France - Monkeypox outbreak 2022 - 2023

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Case of monkeypox: update on October 11, 2022

Update on October 11, 2022 following the cases of monkey pox ( Monkeypox in English) reported in France and around the world. The next update of this report will take place on October 18.

Posted on October 12, 2022

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Update in France


As of 11 October 2022 at 12:00 p.m., 4,064 confirmed cases of infection with the Monkeypox virus have been identified in France, i.e. 21 additional cases since the assessment of 04 October.

The distribution of confirmed cases by region of residence (or by reporting region when the region of residence is unknown) is presented in Figure 1. The Ile-de-France region concentrates the largest number of cases (2,482, i.e. 61, 0%), followed by Occitania (312 cases), Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (275 cases) and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (267 cases); 21 cases reside abroad.

The vast majority of confirmed adult cases identified to date are male and 102 cases over the age of 15 (2.5%) are female. The proportion of female cases increased until W36 when it reached 13.6% then decreased until W39 (with 7.5% of confirmed cases). In S40, the data are not consolidated and only 3 cases in women were declared for 14 cases in men.

Ten (0.25%) children under the age of 15 were reported as confirmed cases. Confirmed adult cases have a median age of 36; 25% of adult cases are under 29 years old and 25% are 43 to 81 years old.

Of the confirmed cases for which information is available, 91 (2.2%) were hospitalized due to infection with Monkeypox virus; this proportion remains stable over time.

No deaths have been reported to date.

The distribution of cases by symptom onset date (when known) is shown in Figure 2. The case symptom onset date ranges from May 7 to October 10, 2022. of declaration, the data of the last weeks are not consolidated. The reports received do not always mention the date of onset of the symptoms. As an alternative to this information, the distribution of cases according to their date of reporting is presented in Figure 3.

These updated data show that the peak of contamination took place at the end of June/beginning of July and that the number of confirmed cases has since decreased. However, we must remain cautious because improving knowledge of the disease can reduce the need for treatment by the best-informed populations. Several other countries, particularly in Europe, are seeing similar trends in the number of new cases reported over the past 3 months.

Figure 1. Laboratory-confirmed monkeypox cases (n=4,043 cases) by region of residence (or by reporting region when region of residence is unknown), France, May-October 2022 (data as of 10/11/2022 – 12:00 p.m.)

Figure 2. Biologically confirmed cases of monkeypox (n=2,989 cases, number of missing data: 1,075) by week of onset of symptoms, France, May-October 2022 (data as of 10/11/2022 – 12:00 p.m.).

The data for the last few weeks (in light blue) are not fully consolidated.

Figure 3. Biologically confirmed cases of monkeypox (n= 4,064 cases) by reporting week, France, May-October 2022 (data as of 10/11/2022 – 12:00 p.m.).

The data for the last week (in light blue) is not fully consolidated. The reporting low observed in week 28 (July 11 to 17) can be explained by the July 14 public holiday.

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https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/les-actualites/2022/cas-de-variole-du-singe-point-de-situation-au-11-octobre-2022

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Case of monkeypox: update on October 18, 2022

Update on October 18, 2022 following the cases of monkey pox (Monkeypox in English) reported in France and around the world. The next update of this report will take place on October 25.

Posted on October 19, 2022
...

Update in France

As of 18 October 2022 at 12:00 p.m., 4,084 confirmed cases of infection with the Monkeypox virus have been identified in France, i.e. 20 additional cases since the assessment of 11 October.

The distribution of confirmed cases by region of residence (or by reporting region when the region of residence is unknown) is presented in Figure 1. The Ile-de-France region concentrates the largest number of cases (2,492, i.e. 61, 0%), followed by Occitania (312 cases), Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (281 cases) and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (268 cases); 22 cases reside abroad.

The vast majority of confirmed adult cases identified to date are male and 105 cases over the age of 15 (2.6%) are female. The proportion of female cases increased until W36 (from September 5 to 11) when it reached 13.6% (16 cases out of 118) then decreased until W39 (with 7.5% of confirmed cases, i.e. 3 cases out of 40). Since week 39 (from September 26 to October 2), the number of infected women has remained stable (3 cases per week). Ten (0.24%) children under the age of 15 have been reported as confirmed cases since May 2022. Adult confirmed cases have a median age of 36; 25% of adult cases are under 29 years old and 25% are 43 to 81 years old. Of the confirmed cases for which information is available, 91 (2.2%) were hospitalized due to infection with Monkeypox virus;

No deaths have been reported to date.

The distribution of cases according to the date of onset of symptoms (when this is known) is presented in Figure 2. The date of onset of symptoms for cases ranges from May 7 to October 05, 2022. , the data of the last weeks are not consolidated. The reports received do not always mention the date of onset of the symptoms. As an alternative to this information, the distribution of cases according to their date of reporting is presented in Figure 3.

These updated data show that the peak of contamination took place at the end of June/beginning of July and that the number of confirmed cases has since decreased.
These trends are similar to those observed in the syndromic data of visits to the emergency department for suspicion of Monkeypox (Oscour®). However, we must remain cautious because improving knowledge of the disease can reduce the need for treatment by the best-informed populations. Several other countries, particularly in Europe, are seeing similar trends in the number of new cases reported over the past 3 months.

