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IPUMS USA collects, preserves and harmonizes U.S. census microdata and provides easy access to this data with enhanced documentation. Data includes decennial censuses from 1790 to 2010 and American Community Surveys (ACS) from 2000 to the present.
for USA they have
### ~126(?) "variables" , which are the descriptions,classifications of the people, like age or location
### 26 "samples" , which are the different censuses, given by the 26 years, when they took place:
1850,1860,1870,1880,1900,1910,1920,1930,1940,1950, 1960,1970,1980,1990,
2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009, 2010,2011
It's a bit difficult to get familiar with this the system the first time.
You can select subsets from the samples and variables and after registering you download
the corresponding data in good, uniform, computer-readable format, gzip compressed,
one line for each census record.
Well, that would be billions of records for the whole database, and there are also privacy
issues, so you only random 1% samples or one record per 100000 people,
but it's still useful for statistics, to create charts about age-distribution or growth and such.
There are an amazing lots of variables, I assume all US-households fill in that
questionaire decannually
The data from 1890 were lost in a fire and 1880 is available completely, not just 1%.
Hawaii data are available for 1900,1910,1920 and since 1960.
It would be useful if they did the same thing for the death certificates from NCHS,
it took me many hours to download and convert their data into a format similar to that !
As usual, I think the best way would be to download the whole database and use your
own tools to filter and analyse it offline, and as usual it seems they don't want that.
I had this experience with genbank,NCHS and other databases already.
I think it's about funding, giving credit, they want to be cited in papers and
officials shall see it and decide, that, yes, it's worth funding.
When people download the whole thing, their online data-filtering service is no
longer needed, they get fewer links and citations, I speculate.
But for the analyst it's clearly (IMO) better that way and hopefully what we
will have in future with such databases.
Anyway, it's a wealth of data in nice format and I'm happy I found it
thre was one big heat-wave in USA in the last 54 years,
and that lead to excess mortality in Jun,23 - Jul,19 in
North East and middle USA, especially Missouri.
Other smaller summer excess mortality waves were in
...1972,1974,(1977),1980,(1982),(1986),...
Deaths happened mainly in the elderly and most elevated
were deaths from almost the same causes that are elevated
in seasonal waves. I.e. pneumonia.
It seems that heat as well as influenza open the door for deadly
pneumonia in the elderly. But not only pneumonia, also heart infarction,
Alzheimer,Diabetes,Septicemia,Parkinson,senility,r enal failure and almost all
respiratory and cardiovascular causes.
big increase in the elderly ratio in 1997,1998 (why ?)
then we had a steady decline from the top in 1999 until the minimum in 2007
then a slight increase in 2008,2009
then a abrupt increase in 2010 and it stays at that level since then
was it ****** ?
(USA, all causes, preliminary, 122 cities, deaths >64 years divided by all deaths
----------------------
not flu-specific
it is also seen in summer, compare the yearly minima
I thought maybe the Mexican immigrant legalisation act ?
but shouldn't that decrease the elderly ratio
deaths from ****** in the elderly during the months of a flu wave were small
so it would have to be some lasting effect, that also kills in summer
--------------------------------
not so many recently, and only in summer.
We had some heatwaves in the 60s,70s but nowadays people rarely die
from it in USA. And you would clearly see it in the charts
It must be something different (IMO)
I also noticed, that the elderly ratio did not decline in the 1974-1976 US-death-decline
mystery, so that 1975 decline mystery was presumably not specific to the elderly,
at least not the >64-group
=======================================
I found zanran
search engine for data and statistics ? not tested yet
This paper poses three questions: (1) Does mortality from natural causes spike around Christmas and New Year? (2) If so, does this spike exist for all major disease groups or only specialized groups? (3) If twin holiday spikes exist, need this imply that Christmas and New Year are risk factors for d …
attributed to dead-on-arrival (DOA) and emergency department (ED) settings#
Deaths related to hypertensive cardiovascular disease and to myocardial infarction have
decreased dramatically since 1974, accounting for most of the decrease in cardiovascular
death in this time period. This decrease (at least in localized communities) correlates with
successful control of hypertension. This strong evidence from Veterans Affairs studies and
the epidemiologic data have led to the belief that all patients with a diastolic blood pressure
above 90 mm Hg should be treated, regardless of age.
Framingham data
study conducted by Prys-Roberts et al 227 in 1971 and by Goldman and Caldera 228 in 1979.
Several other studies (Bedford and Feinstein, 229 Asiddao et al, 230 Stone et al, 165 Flacke
et al, 167 Ghignone et al, 168 Tuman et al, 172 Ellis et al, 231 Charlson et al, 8 Mangano
et al, 166, 232 Stone et al, 233 Wolfsthal, 234 and Pasternack et al 235 ) also have been cited.
so maybe the 1974-1976 US-death decline was due to the start of aggessive
treatment of hypertension in USA, while in other countries the timing
of treatment was a bit different
biggest effect was in cerebrovascular disease (stroke)
then ischaemic heart disease (by far the most prominent cause of death)
that treatment could also have had benefits for deaths from some other diseases,
like diabetes or renal failure (Alzheimer ? Parkinson ?)
looking for:
a chart of average hypertension of heart patients in USA over time
a chart of consumption/production of anti-hypertensive drugs over time
Framingham study (Kannel, Wolf,
Verter, and McNamara, 1970)
showed an increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease
in initially asymptomatic persons whose initial pressures were 160/90 mm Hg or greater.
Autonomic Ganglion-blocking Drugs
Adrenergic Neurone-blocking Drugs
Adrenergic Receptor-blocking Drugs
Drugs with Direct Action on Vascular Resistance
The thiazide diuretics are widely used alone or in
combination with other drugs in the management
of mild and modest hypertension.
As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment
of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary
Clonidine has been approved for treatment of hypertension in the United States since 1974
centrally acting α2 adrenergic agonist.
Ibuprofen has been available as a
prescription drug for the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid
arthritis at a dose of 1,200 to 3,200 milligrams (mg) per (/) day since
1974 in the United States and since 1969 in the United Kingdom.
May is high Blood pressure education Month
and has been so since 1974, when the
National high Blood pressure education program
of the National heart, Lung, and Blood institute
launched this initiative.
niacin has been known to prevent atherosclerosis and to reduce the risk of
second heart attacks since 1975.
Niacin alone[20] or in combination with other lipid lowering agents such
as statin[21] or ezetimibe[22] significantly reduces risk of cardiovascular
disease and arthrosclerosis progression.[23]
Coronary Drug Project of 1965-1974,4 ...
In fact, the primary study that pointed to the benefits of high HDL was the Coronary Drug Project
of 1965-1974,4 which examined the effects of niacin on cholesterol levels. It probably should be
noted that over a quarter century later, niacin is still the most effective FDA approved means of
raising HDL-cholesterol.
