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Re: China - H7N9 Human Isolates on Deposit at GISAID
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>Sequences discussed in this analysis are variously stored publicly at GenBank and at GISAID. We gratefully acknowledge the authors, originating and submitting laboratories of the sequences from GenBank and from GISAID’s EpiFlu™ Database on which this research is based. </em></span>
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Publish Date : 2014-01-04
Last Update : 2014-01-04</span>
On 2013-12-31, the <span style="color: #783f04;"><b>Jiangsu CDC</b></span> released a set of sequences at <strong>GenBank </strong>from ten early <strong><span style="color: #660000;">Emergent H7N9</span><span style="color: #4c1130;"> </span></strong>human cases and 2 related environmental samples.
Re: China - H7N9 Human Isolates on Deposit at GISAID
Novel Genetics
in Guangdong Child November 2013
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>Sequences discussed in this analysis are variously stored publicly at GenBank and at GISAID. We gratefully acknowledge the authors, originating and submitting laboratories of the sequences from GenBank and from GISAID?s EpiFlu? Database on which this research is based. </em></span>
<span style="font-size: small;">
Publish Date : 2014-01-04
Last Update : 2014-01-04</span>
On 2013-12-25, the <span style="color: #783f04;"><b>Guangdong CDC</b></span> released a sequence at <strong>GenBank </strong>from a recent <strong><span style="color: #660000;">Emergent H7N9</span></strong> case sampled from a 3 year old male child (FluTrackers Case #139) on November 4, 2013. This sequence provides a fourth concurrent novel gene constellation in present human circulation. Emergent H7N9 is very active genetically .
The <b><span style="color: #274e13;">Hemagglutinin</span></b> resembles the most recent Guandgong case [Deposit Report] with the antigenic HA128A, but has dropped the HA277D creating yet another novel <strong><span style="color: #660000;">Emergent H7N9</span> <b><span style="color: #274e13;">Hemagglutinin</span></b></strong>. The transmission of <b><span style="color: #274e13;">HA</span></b> <b><span style="color: blue;">128A</span></b>, an antigenic revision from the circulating <b><span style="color: #783f04;">human</span></b> seasonal H3N2 that set <b><span style="color: #660000;">Hospitalisation and Fatality</span></b> <b>records</b> <a href="http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/showthread.php?p=491951#post491951" target="_blank">last season</a>, merits close examination for human infectivity.
From the four most recent human sequence deposits of <strong><span style="color: #660000;">Emergent H7N9</span></strong>, four different sequence beds are in concurrent transmission with interplay.
The Polymerase constellation is novel and again strikingly divergent from the Fall 2013 human cases. The novelPolymerase Acidic (PA) of this child does not resemble the first Guangdong case, but is does share sporadic homology with the recent human Hong Kong case [Deposit Report]. H5N1Fatalities in Asia also share features of this Guangdong child's PA segment. The ReAssortedPolymerase Basic 1 (PB1) from the first Guangdong case is maintained, but with reversion at the drop of a rarePB1374V. The ReAssortedPolymerase Basic 2 (PB2) from the first Guangdong case is also maintained, but with the novelty addition of 3 amino polymorphisms. Oddly, after gaining 3 revisions, PB2 in this human child then reverts to the avian base at <b><span style="color: blue;">627E</span></b>.
Flu Scan for Jan 24, 2014
H7N9 transmission in songbirds; Possible 1918 pandemic origin
Filed Under:
H7N9 Avian Influenza;Avian Influenza (Bird Flu); Pandemic Influenza
Study shows songbirds might aid in H7N9 spread
H7N9 avian flu replicates well in finches, sparrows, and parakeets experimentally inoculated with the pathogen, and the birds shed the virus in high numbers and show few signs of disease, scientists reported today in Emerging Infectious Diseases.
Researchers from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis, Tenn., and from China and Hong Kong inoculated groups of zebra finches, society finches, parakeets, and house sparrows with the H7N9 virus either intranasally, intraocularly, or orally and housed them with birds that were not inoculated (contact birds).
All inoculated birds shed virus, but only via the beak and not via the cloaca (anus). Shedding levels were highest in the two finch species, which shed virus for 6 days. Parakeets also shed virus for 6 days, while the sparrows shed virus for 4 days.
All species of birds were susceptible to H7N9 infection, but only one sparrow showed signs of clinical disease: lethargy, loose and discolored feces, and ruffled feathers.
Contact finches and sparrows showed evidence of H7N9 infection, but only one infected contact finch shed high levels of the virus. The contact parakeets did not become infected.
The authors conclude, "Our demonstration that parakeets and multiple species of songbirds are susceptible to influenza A(H7N9) virus isolated from humans during the recent outbreak in China further supports the possible contribution of songbirds and parakeets to the ecology, maintenance, and transmission of novel A(H7N9) viruses."
Jan 24 Emerg Infect Dis study
. . .
Jones JC, Sonnberg S, Ko?er ZA, Shanmuganatham K, Seiler P, Shu Y, et al.
Possible role of songbirds and parakeets in transmission of influenza A(H7N9) virus to humans.
Emerg Infect Dis [Internet]. 2014 Mar [date cited]. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2003.131271
DOI: 10.3201/eid2003.131271
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<tr style="float: center;"><td style="font-size: 140%; font-weight: bold;">Possible Role of Songbirds and Parakeets in Transmission of Influenza A(H7N9) Virus to Humans
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<tr style="float: center;"><td style="font-size: 90%;">Songbirds are common household pets and are in close contact with humans and domesticated animals. Their wild counterparts also are likely to interact with poultry in backyard farms and in many farming sectors (14,15).
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<tr style="float: center; font-size: 60%;"><td>By Jeremy C. Jones, Stephanie Sonnberg, Zeynep A. Ko?er, Karthik Shanmuganatham, Patrick Seiler, Yuelong Shu, Huachen Zhu, Yi Guan, Malik Peiris, Richard J. Webby, and Robert G. Webster</td></tr>
<tr style="float: center; font-size: 60%;"><td><a href="http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/" target="_blank">EID Journal</a>
Volume 20, Number 3?March 2014 Ahead of Print
January 24, 2014</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 100%;">'Abstract Extract:
"Our study demonstrates that a human isolate can replicate in and be shed by such songbirds and parakeets into their environment. This finding has implications for these birds? potential as intermediate hosts with the ability to facilitate transmission and dissemination of A(H7N9) virus."'
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