Figure 1. Laboratory-confirmed cases of monkeypox (n=4,062 cases) by region of residence (or by reporting region when region of residence is unknown), France, May-October 2022 (data as of 10/18/2022 – 12:00 p.m.)

Figure 2. Biologically confirmed cases of monkeypox (n=3,008 cases, number of missing data: 1,076) by week of onset of symptoms, France, May-October 2022 (data as of 10/18/2022 – 12:00 p.m.).

The data for the last few weeks (in light blue) are not fully consolidated.

Figure 3. Biologically confirmed cases of monkeypox (n= 4,084 cases) by reporting week, France, May-October 2022 (data as of 10/18/2022 – 12:00 p.m.).

Data for the last week (in light blue) is not fully consolidated (The low in reporting seen in week 28 (July 11-17) can be explained by the July 14 public holiday).

...

https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/les-actualites/2022/cas-de-variole-du-singe-point-de-situation-au-18-octobre-2022

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Translation Google
Case of monkeypox: update on October 25, 2022

Update on October 25, 2022 following the cases of monkey pox (Monkeypox in English) reported in France and around the world. The next update of this report will take place on 2 November.

Posted on October 26, 2022
...

Update in France

As of October 25, 2022 at 12:00 p.m., 4,094 confirmed cases of infection with the Monkeypox virus have been identified in France, i.e. 10 additional cases since the assessment of October 18.

The distribution of confirmed cases by region of residence (or by reporting region when the region of residence is unknown) is presented in Figure 1. The Ile-de-France region concentrates the largest number of cases (2,496, i.e. 60, 9%), followed by Occitania (312 cases), Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (284 cases) and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (268 cases); 22 cases reside abroad.

The vast majority of confirmed adult cases identified to date are male and 107 cases over the age of 15 (2.6%) are female. The proportion of female cases increased until W36 when it reached 13.6% (16 cases out of 118) then decreased until W39 (with 7.5% of confirmed cases, i.e. 3 cases out of 40). Since week 39, the number of infected women has remained stable (around 3 cases per week). Twelve (0.29%) children under the age of 15 have been reported as confirmed cases since May 2022. Adult confirmed cases have a median age of 36; 25% of adult cases are under 29 years old and 25% are 43 to 81 years old. Of the confirmed cases for which information is available, 91 (2.2%) were hospitalized due to infection with Monkeypox virus; this proportion remains stable over time.

No deaths have been reported to date.

The distribution of cases by symptom onset date (when known) is shown in Figure 2. The case symptom onset date ranges from May 7 to October 17, 2022. , the data for the last few weeks are not consolidated. The reports received do not always mention the date of onset of the symptoms. As an alternative to this information, the distribution of cases according to their date of reporting is presented in Figure 3.

These updated data show that the peak of contamination took place at the end of June/beginning of July and that the number of confirmed cases has since decreased.

These trends are similar to those observed in the syndromic data of visits to the emergency department for suspicion of Monkeypox (Oscour®). However, we must remain cautious because improving knowledge of the disease can reduce the need for treatment by the best-informed populations. Several other countries, particularly in Europe, are seeing similar trends in the number of new cases reported over the past 3 months.

Figure 1. Laboratory-confirmed cases of monkeypox (n=4,072 cases) by region of residence (or by reporting region when region of residence is unknown), France, May-October 2022 (data as of 25/10/2022 – 12:00 p.m.)

Figure 2. Biologically confirmed cases of monkeypox (n=3,018 cases, number of missing data: 1,076) by week of onset of symptoms, France, May-October 2022 (data as of 25/10/2022 – 12:00 p.m.).

The data for the last few weeks (in light blue) are not fully consolidated.

Figure 3. Biologically confirmed cases of monkeypox (n= 4,094 cases) by reporting week, France, May-October 2022 (data as of 25/10/2022 – 12:00 p.m.).

Data for the last week (in light blue) is not fully consolidated (The low in reporting seen in week 28 (July 11-17) can be explained by the July 14 public holiday).




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https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/les-actualites/2022/cas-de-variole-du-singe-point-de-situation-au-25-octobre-2022

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Case of monkeypox: update on November 1, 2022

Update on November 1, 2022 of confirmed cases of monkey pox ( Monkeypox in English) reported in France and around the world. The next update of this report will take place on November 8, 2022.

Posted on November 3, 2022
...

IN THIS ARTICLE

• Update in France
• Preventive vaccination against monkeypox

In early May 2022, cases of monkeypox ( Monkeypox ) not directly linked to travel to Central or West Africa where the virus is present, or people returning from travel, were reported in Europe and the world. Since that date, the disease has been the subject, in France and in Europe, of enhanced surveillance based on the Mandatory Declaration, the form of which has been specifically updated.

As of 1 ^November 2022 at 12:00 p.m., 4,097 confirmed cases of infection with the Monkeypox virus have been recorded in France, i.e. 3 additional cases since the assessment of October 25.

The distribution of confirmed cases by region of residence (or by reporting region when the region of residence is unknown) is presented in figure 1. The Ile-de-France region concentrates the largest number of cases (2,497, i.e. 60, 9%), followed by Occitania (312 cases), Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (285 cases) and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (268 cases); 22 cases reside abroad.