In fact, it appears inflammation is the thread that ties everything together. Inflammation
damages the walls of the arteries -- but not the veins -- forcing the body to "repair" the
damage using cholesterol-based, cement-like plaque to patch over the problem areas.
Over time, with continued inflammation and continued repairs, the patches start thickening,
hardening, and narrowing the arteries. Statin drugs work, then, not because they lower
cholesterol, but because they reduce arterial inflammation. As it turns out, statin drugs
suppress T-cell activation and inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokines that are
critical mediators of the inflammation response.10,11,12 Statin drugs also help lower
C-reactive protein levels -- a known inflammation marker and independent risk factor
in the development of ischemic stroke -- again, entirely separate from their effect on
serum cholesterol.13,14,15
The US National Institutes of Health has stopped a clinical trial studying a combination
of niacin (nicotinic acid) and a statin 18 months earlier than planned because of poor results.
did not reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke.
Since its beginning in 1974, the WIC Program has earned the reputation of being one of the
most successful Federally-funded nutrition programs in the United States
---------------------------------------------------
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition involving immunocompetent
cells of different types present in the lesions
Bacteria and virus have been discussed as potential causes of immune activation,
but it has been difficult to find direct evidence supporting this hypothesis,
and antibiotic trials in humans have been negative or inconclusive
there was a major decrease in the mother’s milk concentrations in the mid and late 1970s
(PCB in Germany) whereas in the 1980s the concentrations remained on the same level.
The TSCA was passed by the United States Congress and signed into law by President
Gerald Ford on October 11, 1976, after many years of negotiation between different factions
of the government and chemical producers.[6] As one of the most important pieces of legislation
ever passed in the United States, TSCA authorized the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
to regulate new and existing chemicals.[6] TSCA was response to Congress’ growing concerns
about the unreasonable risks that chemicals pose to human health and the environment.[6] TSCA
limits the manufacture, processing, commercial distribution, use, and disposal of chemical
substances including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), asbestos, radon and lead-based paint.[6]
pubmed hits for "polychlorinated bisphenols"
1968,...,1976:1,1,8,48,125,121,168,178,152
there was a major decrease in the mother’s milk concentrations in the mid and late 1970s
(PCB in Germany) whereas in the 1980s the concentrations remained on the same level.
national conference Chicago 1975
---------------------------------------------
We found no evidence that living closer to PCBs would increase risk of heart disease
or a stroke," state Health Department spokesman Jeffrey Hammond said of the 2011 study,
state,county,age1,gender,race,hispanic,urbanizatio n,year,month,weekday,autopsy?,
facility-type of death,ICD10-cause,multiple
75,000 is the maximum of rows allowed
i tried age1,HHS10,gender2,icd113,
This request produces 305,351 rows,
then i tried age1,HHS,gender,icd-chapter
processing request ....5min....
after .-10min the browser closed the page
Die Webseite ist abgelaufen
going back to wonder, I see:
WONDER Message
Access WONDER data by completing and submitting a request page.
To access data for the requested resource please go to: http://wonder.cdc.gov/mcd-icd10.html.
Or start at http://wonder.cdc.gov and navigate from there
then it asks me again to agree:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Data Use Restrictions:
The Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 242m(d)) provides that the data collected by the
National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) may be used only for the purpose for which
they were obtained; any effort to determine the identity of any reported cases, or to use
the information for any purpose other than for health statistical reporting and analysis,
is against the law. Therefore users will:
Use these data for health statistical reporting and analysis only.
For sub-national geography, do not present or publish death counts of 9 or fewer or death
rates based on counts of nine or fewer (in figures, graphs, maps, tables, etc.).
Make no attempt to learn the identity of any person or establishment included in these data.
Make no disclosure or other use of the identity of any person or establishment discovered
inadvertently and advise the NCHS Confidentiality Officer of any such discovery.
Eve Powell-Griner, Confidentiality Officer
National Center for Health Statistics
3311 Toledo Road, Rm 7116
Hyattsville, MD 20782
Telephone 301-458-4257 Fax 301-458-4021
Sanctions for Violating Rules:
Researchers who violate the terms of the data use restrictions will lose access to WONDER
and their sponsors and institutions will be notified. Researchers who are suspected of
violating the rules may be prevented from using WONDER until an investigation can be
completed. Deliberately making a false statement in any matter within the jurisdiction
of any department or agency of the Federal government violates 18 USC 1001 and is
punishable by a fine of up to $10,000 or up to 5 years in prison, or both.
By clicking the "I Agree" button I signify that I will abide by the terms of data use stated
above and understand the sanctions and legal penalties for violation of these terms of use.
Click Dataset Documentation for complete information about this dataset.
OK, I got data for the 4 census regions, even after 2005 for which NCHS doesn't give any
geographical data. The format is OK, not difficult to convert.
Deaths in the youngerly in 2009 are just too few to draw conclusions about the H1
mortality age-structure for <40
it seems that the wave of decline in deaths from cardiovascular
(circulatory) causes, that we have seen in USA since 2001
has stopped in 2009. It stayed almost constant from 2008 to 2011.
Could this have been caused by the new H1-virus ?
It doesn't seem so, since the H1-flu wave itself was not associated
with big increase in circulatory mortality.
It's not so easy for me to figure out, whether the new H1 causes
any excess cardiovascular deaths at all, you have to take the
general trend into account.
negative numbers presumably come from spared deaths from other
flu that usually occur at that time but was suppressed by new H1.
Then in Jan.,Feb.2010 about 10000-20000 deaths were spared
because of that effect. Although these were elderly deaths
as compared to younger deaths from new H1.
excess circulatory deaths in the 25-64
Sep.2009:290
Oct.2009:416
Nov.2009:352
Dec.2009:-196
(comparing 2009 with 2008 and 2010)
Compare with Europe...
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , National Center for Health Statistics.
Multiple Cause of Death"
"1999-2010 on CDC WONDER Online Database, released 2012.
