* 1 μSv = 0.1 mrem
* 1 rem = 0.01 Sv = 10 mSv
* 1 mrem = 0.00001 Sv = 0.01 mSv = 10 μSv
[edit] Dose Benchmarks
* Living near a nuclear power station = less than 0.01 mSv/year
* Chest x-ray = 0.04 mSv[1]
* Cosmic radiation (from sky) at sea level = 0.24 mSv/year[1]
* Terrestrial radiation (from ground) = 0.28 mSv/year[1]
* Mammogram = 0.30 mSv[1]
* Natural radiation in the human body = 0.40 mSv/year[1]
* Brain CT scan = 0.8?5 mSv[2]
* Typical individual's natural background radiation: 2 mSv/year; 1.5 mSv/year for Australians, 3 mSv/year for Americans[3]
* Radon in the average US home = 2 mSv/year[1]
* Chest CT scan = 6?18 mSv[2]
* Average American's total radiation exposure: 6.2 mSv/year[4]
* New York-Tokyo flights for airline crew: 9mSv/year [3]
* Smoking 1.5 packs/day = 13 mSv/year[5]
* Gastrointestinal series X-ray investigation = 14 mSv[1]
* Current average limit for nuclear workers: 20 mSv/year[3]
* Background radiation in parts of Iran, India and Europe: 50 mSv/year[3]
* Lowest clearly carcinogenic level: 100 mSv/year[3]
* Criterion for relocation after Chernobyl disaster: 350 mSv/lifetime[3]
[edit] Symptom Benchmarks
Effects to humans of acute radiation (within one day):[6]
* 0?0.25 Sv: None
* 0.25?1 Sv: Some people feel nausea and loss of appetite; bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen damaged.
* 1?3 Sv: Mild to severe nausea, loss of appetite, infection; more severe bone marrow, lymph node, spleen damage; recovery probable, not assured.
* 3?6 Sv: Severe nausea, loss of appetite; hemorrhaging, infection, diarrhea, skin peels, sterility; death if untreated.
* 6?10 Sv: Above symptoms plus central nervous system impairment; death expected.
* Above 10 Sv: Incapacitation and death.
[edit] Explanation
Various terms are used with this unit:
* Dose equivalent
* Ambient dose equivalent
* Directional dose equivalent
* Personal dose equivalent
* Organ equivalent dose
The millisievert is commonly used to measure the effective dose in diagnostic medical procedures (e.g., X-rays, nuclear medicine, positron emission tomography, and computed tomography). The natural background effective dose rate varies considerably from place to place, but typically is around 2.4 mSv/year [2] (pdf).
Given the linear no-threshold model of radiation response, the collective dose that a population is exposed to is measured in "man-Sievert" (man?Sv).
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