The vast majority of confirmed adult cases identified to date are male and 107 cases over the age of 15 (2.6%) are female. The proportion of female cases reached a peak in W36 where it reached 13.6% (16 cases out of 118) then decreased (with 7.5% of confirmed cases, i.e. 3 cases from W39 to W41, and 1 case in W42 ).
Twelve (0.29%) children under the age of 15 have been reported as confirmed cases since May 2022. No new pediatric confirmed cases have been reported this week. Confirmed adult cases have a median age of 36; 25% of adult cases are under 29 years old and 25% are 43 to 81 years old.

Among the confirmed cases for which information is available, 92 (2.2%) were hospitalized because of their Monkeypox virus infection; this proportion remains stable over time.

No deaths have been reported to date.

The distribution of cases by symptom onset date (when known) is shown in Figure 2. The case symptom onset date ranges from May 7 to October 28, 2022. , the data of the last weeks are not consolidated. The reports received do not always mention the date of onset of the symptoms. As an alternative to this information, the distribution of cases according to their date of reporting is presented in Figure 3.

These updated data show that the peak of contamination took place at the end of June/beginning of July and that the number of confirmed cases has since decreased.
To date, the weekly number of confirmed cases has fallen below the threshold of 10 cases. However, we must remain cautious because improving knowledge of the disease can reduce the need for treatment by the best-informed populations. Several other countries, particularly in Europe, are seeing similar trends in the number of new cases reported over the past 3 months.

Figure 1. Laboratory-confirmed cases of monkeypox (n=4,075 cases) by region of residence (or by reporting region when region of residence is unknown), France, May-November 2022 (data as of 01/11/2022 – 12:00 p.m.)

Figure 2. Laboratory-confirmed cases of monkeypox (n=3,021 cases, number of missing data: 1,076) by week of onset of symptoms, France, May-November 2022 (data as of 01/11/2022 – 12:00 p.m.).

The data for the last few weeks (in light blue) are not fully consolidated.

Figure 3. Biologically confirmed cases of monkeypox (n= 4,094 cases) by reporting week, France, May-November 2022 (data as of 01/11/2022 – 12:00 p.m.).

The data for the last week (in light blue) is not fully consolidated. The reporting low observed in week 28 (July 11 to 17) can be explained by the July 14 public holiday.

...'

https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/les-actualites/2022/cas-de-variole-du-singe-point-de-situation-au-1er-novembre-2022

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Translation Google
Case of monkeypox: update on November 15, 2022

Update on November 15, 2022 of confirmed cases of monkey pox ( Monkeypox in English) reported in France and around the world. The next update of this report will take place on November 15, 2022.

Posted on November 16, 2022
...

Update in France

As of 15 November 2022 at 12:00 p.m., 4,104 confirmed cases of infection with the Monkeypox virus have been identified in France, i.e. 7 additional cases since the assessment of 1 November.

The distribution of confirmed cases by region of residence (or by reporting region when the region of residence is unknown) is presented in figure 1. The Ile-de-France region concentrates the largest number of cases (2,498, i.e. 60, 8%), followed by Occitania (312 cases), Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (287 cases) and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (270 cases); 22 cases reside abroad (figure 1).

The vast majority of confirmed adult cases identified to date are male and 108 cases over the age of 15 (2.6%) are female. The proportion of female cases reached a peak in W36 where it reached 13.6% (16 cases out of 118) then decreased (with 7.5% of confirmed cases, i.e. 3 cases from W39 to W41, and 2 cases in W42 ). No confirmed female cases have been reported since S42.

Twelve (0.29%) children under the age of 15 have been reported as confirmed cases since May 2022. No new pediatric confirmed cases have been reported this week. Confirmed adult cases have a median age of 36; 25% of adult cases are under 29 years old and 25% are 43 to 81 years old.

Among the confirmed cases for which information is available, 94 (2.3%) were hospitalized because of their Monkeypox virus infection; this proportion remains stable over time.

No deaths have been reported to date.

The distribution of cases by symptom onset date (when known) is shown in Figure 2. Symptom onset date for confirmed cases ranges from May 7 to October 26, 2022. declaration, the data of the last weeks are not consolidated. The reports received do not always mention the date of onset of the symptoms. As an alternative to this information, the distribution of cases according to their date of reporting is presented in Figure 3.

Since the peak of contamination reached at the end of June/beginning of July, the number of confirmed cases has decreased. To date, the weekly number of confirmed cases has fallen below the threshold of 5 cases. However, we must remain cautious because improving knowledge of the disease can reduce the need for treatment by the best-informed populations. Several other countries, particularly in Europe, are seeing similar trends in the number of new cases reported since the end of the summer. In the past 4 weeks, only 6.4% of global cases have been reported in the WHO Europe region , and 90% in the Americas.

Figure 1. Laboratory-confirmed monkeypox cases (n= 4,082 cases) by region of residence (or by reporting region when region of residence is unknown), France, May-November 2022 (data as of 11/15/2022 – 12:00 p.m.)

Figure 2. Biologically confirmed cases of monkeypox (n=3,028 cases, number of missing data: 1,076) by week of onset of symptoms, France, May-November 2022 (data as of 15/11/2022 – 12:00 p.m.).

The data for the last few weeks is not fully consolidated.