Data are from the Multiple Cause of Death Files, 1999-2010, as compiled"
"from data provided by the 57 vital statistics jurisdictions through the
Vital Statistics Cooperative Program. Accessed at"
"http://wonder.cdc.gov/mcd-icd10.html on Jan 29, 2014 12:24:36 AM
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Center for Health Statistics. Compressed Mortality File, 1999-2010
(machine readable data file and documentation, CD-ROM Series 20, No. 2P) as
compiled from data provided by the 57 vital statistics jurisdictions through the Vital
Statistics Cooperative Program. Hyattsville, Maryland. 2012.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------edit-----------------
as you can see from the attached chart cau_f2c.gif , the decline
in age<60 deaths from circulatory causes continued through
2009,2010 in Europe
--------------------edit---------------------
******-deaths for USA are given as 2.8 per 100K or ~8500 here:
excess Oct+Nov.2009 youngerly(<60) US-deaths
p-value * 1000
ICD10-code
deaths in Oct+Nov 2009
deaths in (Oct+Nov,2008+2010)/2
ICD10-description
000 A41 1108 971 A41 Other septicaemia
000 B34 41 20 B34 Viral infection of unspecified site
000 D72 7 2 D72 Other disorders of white blood cells
000 D83 5 1 D83 Common variable immunodeficiency
000 E11 439 349 E11 Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
000 F06 9 2 F06 Other mental disorders due to brain damage and dysfunction and to physical disease
000 F17 35 20 F17 Mental and behavioural disorders due to use of tobacco
000 G83 7 2 G83 Other paralytic syndromes
000 G92 7 2 G92 Toxic encephalopathy
000 I42 1051 942 I42 Cardiomyopathy
000 I50 503 429 I50 Heart failure
000 I62 378 306 I62 Other nontraumatic intracranial haemorrhage
000 J09 794 2 J09 (added) influenza due to specified avian influenza virus
000 J10 111 4 J10 Influenza due to identified influenza virus
000 J11 289 7 J11 Influenza, virus not identified
000 J12 55 7 J12 Viral pneumonia, not elsewhere classified
000 J13 28 15 J13 Pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae
000 J15 117 63 J15 Bacterial pneumonia, not elsewhere classified
000 J18 1182 679 J18 Pneumonia, organism unspecified
000 J44 1604 1299 J44 Other chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
000 J69 237 192 J69 Pneumonitis due to solids and liquids
000 J80 191 83 J80 Adult respiratory distress syndrome
000 J90 25 7 J90 Pleural effusion, not elsewhere classified
000 K20 7 2 K20 Oesophagitis
000 N73 5 1 N73 Other female pelvic inflammatory diseases
000 O14 5 1 O14 Gestational [pregnancy-induced] hypertension with significant proteinuria
000 O96 57 30 O96 Death from any obstetric cause occurring more than 42 days but less than one year after delivery
000 Q02 16 6 Q02 Microcephaly
000 R94 5 1 R94 Abnormal results of function studies
000 V95 61 40 V95 Accident to powered aircraft causing injury to occupant
000 Y28 5 1 Y28 Contact with sharp object, undetermined intent
001 J43 186 149 J43 Emphysema
001 Q93 20 10 Q93 Monosomies and deletions from the autosomes, not elsewhere classified
001 V54 38 23 V54 Occupant of pick-up truck or van injured in collision with heavy transport vehicle or bus
001 W68 12 5 W68 Drowning and submersion following fall into swimming-pool
001 Y12 221 181 Y12 Poisoning by and exposure to narcotics and psychodysleptics [hallucinogens], not elsewhere classified, undetermined intent
002 K86 55 37 K86 Other diseases of pancreas
003 W65 55 38 W65 Drowning and submersion while in bath-tub
003 X41 274 232 X41 Accidental poisoning by and exposure to antiepileptic, sedative-hypnotic, anti-Parkinsonism and psychotropic drugs, not elsewhere classified
004 C81 99 76 C81 Hodgkin's disease
004 K59 16 8 K59 Other functional intestinal disorders
004 W76 41 27 W76 Other accidental hanging and strangulation
005 C64 508 453 C64 Malignant neoplasm of kidney, except renal pelvis
005 D68 85 64 D68 Other coagulation defects
005 O26 32 20 O26 Maternal care for other conditions predominantly related to pregnancy
006 A86 11 5 A86 Unspecified viral encephalitis
006 B20 521 467 B20 Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease resulting in infectious and parasitic diseases
006 G41 49 34 G41 Status epilepticus
006 I26 427 378 I26 Pulmonary embolism
006 L97 4 1 L97 Ulcer of lower limb, not elsewhere classified
006 M79 4 1 M79 Other soft tissue disorders, not elsewhere classified
006 O10 4 1 O10 Pre-existing hypertension complicating pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium
006 R07 4 1 R07 Pain in throat and chest
006 V85 6 2 V85 Occupant of special construction vehicle injured in transport accident
006 W67 33 21 W67 Drowning and submersion while in swimming-pool
006 X39 6 2 X39 Exposure to other and unspecified forces of nature
006 X88 4 1 X88 Assault by gases and vapours
007 N18 497 445 N18 Chronic renal failure
008 E27 18 10 E27 Other disorders of adrenal gland
008 K74 1079 1003 K74 Fibrosis and cirrhosis of liver
008 M06 35 23 M06 Other rheumatoid arthritis
008 N17 173 144 N17 Acute renal failure
009 C43 483 434 C43 Malignant melanoma of skin
011 C07 23 14 C07 Malignant neoplasm of parotid gland
011 C22 1033 962 C22 Malignant neoplasm of liver and intrahepatic bile ducts
012 B00 9 4 B00 Herpesviral [herpes simplex] infections
012 P60 12 6 P60 Disseminated intravascular coagulation of foetus and newborn
012 Q07 12 6 Q07 Other congenital malformations of nervous system
014 I27 227 196 I27 Other pulmonary heart diseases
015 V03 344 306 V03 Pedestrian injured in collision with car, pick-up truck or van
016 A40 30 20 A40 Streptococcal septicaemia
018 E66 545 498 E66 Obesity
018 I12 217 188 I12 Hypertensive renal disease
018 J20 13 7 J20 Acute bronchitis
018 N20 13 7 N20 Calculus of kidney and ureter
019 E72 17 10 E72 Other disorders of amino-acid metabolism
