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Influenza at the human-animal interface - Summary and assessment as of 26 April 2013 (WHO, edited): 6 new H5N1 cases

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  • Influenza at the human-animal interface - Summary and assessment as of 26 April 2013 (WHO, edited): 6 new H5N1 cases

    [Source: World Health Organization, full PDF document: (LINK). Edited.]


    Influenza at the human-animal interface - Summary and assessment as of 26 April 2013


    Human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses and associated animal health events

    From 2003 through 26 April 2013, 628 laboratory-confirmed human cases with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection have been officially reported to WHO from 15 countries, of which 374 died.

    Since the last update on 12 March 2013, 6 new laboratory-confirmed human cases with influenza A(H5N1) virus infection were reported to WHO from Bangladesh (1), Cambodia (1), Egypt (2 ) and Viet Nam (2).

    The investigations into these concluded that they were sporadic cases and that the appearance of sporadic cases is expected and will likely occur in the future.

    Since the beginning of 2013, Cambodia has reported ten human cases with influenza A(H5N1) virus infection including eight fatal cases. These cases come from five provinces all located in southern Cambodia. These cases do not seem to be linked directly, and most had contact with sick poultry in their villages. The clade 1.1 viruses that have been isolated from cases are very similar to those isolated from poultry in the region.

    Investigations around these cases did not detect additional cases. This evidence suggests sporadic infections from exposure to infected poultry or contaminated environments, rather than human-to-human transmission. It has been suggested that the A(H5N1) virus is circulating endemically in poultry in Cambodia(1), as such, additional sporadic human cases might be expected.


    Table 1: laboratory-confirmed human cases of avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection (13 Mar ? 26 Apr 2013)

    [Country - Province - Age (y) - Sex - Date of onset - Date of Hospitalisation - Oseltamivir treatment Start date - Date of death - Exposure to]
    • Cambodia
      • Kampot - 5 years - M - 27/03/2013 - 31/03/2013 - 01/04/2013 - ... ? unknown
    • Egypt:
      • Menofia - 40 years - F - 03/03/2013 - 08/03/2013 - Yes date unclear - ... - Sick and dead poultry
      • Elmanzala - 26 years - M - 30/03/2013 - 05/04/2013 - 07/04/2013 - 08/04/2013 - Healthy pigeons, neighbourhood poultry
    • Viet Nam:
      • Dong Thap - 4 years - M - 23/03/2013 - 26/03/2013 - ... - 04/04/2013 - Sick or dead poultry
      • Long An - 20 years - F - 11/04/2013 - 14/04/2013 - Yes date unclear - ... - ... - Dead poultry in neighbourhood
    • Bangladesh:
      • Chittagong - 2 years - M - 11/02/2013 - 12/02/2013 - ... - ... - Sick or dead poultry
    NA: not applicable or not available


    Public health risk assessment of avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses:

    Any time influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections or small clusters of human cases are possible especially in people exposed to infected poultry kept in households or contaminated environments.

    However, currently, this A(H5N1) virus does not appear to transmit easily among people and therefore the likelihood of community level spread of this virus remains low.

    Therefore, the public health risk associated with this virus remains unchanged.

    (...)


    Human infection with other non-seasonal influenza viruses
    Avian influenza A(H7N9)

    China has been reporting human cases of infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses since end of March 2013.

    This event is closely monitored and separate risk assessments are being carried out for this event. Please find updated information at: http://who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/index.html


    Influenza events in animals with potential public health impact

    Overall, official reports of influenza outbreaks in birds are at their expected seasonal level (http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Diseaseinformation/WI ).

    With the onset of summer in the northern hemisphere, the number of reports of influenza events in birds is expected to decrease.

    However, circulation of the influenza A(H7N9) virus in China may not follow the seasonal pattern we expect to see in other Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza H7 viruses in birds.

    Due to the constant evolving nature of influenza viruses, WHO continues to stress the importance of global monitoring of influenza viruses in animals and people and recommends all Member States to strengthen routine influenza surveillance. All human infections with non-seasonal influenza viruses are reportable to WHO under IHR (2005).


    Relevant Links:________
    (1) Sorn, S., et al. Dynamic of H5N1 virus in Cambodia and emergence of a novel endemic sub-clade. Infect. Genet. Evol. (2012), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2012.05.013 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134812002158

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  • #2
    Re: Influenza at the human-animal interface - Summary and assessment as of 26 April 2013 (WHO, edited): 6 new H5N1 cases

    The table posted in this WHO update is incorrect. The young child from Bangladesh died on February 18, 2013.

    See this thread - http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/sho...d.php?t=203162

    The WHO cumulative total table is correct and shows this child as having died.

    http://novel-infectious-diseases.blogspot.com/

    Comment


    • #3
      Re: Influenza at the human-animal interface - Summary and assessment as of 26 April 2013 (WHO, edited): 6 new H5N1 cases

      More details on some of the cases can be found at the Western Pacific Region of WHO weekly avian influenza report:

      Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 380 (26 April 2013)

      link: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_dis.../en/index.html


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      http://novel-infectious-diseases.blogspot.com/

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