Figure 3. Biologically confirmed cases of monkeypox (n= 4,103 cases) by reporting week, France, May-November 2022 (data as of 11/15/2022 – 12:00 p.m.).

The data for the last week (in light blue) is not fully consolidated. The reporting low observed in week 28 (July 11 to 17) can be explained by the July 14 public holiday.


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https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/les-actualites/2022/cas-de-variole-du-singe-point-de-situation-au-15-novembre-2022

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Translation Google

Opinion of the Health Risk Monitoring and Anticipation Committee
(COVARS)
from November 22, 2022
ON THE MONKEYPOX VIRUS OUTBREAK
...
22 NOVEMBER 2022, Amended on 27 November 2022

REFERRAL ON THE MONKEYPOX VIRUS OUTBREAK
from September 29, 2022
by Mrs Sylvie RETAILLEAU, Minister of Higher Education and Research
and Mr François BRAUN, Minister of Health and Prevention.

For the past few weeks, a decrease in the number of weekly cases has been observed, and a
regular increase in the number of vaccinated subjects with around 100,000 vaccinated subjects at
date with a first dose. The number of reported cases is probably not consistent with the
reality, samples and declarations not being systematically carried out. It nevertheless seems
that the epidemic, in decline, remains confined to subjects at risk. What is the assessment of COVARS on
this subject, its projections on the future of the epidemic, in France and in Europe?
...
22 NOVEMBER 2022, Amended on 27 November 2022

FOREWORD

The COVARS, questioned on the future of the so-called “monkey pox” epidemic due to Monkeypox virus infection
raging in France and around the world since May 2022 has highlighted the particularities of this epidemic, differentiating it
endemic infection in Africa. These peculiarities reside in the affected population - mainly
young men- and in the mode of transmission, mainly linked to multiple sexual contacts. The epidemic
decreased rapidly in France and around the world, after a peak in the summer of 2022, partly thanks to strong actions of
prevention measures implemented by health authorities and associations linking these communities. The control of
the epidemic also benefited from the prior existence of a treatment and a vaccine directed against the neighboring virus
smallpox.

COVARS has carried out a documented review of knowledge and data on the epidemiological situation of the virus
and disease, its treatment and prevention. COVARS also listened to the institutions responsible for monitoring
epidemiology (Santé Publique France [SPF]) and research (National Agency for Research on AIDS,
hepatitis and emerging infectious diseases [ANRS-MIE]) as well as two experts in infectious diseases at
sexual transmission and zoonoses linked to poxviruses.

Like all national and international experts, COVARS has emphasized the preeminent role of
behavioral changes in the initial reduction of the epidemic relayed by the vaccine intervention
allowing a lasting reduction of the epidemic. COVARS also underlined the importance of eliminating
rapid and precautions to be taken vis-à-vis domestic and wild animals in order to avoid retrozoonotic
transmission in our countries. COVARS also raised issues related to the low level of knowledge about this
infection, its natural hosts, its modes of transmission, the efficacy and durability of vaccine protection and
highlighted specific areas for research.

Current uncertainties have not allowed modellers to build robust forecasting models.
However, taking into account the elimination objectives defined by the WHO for the European region, the COVARS has
collectively proposed scenarios concerning the general population for which the epidemic risks are
weak, as well as the population currently affected by the disease. For the latter, a trajectory towards the elimination of
symptomatic infection with Monkeypox virus is possible in the short term thanks to the maintenance of the measures of
prevention.

For COVARS, the most likely scenario in the medium and long term is that of maintaining viral circulation at
Europe-wide low noise making the hypothesis of complete elimination of Monkeypox virus infection
unlikely and leading to a risk of epidemic or even seasonal outbreaks in France and Europe.

In order to limit these risks of resurgence and increase resilience to the disease, COVARS recommends
strengthen the actions of:

▪ PREVENTION by involving, in a coordinated and participatory manner, the actions of health authorities and
associations and by strengthening the vaccination campaign to induce lasting immunity,
▪ SURVEILLANCE in the human population by including this disease in the burden of infections with
sexual transmission,
▪ RESEARCH, in order to better characterize this disease, the vaccine and the treatment and to implement
monitoring and anticipation actions in the human population and in wildlife in order to prevent risks
of epidemic recovery.

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https://solidarites-sante.gouv.fr/actualites/presse/dossiers-de-presse/article/comite-de-veille-et-d-anticipation-des-risques-sanitaires

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Translation Google
Case of monkeypox: update on January 24, 2023

Update on January 24, 2023 of confirmed cases of monkey pox (Monkeypox in English) reported in France and around the world.

Posted on January 25, 2023
...

Update in France


As of 12:00 p.m. on January 24, 2023, 4,982 cases of Monkeypox virus infection have been recorded in France, including 4,128 (83%) biologically confirmed cases, i.e. 13 additional cases since the December 20 assessment, and 854 (17%) probable or possible cases, not biologically confirmed, i.e. one additional case since the assessment of December 20.

The distribution of cases by region of residence (or by reporting region when the region of residence is unknown) is presented in Figures 1 and 2. The Ile-de-France region concentrates the largest number of cases (3,119, i.e. 63 %), followed by Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (355 cases), Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (334 cases), and Occitanie (330 cases); 27 cases reside abroad.