019 V59 43 31 V59 Occupant of pick-up truck or van injured in other and unspecified transport accidents
021 I25 5075 4936 I25 Chronic ischaemic heart disease
021 K08 7 3 K08 Other disorders of teeth and supporting structures
021 W86 7 3 W86 Exposure to other specified electric current
022 C49 279 247 C49 Malignant neoplasm of other connective and soft tissue
022 P22 105 86 P22 Respiratory distress of newborn
022 Q01 10 5 Q01 Encephalocele
022 W23 22 14 W23 Caught, crushed, jammed or pinched in or between objects
024 D57 97 79 D57 Sickle-cell disorders
024 Q87 53 40 Q87 Other specified congenital malformation syndromes affecting multiple systems
025 J93 18 11 J93 Pneumothorax
025 P39 14 8 P39 Other infections specific to the perinatal period
029 I33 74 59 I33 Acute and subacute endocarditis
030 C69 19 12 C69 Malignant neoplasm of eye and adnexa
030 Y35 66 52 Y35 Legal intervention
031 Q90 118 99 Q90 Down's syndrome
033 L98 11 6 L98 Other disorders of skin and subcutaneous tissue, not elsewhere classified
034 X49 31 22 X49 Accidental poisoning by and exposure to other and unspecified chemicals and noxious substances
038 C33 5 2 C33 Malignant neoplasm of trachea
038 G30 72 58 G30 Alzheimer's disease
038 K85 200 176 K85 Acute pancreatitis
038 N02 5 2 N02 Recurrent and persistent haematuria
038 V58 128 109 V58 Occupant of pick-up truck or van injured in noncollision transport accident
038 X06 5 2 X06 Exposure to ignition or melting of other clothing and apparel
040 C85 426 391 C85 Other and unspecified types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
040 I95 8 4 I95 Hypotension
040 P61 8 4 P61 Other perinatal haematological disorders
040 W01 8 4 W01 Fall on same level from slipping, tripping and stumbling
040 X47 84 69 X47 Accidental poisoning by and exposure to other gases and vapours
044 D35 12 7 D35 Benign neoplasm of other and unspecified endocrine glands
044 J47 12 7 J47 Bronchiectasis
044 W22 12 7 W22 Striking against or struck by other objects
047 Y14 240 215 Y14 Poisoning by and exposure to other and unspecified drugs, medicaments and biological substances, undetermined intent
048 C45 51 40 C45 Mesothelioma
048 E16 17 11 E16 Other disorders of pancreatic internal secretion
048 M33 17 11 M33 Dermatopolymyositis
050 C32 162 142 C32 Malignant neoplasm of larynx
050 G93 479 444 G93 Other disorders of brain
050 W75 132 114 W75 Accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed
054 G40 137 119 G40 Epilepsy
054 K81 30 22 K81 Cholecystitis
055 B37 13 8 B37 Candidiasis
055 B59 13 8 B59 Pneumocystosis
058 K83 31 23 K83 Other diseases of biliary tract
060 J45 254 230 J45 Asthma
062 P20 25 18 P20 Intra-uterine hypoxia
062 P25 25 18 P25 Interstitial emphysema and related conditions originating in the perinatal period
063 K26 40 31 K26 Duodenal ulcer
063 X66 19 13 X66 Intentional self-poisoning by and exposure to organic solvents and halogenated hydrocarbons and their vapours
066 A92 3 1 A92 Other mosquito-borne viral fevers
066 H66 3 1 H66 Suppurative and unspecified otitis media
066 I44 3 1 I44 Atrioventricular and left bundle-branch block
066 J02 3 1 J02 Acute pharyngitis
066 M84 3 1 M84 Disorders of continuity of bone
066 N32 3 1 N32 Other disorders of bladder
066 N83 3 1 N83 Noninflammatory disorders of ovary, Fallopian tube and broad ligament
066 O15 3 1 O15 Eclampsia
066 Q68 3 1 Q68 Other congenital musculoskeletal deformities
076 C68 10 6 C68 Malignant neoplasm of other and unspecified urinary organs
076 V14 10 6 V14 Pedal cyclist injured in collision with heavy transport vehicle or bus
077 W85 15 10 W85 Exposure to electric transmission lines
078 C71 865 824 C71 Malignant neoplasm of brain
078 I74 28 21 I74 Arterial embolism and thrombosis
078 P29 171 153 P29 Cardiovascular disorders originating in the perinatal period
080 C15 576 543 C15 Malignant neoplasm of oesophagus
081 G00 37 29 G00 Bacterial meningitis, not elsewhere classified
082 O99 29 22 O99 Other maternal diseases classifiable elsewhere but complicating pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium
087 V68 16 11 V68 Occupant of heavy transport vehicle injured in noncollision transport accident
091 W83 23 17 W83 Other specified threats to breathing
092 C95 135 120 C95 Leukaemia of unspecified cell type
092 F14 50 41 F14 Mental and behavioural disorders due to use of cocaine
092 X92 11 7 X92 Assault by drowning and submersion
096 C82 17 12 C82 Follicular [nodular] non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
096 P05 17 12 P05 Slow foetal growth and foetal malnutrition
097 I70 64 54 I70 Atherosclerosis
103 I11 1433 1386 I11 Hypertensive heart disease
103 I71 286 265 I71 Aortic aneurysm and dissection
105 A81 18 13 A81 Atypical virus infections of central nervous system
105 C66 7 4 C66 Malignant neoplasm of ureter
105 I89 7 4 I89 Other non-infective disorders of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes
105 J06 7 4 J06 Acute upper respiratory infections of multiple and unspecified sites
105 M48 7 4 M48 Other spondylopathies
105 R04 7 4 R04 Haemorrhage from respiratory passages
105 Y60 7 4 Y60 Unintentional cut, puncture, perforation or haemorrhage during surgical and medical care
106 C41 132 118 C41 Malignant neoplasm of bone and articular cartilage of other and unspecified sites
107 C08 12 8 C08 Malignant neoplasm of other and unspecified major salivary glands
107 Y57 12 8 Y57 Other and unspecified drugs and medicaments
114 I72 27 21 I72 Other aneurysm
117 K57 37 30 K57 Diverticular disease of intestine
119 C53 389 366 C53 Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri
121 B44 13 9 B44 Aspergillosis
121 K25 38 31 K25 Gastric ulcer
122 P23 20 15 P23 Congenital pneumonia
125 M72 39 32 M72 Fibroblastic disorders
125 X67 153 139 X67 Intentional self-poisoning by and exposure to other gases and vapours
...
996 C06 22 38 C06 Malignant neoplasm of other and unspecified parts of mouth
997 Y04 5 16 Y04 Assault by bodily force
998 C67 177 222 C67 Malignant neoplasm of bladder
998 V05 38 61 V05 Pedestrian injured in collision with railway train or railway vehicle
999 F03 51 81 F03 Unspecified dementia
999 F19 125 181 F19 Mental and behavioural disorders due to multiple drug use and use of other psychoactive substances
999 P77 66 97 P77 Necrotising enterocolitis of foetus and newborn
999 V09 291 373 V09 Pedestrian injured in other and unspecified transport accidents
999 V89 1351 1510 V89 Motor- or nonmotor-vehicle accident, type of vehicle unspecified
000 A09 92 56 A09 Diarrhoea and gastro-enteritis of presumed infectious origin
1000 K52 6 43 K52 Other non-infective gastro-enteritis and colitis
removed is
000 A09 92 56 A09 Diarrhoea and gastro-enteritis of presumed infectious origin
because the increase is due to a change of category
from noninfective (K52) to infective (A09)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
and the same for dec.2003 (Fujian-flu) :
Code:
dec 2003 vs.(dec2002+dec2004)/2 USA deaths , 0-64 years
000 A41 551 480 A41 Other septicaemia
000 B23 282 217 B23 Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease resulting in other conditions
000 B34 27 14 B34 Viral infection of unspecified site
000 B99 9 3 B99 Other and unspecified infectious diseases
000 D65 23 10 D65 Disseminated intravascular coagulation [defibrination syndrome]
000 D76 11 3 D76 Certain diseases involving lymphoreticular tissue and reticulohistiocytic system
000 E27 14 4 E27 Other disorders of adrenal gland
000 E75 25 13 E75 Disorders of sphingolipid metabolism and other lipid storage disorders
000 F15 7 2 F15 Mental and behavioural disorders due to use of other stimulants, including caffeine
000 F19 136 97 F19 Mental and behavioural disorders due to multiple drug use and use of other psychoactive substances
000 G00 48 22 G00 Bacterial meningitis, not elsewhere classified
000 I11 717 593 I11 Hypertensive heart disease
000 I25 3056 2824 I25 Chronic ischaemic heart disease
000 I33 50 32 I33 Acute and subacute endocarditis
000 J10 66 2 J10 Influenza due to identified influenza virus
000 J11 144 6 J11 Influenza, virus not identified
000 J15 100 46 J15 Bacterial pneumonia, not elsewhere classified
000 J18 614 387 J18 Pneumonia, organism unspecified
000 J20 12 3 J20 Acute bronchitis
000 J43 128 95 J43 Emphysema
000 J44 715 565 J44 Other chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
000 J98 99 70 J98 Other respiratory disorders
000 K46 7 2 K46 Unspecified abdominal hernia
000 L08 7 2 L08 Other local infections of skin and subcutaneous tissue
000 M08 5 1 M08 Juvenile arthritis
000 N04 5 1 N04 Nephrotic syndrome
000 O75 7 1 O75 Other complications of labour and delivery, not elsewhere classified
000 O88 5 1 O88 Obstetric embolism
000 O99 13 5 O99 Other maternal diseases classifiable elsewhere but complicating pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium
000 P07 427 360 P07 Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight, not elsewhere classified
000 P37 9 3 P37 Other congenital infectious and parasitic diseases
000 V23 58 36 V23 Motorcycle rider injured in collision with car, pick-up truck or van
000 V40 8 2 V40 Car occupant injured in collision with pedestrian or animal
000 W08 6 1 W08 Fall involving other furniture
000 X46 7 2 X46 Accidental poisoning by and exposure to organic solvents and halogenated hydrocarbons and their vapours
000 Y06 5 1 Y06 Neglect and abandonment
000 Y14 119 84 Y14 Poisoning by and exposure to other and unspecified drugs, medicaments and biological substances, undetermined intent
001 F10 491 427 F10 Mental and behavioural disorders due to use of alcohol
001 G03 24 13 G03 Meningitis due to other and unspecified causes
002 A39 21 11 A39 Meningococcal infection
002 A49 21 11 A49 Bacterial infection of unspecified site
002 D69 25 14 D69 Purpura and other haemorrhagic conditions
002 E46 25 14 E46 Unspecified protein-energy malnutrition
002 G31 41 26 G31 Other degenerative diseases of nervous system, not elsewhere classified
002 I21 2132 2008 I21 Acute myocardial infarction
002 P52 47 31 P52 Intracranial nontraumatic haemorrhage of foetus and newborn
002 Q79 37 23 Q79 Congenital malformations of musculoskeletal system, not elsewhere classified
003 G35 166 134 G35 Multiple sclerosis
003 J12 19 10 J12 Viral pneumonia, not elsewhere classified
004 F32 8 3 F32 Depressive episode
004 G71 97 74 G71 Primary disorders of muscles
004 I48 27 16 I48 Atrial fibrillation and flutter
004 P04 8 3 P04 Foetus and newborn affected by noxious influences transmitted via placenta or breast milk
004 X84 16 8 X84 Intentional self-harm by unspecified means
005 Q21 59 42 Q21 Congenital malformations of cardiac septa
005 X47 65 47 X47 Accidental poisoning by and exposure to other gases and vapours
006 B46 4 1 B46 Zygomycosis
006 C66 4 1 C66 Malignant neoplasm of ureter
006 I49 205 172 I49 Other cardiac arrhythmias
006 K82 6 2 K82 Other diseases of gallbladder
006 V69 6 2 V69 Occupant of heavy transport vehicle injured in other and unspecified transport accidents
006 X94 75 56 X94 Assault by rifle, shotgun and larger firearm discharge
006 Y03 6 2 Y03 Assault by crashing of motor vehicle
008 V09 163 135 V09 Pedestrian injured in other and unspecified transport accidents
009 C73 31 20 C73 Malignant neoplasm of thyroid gland
010 E87 55 40 E87 Other disorders of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance
010 I31 15 8 I31 Other diseases of pericardium
010 K22 15 8 K22 Other diseases of oesophagus
011 K74 546 495 K74 Fibrosis and cirrhosis of liver
012 J40 12 6 J40 Bronchitis, not specified as acute or chronic
012 R99 1005 937 R99 Other ill-defined and unspecified causes of mortality
012 W30 9 4 W30 Contact with agricultural machinery
012 X97 12 6 X97 Assault by smoke, fire and flames
012 Y21 9 4 Y21 Drowning and submersion, undetermined intent
013 B21 80 62 B21 Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease resulting in malignant neoplasms
013 V58 107 86 V58 Occupant of pick-up truck or van injured in noncollision transport accident
015 I61 358 319 I61 Intracerebral haemorrhage
016 C21 25 16 C21 Malignant neoplasm of anus and anal canal