The vast majority of adult cases reported to date are male and 2.9% are female over the age of 15 (143 cases, including 113 biologically confirmed cases and 30 unconfirmed cases). The proportion of female cases reached 14.2% in W36/2022 (19 cases out of a total of 134), then decreased to around 10% between W37 and W40. This proportion then increased again until W46, but with a low and decreasing number of cases (1 case in W46). The low numbers and the absence of information on a possible transsexuality of these female cases did not allow to conclude on a possible modification of the dynamics of transmission of the virus. Since S47, only one case has been reported in a woman, in S02/2023 (unconsolidated data).

The median age of adult cases is 36; 25% of cases are under 29 years old and 25% are between 43 and 81 years old.

Twenty-four children under the age of 15 (0.5% of total cases) have been reported since May 2022 (12 biologically confirmed cases and 12 unconfirmed cases).

Non-biologically confirmed cases have a profile similar to confirmed cases: 3.6% of adults are female (vs. 2.8% of confirmed adult cases), the median age of adults is 36 years old as in cases confirmed and the majority reside in Ile-de-France (72% vs. 61% of confirmed cases).

Among all the cases for which information is available, 100 (3.2%) were hospitalized because of their infection with the Monkeypox virus; this proportion is stable over time.

No deaths have been reported to date.

The distribution of cases according to the date of onset of symptoms (when this is known) and the type of case (biologically confirmed or not) is presented in Figure 3.
The date of onset of symptoms of the cases extends between the 7 May 2022 and January 13, 2023. Given the reporting deadlines, the data for the last few weeks is not consolidated. The reports received do not always mention the date of onset of the symptoms. As an alternative to this information, the distribution of cases according to their date of reporting is presented in Figure 4.

The interpretation of the dynamics of the epidemic is not modified depending on whether the analysis concerns only confirmed cases or all cases (confirmed, probable and possible). Since the peak of contaminations reached at the end of June/beginning of July, the number of cases has fallen sharply, whether they are biologically confirmed or unconfirmed cases. Currently, the weekly number of declared cases varies between 1 and 3. We must nevertheless remain cautious because the improvement in knowledge of the disease can reduce the use of care by the best informed populations.

This significant decrease in the number of cases is also observed worldwide. The number of new global cases decreased by 3% in S03 2023 compared to the previous week ( https://worldhealthorg.shinyapps.io/mpx_global/ ). The majority of cases reported since S52 2022 have been reported by countries in the Americas (78%) and Africa region (14%).

Figure 1. Total monkeypox cases (n= 4,955 cases) by region of residence (or by reporting region when region of residence is unknown), France, May 2022-January 2023 (data as of 01/24/2023 – 12:00 p.m.)

Figure 2. Biologically confirmed cases (n= 4,105) by region of residence (or by reporting region when the region of residence is unknown), France, May 2022-January 2023 (data as of 01/24/2023 – 12:00 p.m.)

Figure 3. Monkeypox cases (n= 3,761 cases, number of missing data = 1,221) by week of onset of symptoms and by type of case (biologically confirmed or not), France, May 2022-January 2023 ( data as of 01/24/2023 – 12:00 p.m.).

Data for the past three weeks is not fully consolidated.

Figure 4. Monkeypox cases (n= 4,980 cases, number of missing data = 2) by reporting week and by type of case (biologically confirmed or not), France, May 2022-January 2023 (data as of 24 /01/2023 – 12:00 p.m.).

Data for the last week is not fully consolidated. The reporting low observed in week 28 (July 11 to 17) can be explained by the July 14 public holiday.

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https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/l...4-janvier-2023

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Translation Google


Monkey pox: update in France as of March 23, 2023

Public Health France publishes an update on March 23, 2023 on cases of monkeypox ( mpox in English and formerly monkeypox ) following the reporting and investigation of clustered cases in the Centre-Val de Loire region.

Posted on March 30, 2023
...

New elements since the last report of January 24, 2023

1. Occurrence of 17 grouped cases of mpox in the Centre-Val de Loire region
2. 1 other case reported outside this cluster
3. The characteristics of the cases identified remain unchanged

This assessment includes cases confirmed biologically by PCR or not. These include probable cases (suggestive clinical signs + at-risk contact of a confirmed case) and possible cases (suggestive clinical signs + exposure to risk of infection).

At the international level and due to differences in surveillance protocols depending on the country, biologically confirmed cases remain the reference indicator for comparing epidemiological situations between countries.

Update in France

In early May 2022, cases of monkeypox ( mpox ) not directly linked to travel to Central or West Africa where the virus is present, or to people returning from travel, were reported in Europe and the the world. Since that date, the disease has been the subject, in France as in Europe, of enhanced surveillance based on the Mandatory Declaration, the form of which has been specifically updated.

As of 23 March 2023 at 12:00 p.m., 5,000 cases of infection with the mpox virus have been recorded in France, i.e. 18 additional cases since the assessment of 24 January. Among these 5,000 cases, 4,144 (83%) were biologically confirmed and 856 (17%) are probable or possible cases, not biologically confirmed.