016 C85 284 250 C85 Other and unspecified types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
016 K75 41 29 K75 Other inflammatory liver diseases
016 Y83 41 29 Y83 Surgical operation and other surgical procedures as the cause of abnormal reaction of the patient, or of later complication, without mention of misadventure at the time of the procedure
017 Y12 172 146 Y12 Poisoning by and exposure to narcotics and psychodysleptics [hallucinogens], not elsewhere classified, undetermined intent
018 C06 21 13 C06 Malignant neoplasm of other and unspecified parts of mouth
018 I50 261 229 I50 Heart failure
018 M32 89 71 M32 Systemic lupus erythematosus
019 W11 17 10 W11 Fall on and from ladder
020 N18 272 240 N18 Chronic renal failure
021 J32 7 3 J32 Chronic sinusitis
021 K44 7 3 K44 Diaphragmatic hernia
021 O90 7 3 O90 Complications of the puerperium, not elsewhere classified
021 X92 7 3 X92 Assault by drowning and submersion
022 C71 474 432 C71 Malignant neoplasm of brain
023 K70 769 716 K70 Alcoholic liver disease
024 G93 209 182 G93 Other disorders of brain
025 M62 18 11 M62 Other disorders of muscle
025 V68 18 11 V68 Occupant of heavy transport vehicle injured in noncollision transport accident
027 Y86 41 30 Y86 Sequelae of other accidents
030 C79 95 78 C79 Secondary malignant neoplasm of other sites
030 J85 19 12 J85 Abscess of lung and mediastinum
030 X40 19 12 X40 Accidental poisoning by and exposure to nonopioid analgesics, antipyretics and antirheumatics
031 E84 50 38 E84 Cystic fibrosis
031 R09 30 21 R09 Other symptoms and signs involving the circulatory and respiratory systems
033 D70 11 6 D70 Agranulocytosis
033 F14 44 33 F14 Mental and behavioural disorders due to use of cocaine
033 K83 15 9 K83 Other diseases of biliary tract
033 P22 78 63 P22 Respiratory distress of newborn
034 G80 123 104 G80 Infantile cerebral palsy
038 C23 32 23 C23 Malignant neoplasm of gallbladder
038 C40 5 2 C40 Malignant neoplasm of bone and articular cartilage of limbs
038 E34 5 2 E34 Other endocrine disorders
038 I89 5 2 I89 Other non-infective disorders of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes
038 J04 5 2 J04 Acute laryngitis and tracheitis
038 J06 5 2 J06 Acute upper respiratory infections of multiple and unspecified sites
038 V24 5 2 V24 Motorcycle rider injured in collision with heavy transport vehicle or bus
040 B44 8 4 B44 Aspergillosis
040 C57 8 4 C57 Malignant neoplasm of other and unspecified female genital organs
040 I82 8 4 I82 Other venous embolism and thrombosis
042 P29 86 71 P29 Cardiovascular disorders originating in the perinatal period
042 X95 854 805 X95 Assault by other and unspecified firearm discharge
043 B16 41 31 B16 Acute hepatitis B
044 C84 34 25 C84 Peripheral and cutaneous T-cell lymphomas
044 K52 34 25 K52 Other non-infective gastro-enteritis and colitis
046 W75 50 39 W75 Accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed
049 K86 43 33 K86 Other diseases of pancreas
050 C11 29 21 C11 Malignant neoplasm of nasopharynx
050 W13 29 21 W13 Fall from, out of or through building or structure
052 D57 53 42 D57 Sickle-cell disorders
055 K35 13 8 K35 Acute appendicitis
056 I62 155 136 I62 Other nontraumatic intracranial haemorrhage
058 M33 9 5 M33 Dermatopolymyositis
060 B94 116 100 B94 Sequelae of other and unspecified infectious and parasitic diseases
060 C14 39 30 C14 Malignant neoplasm of other and ill-defined sites in the lip, oral cavity and pharynx
064 V95 49 39 V95 Accident to powered aircraft causing injury to occupant
066 F54 3 1 F54 Psychological and behavioural factors associated with disorders or diseases classified elsewhere
066 G98 3 1 G98 Other disorders of nervous system, not elsewhere classified
066 K37 3 1 K37 Unspecified appendicitis
066 M00 3 1 M00 Pyogenic arthritis
066 M54 3 1 M54 Dorsalgia
066 M89 3 1 M89 Other disorders of bone
066 W01 3 1 W01 Fall on same level from slipping, tripping and stumbling
066 W06 3 1 W06 Fall involving bed
066 X08 3 1 X08 Exposure to other specified smoke, fire and flames
066 X43 3 1 X43 Accidental poisoning by and exposure to other drugs acting on the autonomic nervous system
068 C43 252 229 C43 Malignant melanoma of skin
068 J80 51 41 J80 Adult respiratory distress syndrome
072 N17 63 52 N17 Acute renal failure
074 B19 6 3 B19 Unspecified viral hepatitis
074 B45 6 3 B45 Cryptococcosis
074 C05 6 3 C05 Malignant neoplasm of palate
074 L02 6 3 L02 Cutaneous abscess, furuncle and carbuncle
074 X85 6 3 X85 Assault by drugs, medicaments and biological substances
076 G06 10 6 G06 Intracranial and intraspinal abscess and granuloma
076 Q90 65 54 Q90 Down's syndrome
076 X41 103 89 X41 Accidental poisoning by and exposure to antiepileptic, sedative-hypnotic, anti-Parkinsonism and psychotropic drugs, not elsewhere classified
077 I26 208 188 I26 Pulmonary embolism
077 I42 595 561 I42 Cardiomyopathy
080 E66 282 259 E66 Obesity
087 I71 185 167 I71 Aortic aneurysm and dissection
087 L93 16 11 L93 Lupus erythematosus
087 R56 98 85 R56 Convulsions, not elsewhere classified
089 C55 72 61 C55 Malignant neoplasm of uterus, part unspecified
092 G47 31 24 G47 Sleep disorders
092 Y26 11 7 Y26 Exposure to smoke, fire and flames, undetermined intent
094 W80 51 42 W80 Inhalation and ingestion of other objects causing obstruction of respiratory tract
097 I40 24 18 I40 Acute myocarditis
100 B17 280 259 B17 Other acute viral hepatitis
105 A48 7 4 A48 Other bacterial diseases, not elsewhere classified
105 E03 7 4 E03 Other hypothyroidism
105 P24 7 4 P24 Neonatal aspiration syndromes
105 Q92 7 4 Q92 Other trisomies and partial trisomies of the autosomes, not elsewhere classified
105 V90 7 4 V90 Accident to watercraft causing drowning and submersion
107 X82 12 8 X82 Intentional self-harm by crashing of motor vehicle
108 C20 134 120 C20 Malignant neoplasm of rectum
109 C80 461 435 C80 Malignant neoplasm without specification of site
109 E78 100 88 E78 Disorders of lipoprotein metabolism and other lipidaemias
114 I80 87 76 I80 Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis
120 D84 28 22 D84 Other immunodeficiencies
122 D64 20 15 D64 Other anaemias
122 V13 20 15 V13 Pedal cyclist injured in collision with car, pick-up truck or van
126 K92 79 69 K92 Other diseases of digestive system
128 C83 40 33 C83 Diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
...
992 W40 1 7 W40 Explosion of other materials
992 X73 145 177 X73 Intentional self-harm by rifle, shotgun and larger firearm discharge
993 C88 0 5 C88 Malignant immunoproliferative diseases
997 V57 55 80 V57 Occupant of pick-up truck or van injured in collision with fixed or stationary object
998 C92 175 218 C92 Myeloid leukaemia
999 O96 5 18 O96 Death from any obstetric cause occurring more than 42 days but less than one year after delivery
999 P10 1 12 P10 Intracranial laceration and haemorrhage due to birth injury
999 Q25 6 23 Q25 Congenital malformations of great arteries
999 V48 170 217 V48 Car occupant injured in noncollision transport accident
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
and those conditions that appear in both lists:
Code:
US deaths <60years compared to the average of the previous and following year
p-value
ICD10-code
deaths per period
deaths per compared period
Oct+Nov 2009 Dec.2003
-------------------------------------------------------------
000 A41 1108 971 000 A41 551 480 A41 Other septicaemia
000 B34 41 20 000 B34 27 14 B34 Viral infection of unspecified site
000 J10 111 4 000 J10 66 2 J10 Influenza due to identified influenza virus
000 J11 289 7 000 J11 144 6 J11 Influenza, virus not identified
000 J15 117 63 000 J15 100 46 J15 Bacterial pneumonia, not elsewhere classified
000 J18 1182 679 000 J18 614 387 J18 Pneumonia, organism unspecified
000 J44 1604 1299 000 J44 715 565 J44 Other chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
000 J12 55 7 003 J12 19 10 J12 Viral pneumonia, not elsewhere classified
001 J43 186 149 000 J43 128 95 J43 Emphysema
008 E27 18 10 000 E27 14 4 E27 Other disorders of adrenal gland
000 I50 503 429 018 I50 261 229 I50 Heart failure
001 Y12 221 181 017 Y12 172 146 Y12 Poisoning by and exposure to narcotics and psychodysleptics [hallucinogens], not elsewhere classified, undetermined intent
018 J20 13 7 000 J20 12 3 J20 Acute bronchitis
021 I25 5075 4936 000 I25 3056 2824 I25 Chronic ischaemic heart disease
029 I33 74 59 000 I33 50 32 I33 Acute and subacute endocarditis
047 Y14 240 215 000 Y14 119 84 Y14 Poisoning by and exposure to other and unspecified drugs, medicaments and biological substances, undetermined intent
000 I62 378 306 056 I62 155 136 I62 Other nontraumatic intracranial haemorrhage
000 V95 61 40 064 V95 49 39 V95 Accident to powered aircraft causing injury to occupant
000 J80 191 83 068 J80 51 41 J80 Adult respiratory distress syndrome
000 I42 1051 942 077 I42 595 561 I42 Cardiomyopathy
002 K86 55 37 049 K86 43 33 K86 Other diseases of pancreas
081 G00 37 29 000 G00 48 22 G00 Bacterial meningitis, not elsewhere classified
082 O99 29 22 000 O99 13 5 O99 Other maternal diseases classifiable elsewhere but complicating pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium
103 I11 1433 1386 000 I11 717 593 I11 Hypertensive heart disease
003 X41 274 232 076 X41 103 89 X41 Accidental poisoning by and exposure to antiepileptic, sedative-hypnotic, anti-Parkinsonism and psychotropic drugs, not elsewhere classified
006 I26 427 378 077 I26 208 188 I26 Pulmonary embolism
007 N18 497 445 020 N18 272 240 N18 Chronic renal failure
008 K74 1079 1003 011 K74 546 495 K74 Fibrosis and cirrhosis of liver
008 N17 173 144 072 N17 63 52 N17 Acute renal failure
009 C43 483 434 068 C43 252 229 C43 Malignant melanoma of skin
018 E66 545 498 080 E66 282 259 E66 Obesity
022 P22 105 86 033 P22 78 63 P22 Respiratory distress of newborn
024 D57 97 79 052 D57 53 42 D57 Sickle-cell disorders
031 Q90 118 99 076 Q90 65 54 Q90 Down's syndrome
038 V58 128 109 013 V58 107 86 V58 Occupant of pick-up truck or van injured in noncollision transport accident
040 C85 426 391 016 C85 284 250 C85 Other and unspecified types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
040 W01 8 4 066 W01 3 1 W01 Fall on same level from slipping, tripping and stumbling
040 X47 84 69 005 X47 65 47 X47 Accidental poisoning by and exposure to other gases and vapours
048 M33 17 11 058 M33 9 5 M33 Dermatopolymyositis
050 G93 479 444 024 G93 209 182 G93 Other disorders of brain
050 W75 132 114 046 W75 50 39 W75 Accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed
058 K83 31 23 033 K83 15 9 K83 Other diseases of biliary tract
078 C71 865 824 022 C71 474 432 C71 Malignant neoplasm of brain
078 P29 171 153 042 P29 86 71 P29 Cardiovascular disorders originating in the perinatal period
087 V68 16 11 025 V68 18 11 V68 Occupant of heavy transport vehicle injured in noncollision transport accident
092 F14 50 41 033 F14 44 33 F14 Mental and behavioural disorders due to use of cocaine
092 X92 11 7 021 X92 7 3 X92 Assault by drowning and submersion
103 I71 286 265 087 I71 185 167 I71 Aortic aneurysm and dissection
105 C66 7 4 006 C66 4 1 C66 Malignant neoplasm of ureter
105 I89 7 4 038 I89 5 2 I89 Other non-infective disorders of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes
105 J06 7 4 038 J06 5 2 J06 Acute upper respiratory infections of multiple and unspecified sites
121 B44 13 9 040 B44 8 4 B44 Aspergillosis
000 O96 57 30 999 O96 5 18 O96 Death from any obstetric cause occurring more than 42 days but less than one year after delivery
996 C06 22 38 018 C06 21 13 C06 Malignant neoplasm of other and unspecified parts of mouth
999 F19 125 181 000 F19 136 97 F19 Mental and behavioural disorders due to multiple drug use and use of other psychoactive substances
999 V09 291 373 008 V09 163 135 V09 Pedestrian injured in other and unspecified transport accidents
remarkable is the period of high winter mortality in England from 1900-1970,
which was not seen in USA and presumably not in continental Europe - I can't
find the data.
That was a surprise, I didn't know that. What caused it and what caused
the decline in the 60s ? Clean air act ? And is it all triggered by flu ?
Countries, WHO,UNO spent much effort to collect death data - but usually only
yearly and the years wrap in the mid of winter.
So seasonality of deaths is little understood, little examined, mysterious...
Another open question is, whether there was flu in England 1860-1988 .
It was not reported, but it is supposed that it induced protection for 1918.
we had a decline in English winter-excess-deaths in the 1960s and another decline since 2000
[url]http://histpop.org/ohpr/servlet/PageBrowser?path=Browse/
Registrar General (by date)
---------------------------------------------------------------
Began in 1926
Later Title Registrar General's weekly return for England and Wales births and deaths, infectious
diseases, weather Former Title Weekly return of births and deaths registered in county boroughs
and other great towns and of cases of certain specified infectious diseases ... in England and Wales
e1875c.gif - that doesn't look like a flu-wave as we know it. Too short. Only 1-2 weeks increasing
and decreasing . Glasgow looks more like a normal flu-wave , unfortunately the data
for 1875 is missing. Was that the H1 that induced immunity for 1918 ?
It could have been weather related, the decline comes when temperature increased
----------
hard to say, this isn't openly been talked about, but I get the impression that the English
data is not freely available, somehow copyrighted, they want money for it. (?)
some of the old registrar general's weekly returns are reprinted in 2012 and offered at amazon.
But of course, nowadays we don't want books, we need the data computer-readable
----------
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Massachusetts :
Births, Marriages and Deaths IN THE COMMONWEALTH,
...when this abstract was written the current reports include detailed data on births, deaths, marriages and divorces; natality (birth) data includes number of...
Seasonality in human mortality: a demographic approach
Rau, R.
Monographie , Dissertation , 2007
my summary of their summary:
[North-South increase of seasonality of deaths ==> ]
Thus, social and cultural influences play an integral part in mediating seasonal fluctuations
in mortality
[I don't see this conclusion, it could be biological, viruses, humidity, immunity, nutrition,...]
cold-related mortality increases with age
Seasonal mortality over time increased slightly since the 1970. This reflects probably
the widespread introduction of air conditioning which makes summer mortality decrease
at a faster pace than mortality is decreasing during any other season of the year.