The distribution of cases by region of residence (or by reporting region when the region of residence is unknown) is presented in Figures 1 and 2. The Ile-de-France region concentrates the largest number of cases (3,120, i.e. 63 %), followed by Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (356 cases), Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (334 cases), and Occitanie (330 cases); 27 cases reside abroad. The 18 new cases declared since the last report all concern men and 17 of them were diagnosed in the Centre-Val de Loire region ( see below ).
The vast majority of adult cases reported to date are male and 2.9% are female over the age of 15 (143 cases, including 113 biologically confirmed cases and 30 unconfirmed cases). No female cases have been diagnosed since the assessment of January 24, 2023.

The median age of adult cases is 36 years; 25% of cases are under 29 years old and 25% are between 43 and 81 years old.

Twenty-four children under the age of 15 (0.5% of total cases) have been reported since May 2022 (12 biologically confirmed cases and 12 unconfirmed cases). No pediatric case has been diagnosed since the assessment of January 24, 2023.

The non-biologically confirmed cases have a profile comparable to the confirmed cases: 3.7% of adults are female (vs. 2.8% of confirmed adult cases), the median age of adults is 36 years as in cases confirmed and the majority reside in Ile-de-France (72% vs. 60% of confirmed cases).

Of all the cases for which information is available, 101 (2.0%) were hospitalized for treatment of their mpox virus infection; this proportion is stable over time.

No deaths have been reported to date.

The distribution of cases according to the date of onset of symptoms (when this is known) and the type of case (biologically confirmed or not) is presented in Figure 3. The date of onset of symptoms of the cases extends between the 7 May 2022 and March 12, 2023. Given the reporting delays, the data for the last few weeks is not consolidated.

The reports received do not always mention the date of onset of the symptoms. As an alternative to this information, the distribution of cases according to their date of reporting is presented in Figure 4.

Figure 1. Total monkeypox cases (n= 4,973 cases) by region of residence (or by reporting region when region of residence is unknown), France, May 2022-March 2023 (data as of 03/23/2023 – 12:00 p.m.)

Figure 2. Biologically confirmed cases (n= 4,122) by region of residence (or by reporting region when the region of residence is unknown), France, May 2022-March 2023 (data as of 03/23/2023 – 12:00 p.m.)

Figure 3. Monkeypox cases (n= 3,779 cases, number of missing data = 1,221) by week of onset of symptoms and by type of case (biologically confirmed or not), France, May 2022-March 2023 ( data as of 03/23/2023 – 12:00 p.m.)

Data for the past three weeks is not fully consolidated.

Figure 4. Monkeypox cases (n= 4,998 cases, number of missing data = 2) by reporting week and by type of case (biologically confirmed or not), France, May 2022-March 2023 (data as of 23 /03/2023 – 12:00 p.m.).

Data for the last week is not fully consolidated. The reporting low observed in week 28 (July 11 to 17) can be explained by the July 14 public holiday.

Grouped cases in the Centre-Val de Loire region, January to March 2023

Between January 1, 2023 and March 23, 2023, 17 confirmed male cases were reported in the Centre-Val de Loire region, including 14 since March 1, 2023.
The investigation carried out showed that all these cases concerned men who have sex with men (MSM), several of whom reported having had several partners without always being able to identify them. No parties or events common to the cases were identified.

The cases are between the ages of 24 and 56 (median 40). The clinical characteristics of these cases remain similar to those previously observed; no case required hospitalization.

Six of the 17 cases received no smallpox vaccination, 1 reported having a non-complete vaccination schedule (vaccination in childhood with a 1st generation smallpox vaccine) and 10 reported a complete vaccination schedule: 5 with a 1st generation smallpox vaccine in childhood + 1 dose of 3rd generation vaccine in 2022, and 5 with 2 doses of 3rd generation vaccine in 2022.

Given the high proportion (59%) of vaccinated in this cluster , investigations were carried out by Public Health France and the Tours Regional Pharmacovigilance Center. The proportion of vaccinated cases is higher than what is observed at the national level (25% of male cases of mpoxdeclared between October and February 2023 in France concerned vaccinated men). It is appropriate to await the results of real-life efficacy studies which will allow better interpretation of these data. To date, there is little perspective on the efficacy of 3rd generation vaccines against mpox infection . There are no data on long-term protection after a full vaccination course, nor in population subgroups. These vaccines are subject to pharmacovigilance monitoring coordinated by the ANSM. To date, no signal has been issued on the quality or safety of these vaccines.

This episode suggests at this stage a localized transmission in the Touraine sector, in a context of almost no cases reported in the rest of the country. Among the reported cases, some indicated at-risk contacts and exposures in other regions, particularly in Ile-de-France.

After a week without reporting, a new case was reported on March 24 and is under investigation.
Pending robust data on the real-life efficacy of mpox vaccines , this cluster urges vigilance. Mpox infections can occur in people who have received a full course of vaccination, and it is important to think about this diagnosis in case of rash or mucous membrane, including in people who are correctly vaccinated. Surveillance of mpox requires that vaccination status be collected for all notifiable mpox cases .

This episode suggests at this stage a localized transmission in the Touraine sector, in a context of almost no cases reported in the rest of the country. The recommendations for prevention remain valid, in particular the avoidance of sexual intercourse in the event of lesions suggestive of mpox and the use of condoms for 2 months after healing. Vaccination remains recommended, and remains effective in the majority of people who have received a complete vaccination schedule to prevent the risk of infection. It is important to verify that eligible persons*, including multipartner MSM, are up to date with the mpox vaccination. For people born before 1979, in the absence of proof of smallpox vaccination on the card or of a characteristic scar, it is recommended that they receive a 2nd dose of 3rd generation vaccine.

After the peak of contamination reached at the end of June/beginning of July, the number of cases fell sharply, whether biologically confirmed or unconfirmed, and very rare cases were reported between November 2022 and February 2023. Cases however, may not seek care and may not be diagnosed or reported.

This low level of apparent incidence is also observed globally, with around 100 cases reported each week, and less than 10 in Europe over the past 3 weeks (https://worldhealthorg.shinyapps.io/mpx_global/ ) .

Pending robust data on the real-life effectiveness of vaccines against mpox , the cluster currently monitored in the Center Val de Loire region calls for vigilance as the season of international MSM festivals and marches approaches. prides. The recommendations for prevention remain valid, in particular the avoidance of sexual intercourse in the event of lesions suggestive of mpox , and the use of condoms.

MPox infections can occur in people who have received a full course of vaccination, and it is important to consider this diagnosis in case of typical mpox lesions even in people who are correctly vaccinated. Surveillance of mpox requires that vaccination status be collected for all notifiable mpox cases


...

https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/les-actualites/2023/variole-du-singe-point-de-situation-en-france-au-23-mars-2023

[Mary Wilson]

Google Translate:

West-France with NG
Published on 03/31/2023 at 11:47

A cluster of monkeypox detected in the Centre-Val de Loire

Between January 1, 2023 and March 23, 2023, seventeen cases of monkeypox were recorded in Centre-Val de Loire, fourteen of which since March 1. This cluster is made up exclusively of men between the ages of 24 and 56, and ten of them claimed to have a complete vaccination course. Faced with this large proportion of vaccinated people, the health authorities decided to carry out investigations.

A cluster of monkey pox has been detected in Centre-Val de Loire. From January 1 to March 23, 2023, seventeen cases of "Monkeypox" were identified in the region, including fourteen since March 1, indicates Public Health France in a situation report relayed by Le Parisien . All those affected are men between the ages of 24 and 56 “who have sex with men (MSM)”. “No parties or events common to the cases have been identified. […] No case required hospitalization, ”specifies the health authority.

A majority of cases are in vaccinated people

Six of these seventeen patients were unvaccinated against monkeypox and one reported having an incomplete vaccination schedule. The other ten reported having “a complete vaccination course”. "Given the high proportion (59%) of vaccinated in this cluster, investigations were carried out by Public Health France and the Regional Pharmacovigilance Center of Tours", indicates the organization. At the national level, only 25% of cases concern vaccinated people.
In France, as of March 23, 2023, 5,000 cases of infection with this virus have been identified, i.e. eighteen more than during the last report carried out on January 24. Only one other case was therefore identified in this period outside the Centre-Val de Loire cluster.

Un cluster de variole du singe détecté dans le Centre-Val de Loire

https://www.ouest-france.fr/sante/virus/variole-du-singe/un-cluster-de-variole-du-singe-detecte-dans-le-centre-val-de-loire-b5cdb446-cfa4-11ed-a868-655b51cfc7cb

[yielddude]

THE mpox virus might have mutated making it resistant to the jab, experts fear.

It comes after 59 per cent of people in a new mpox outbreak in France tested positive for the bug despite claiming to be fully vaccinated.

https://www.thesun.ie/health/10499448/monkeypox-mpox-mutate-vaccine/

[Pathfinder]

Translation Google

Monkeypox (mpox): update in France as of April 27, 2023

Public Health France publishes an update on April 27, 2023 on cases of monkeypox ( mpox in English and formerly monkeypox ) since the start of the global epidemic.

Posted May 3, 2023
...

New elements since the last report

1. Occurrence of 2 new cases in addition to the 17 grouped cases of mpox in the Center Val de Loire region.
2. The most recent case was reported the first week of April.
3. Modification of the definitions of cases, contact at risk and the action to be taken .

Update in France

This update includes cases confirmed biologically by PCR or not. These include probable cases (suggestive clinical signs + at-risk contact of a confirmed case) and possible cases (suggestive clinical signs + exposure at risk of infection) that have disappeared in the new case definitions and course of action. Indeed, due to the low number of new cases, the predictive value of the clinical diagnosis decreases and these possible cases must be tested again.
At the international level and due to differences in surveillance protocols depending on the country, biologically confirmed cases remain the reference indicator for comparing epidemiological situations between countries.

In early May 2022, cases of monkeypox ( mpox ) not directly linked to travel to Central or West Africa where the virus is present, or to people returning from travel, were reported in Europe and the the world. Since that date, the disease has been the subject, in France as in Europe, of enhanced surveillance based on the Mandatory Declaration, the form of which has been specifically updated.

As of 27 April 2023 at 12:00 p.m., 5,002 cases of infection with the mpox virus have been recorded in France, i.e. 2 additional cases since the assessment of 23 March. Of these 5,002 cases, 4,146 (83%) were laboratory confirmed.