[no evidence for that, IMO. variations in US-summer mortality are too low to have a measurable effect]
It should have been assumed from comparative European studies that warmer
regions in the US show larger fluctuations in seasonality than colder regions.
We found, however, no differences.
[I think, I did found that. i.e. Florida. North-South increase was big in the 60s but declined over time ,
see above in this thread
and now is almost gone , USA as well Europe , i.e. Greece , Florida]
We did not find support that marital status has an important influence on seasonal mortality.
The less years spent in formal education, the higher are the annual fluctuations in mortality.
Denmark = ?El Dorado? wrt. quality and wealth of data
women?s excess mortality surpasses the one of men in Denmark.
Despite our findings for the United States, we could not detect any effect of
socio-economic status on seasonal mortality in Denmark
If people are living alone they have higher relative mortality risks in winter
We calculated that at age 50 about 0.8 years of life years could be won for women and about
1 year of life for men. [if we could eliminate winter excess mortality]
[see also the liverpool thread, the 1885 Farr-article, the connection cold periods-->deaths
in England, at least until 1920 (data 1870-1879 easily available)]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
[112] Lone Frank. When an entire country is a cohort. Science, 287:2398?
2399, 2000.
[7] Otto Andersen. Register data for research. Presentation given at the
course ?The data of Denmark?, Odense, DK, 30 April 2001, 2001.
[96] Eurostat. Statistics on Persons in Denmark. a register-based statistical
system. Technical report, Office for Official Publications of the European
Communities, Luxembourg, LUX, 2001.
[349] Axel Skytthe. The Fundament for Danish Register Research. Civil Reg-
istration System. Presentation given at the course ?The data of Den-
mark?, Odense, DK, 30 April 2001, 2000.
[287] J?rn Korsbo Petersen. The Danish Demographic Database - longitu-
dinal data for advanced demographic methods. Research Report 15,
Danish Center for Demographic Research. SDU - Odense University,
Odense, DK, 2000.
NSI = national statistics institute ?
they may access the data, I couldn't figure out yet whether a gsgs may access the data
Denmark has in the past only allowed access to micro data on-site at Statistics
Denmark.
Similar to temperate regions, a subtropical city Guangzhou showed a clear seasonal pattern in mortality, with a sharper spike in winter. Our results highlight the role of cold temperature on the winter mortality even in warm climate. Precautionary measures should be strengthened to mitigate cold-rel …
excess winter mortality in subtropical Guangzhou
was due to (52%) cardiovascular diseases and (24%) respiratory diseases.
-1C ==> +1.38% +0.88% in deaths the same+next month.
Precipitation during spring and autumn increased mortality spring RR 0.982, 1.018 per cm.
Higher springtime temperature decreased annual mortality, while higher summer
temperature increased the death toll; however, both were only borderline significant (p=0.07).
The significant effect of springtime precipitation for mortality was present only in the first two
periods (1749-1785 and 1786-1824). On the contrary, the overall effect of autumn precipitation
was mainly due to its relevance during the last period, 1825-1859 (RR 1.024, CI 0.997-1.052).
At that time, higher winter precipitation was found to decrease mortality.
CONCLUSIONS:
In urban Uppsala, during the 18th and 19th century, precipitation appeared to be a stronger
predictor for mortality than temperature. Higher spring precipitation decreased and higher
autumn precipitation increased the number of deaths.
However, this association differed before and during the early stages of industrialisation.
Further research shall take age-specific differences into account, as well as changes in
socio-economic conditions during that time.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Patients admitted in the winter in Dublin,2002-2011 had an 17% increased risk of an
in-hospital death by 30 days; this is related to cold along with increased illness severity
and co-morbidity burden.
The disease profile is different with winter admissions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cantabria (northern Spain) in the years 2004-2005; n=3948 deaths
people aged 75 years or more were especially susceptible to cold temperatures
(OR = 17.9; 95% CI: 2.38-134.8). Cardiovascular (OR = 2.63; 95% CI: 1.88-3.67)
and respiratory mortality (OR = 2.72; 95% CI: 1.46-5.08) showed a weaker effect.------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The data available suggest that exposure to cold, either through exposure to low environmental
temperatures or during induced hypothermia, increases the risk of developing upper and lower
respiratory tract infections and dying from them; in addition, the longer the duration of exposure
the higher the risk of infection. Although not all studies agree, most of the available evidence
from laboratory and clinical studies suggests that inhaled cold air, cooling of the body surface
and cold stress induced by lowering the core body temperature cause pathophysiological
responses such as vasoconstriction in the respiratory tract mucosa and suppression of
immune responses, which are responsible for increased susceptibility to infections
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"Eurowinter"
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Italian cities,2001,pop=7M
for ozone, positive associations were commonly found for death and hospital admissions
for both cardiovascular and respiratory diseases
4.9% and -0.4% for SO2, 1.7% and 0.6% for NO2; 2.3% and 0.2% for CO. Corresponding
figures for PM10 at lag 0-1 were 1.1% and 0.2%. larger effects in cities located in Central
and Southern Italy (
------------------------------------------------------------------------
high indices of cold-related mortality were associated with high mean winter temperatures,
low living-room temperatures, limited bedroom heating, low proportions of people wearing hats,
gloves, and anoraks, and inactivity and shivering when outdoors at 7 degrees C (p < 0.01 for
all-cause mortality and respiratory mortality; p > 0.05 for mortality from ischaemic heart
disease and cerebrovascular disease).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
The daily death statistics were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics
data collection from the NSW Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages
Daily Death Statistics, Massachusetts:
2004.
A 10 mg/m3increase in PM10was associated with a 0.36% increase in daily death
Numbers of daily deaths were obtained from the Central. Bureau of Statistics for
1986–94. Netherlands.
In a time-series study in the Netherlands, we found a strong
association between the day-to-day variation in pollen
concentrations and that of deaths due to cardiovascular disease,
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pneumonia.
95 countries, monthly deaths, 1980-2013 (with gaps)
(eurostat is better here, monthly deaths since 1960 for some country,
but Europe lacks the tropical countries)
and, of course, USA is best with the NCHS death-certificates, once you
downloaded and converted all the data ... USA is almost as big as Europe
but still no tropical weather for the better study of seasonality of deaths
I added all the years to show the seasonality
25 months years Jan-Jan to show the seasonality
[looking for latitudes of the capitals data, where to find it ?]
and the same for deaths from influenza only
and the same for respiratory deaths only
and the same for circulatory deaths only
then ignore periods with flu-deaths to get the effect of temperature
on pneumonia and circulatory deaths
I think it's not the absolute temperature that matters (the killing effect of the decrease therof)
but changes in temperature
(after we humans somehow "adapted" to the current temperature)
or/and some viruses,bacteria who prefer the colder weather ?
Comment