The distribution of cases by region of residence (or by reporting region when the region of residence is unknown) is presented in Figures 1 and 2. The Ile-de-France region concentrates the largest number of cases (3,120, i.e. 63 %), followed by Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (356 cases), Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (334 cases), and Occitanie (330 cases); 27 cases reside abroad. The 22 cases that have occurred since the start of 2023 are all men, and among them, 19 were diagnosed in the Centre-Val de Loire region (see below).

The vast majority of adult cases (15 years and older) reported to date are male. Only 2.9% of them are women (143 cases, including 112 biologically confirmed cases). No female case has been diagnosed since the beginning of 2023.

The median age of adult cases is 36; 25% of cases are under 29 years old and 25% are between 43 and 81 years old.

Twenty-four children under the age of 15 (0.5% of total cases) have been reported since May 2022 (including 12 biologically confirmed cases). No pediatric case has been diagnosed since the beginning of 2023.

Non-biologically confirmed cases have a profile comparable to confirmed cases: 3.7% of adults are female (vs. 2.7% of confirmed adult cases ), the median age of adults is 36 years as in confirmed cases and the majority resides in Ile-de-France (72% vs. 61% of confirmed cases).

Of all the cases for which information is available, 101 (3.2%) were hospitalized for treatment of their infection with the mpox virus; this proportion is stable over time.

No deaths have been reported to date.

The distribution of cases according to the date of onset of symptoms (when this is known) and the type of case (biologically confirmed or not) is presented in Figure 3. The date of onset of symptoms of the cases extends between the 7 May 2022 and March 24, 2023. Given the reporting deadlines, the data for the last few weeks is not consolidated. The reports received do not always mention the date of onset of the symptoms. As an alternative to this information, the distribution of cases according to their date of reporting is presented in Figure 4.

Figure 1. Total monkeypox cases (n= 4,975 cases) by region of residence (or by reporting region when region of residence is unknown), France, May 2022-April 2023 (data as of 04/27/2023 – 12:00 p.m.)

Figure 2. Biologically confirmed cases (n= 4,124) by region of residence (or by reporting region when the region of residence is unknown), France, May 2022-April 2023 (data as of 04/27/2023 – 12:00 p.m.)

Figure 3. Monkeypox cases (n= 3,781 cases, number of missing data = 1,221) by week of onset of symptoms and by type of case (biologically confirmed or not), France, May 2022-April 2023 ( data as of 04/27/2023 – 12:00 p.m.).

Data for the past three weeks is not fully consolidated.

Figure 3. Monkeypox cases (n= 5,000 cases, number of missing data = 2) by reporting week and by type of case (biologically confirmed or not), France, May 2022-April 2023 (data as of 27 /04/2023 – 12:00 p.m.).

Data for the last week is not fully consolidated. The reporting low observed in week 28 (July 11 to 17) can be explained by the July 14 public holiday.

Grouped cases in the Centre-Val de Loire region, January to April 2023

Between January 1, 2023 and April 3, 2023, 19 confirmed male cases were reported in the Centre-Val de Loire region, including 16 since March 1.

The investigation carried out showed that all of these cases, with the exception of one, concerned men who have sex with men (MSM), several of whom reported having had several partners without always being able to identify. No party or event common to a majority of cases has been identified.

The cases are between the ages of 24 and 56 (median 40). The clinical characteristics of these cases remain similar to those previously observed; no case required hospitalization.

Among the 19 cases, 7 did not receive any smallpox vaccination, 2 reported having an incomplete vaccination regimen (vaccination in childhood with a 1st generation smallpox vaccine for one, a vaccination dose with a vaccine 3rd generation in 2022 for the other) and 10 reported a complete vaccination schedule: 4 with a 1st generation smallpox vaccine in childhood + 1 dose of 3rd generation vaccine in 2022, and 6 with 2 doses of vaccine 3rd generation in 2022.

Given the high proportion (53%) of vaccinated people in this cluster, investigations were carried out by Public Health France and the Tours Regional Pharmacovigilance Center. The proportion of vaccinated cases is higher than what is observed at the national level (25% of male cases of mpox declared between October and February 2023 in France concerned vaccinated men). It is appropriate to await the results of real-life efficacy studies which will allow better interpretation of these data. To date, there is little perspective on the efficacy of 3rd generation vaccines against mpox infection. There are no data on long-term protection after a full vaccination course, nor in population subgroups. These vaccines are subject to pharmacovigilance monitoring coordinated by the ANSM. To date, no signal has been issued on the quality or safety of these vaccines.

The mpox virus DNAs of the 19 cases (swabs between January 23 and March 21) were sequenced by the national reference laboratory (IRBA). The preliminary results made it possible to relate the sequences for 11 cases to the B1 lineage of clade IIb (clade of this global epidemic). Additional analyzes are still in progress for the last cases.

This episode indicates to date a localized transmission in the Touraine sector, in a context of virtual absence of cases reported in the rest of the country. Among the reported cases, some indicated at-risk contacts and exposures in other regions, particularly in Ile-de-France.

No new cases have been reported since April 3.


Pending robust data on the real-life efficacy of mpox vaccines , this cluster urges vigilance. Mpox infections can occur in people who have received a full course of vaccination, and it is important to think about this diagnosis in case of rash or mucous membrane, including in people who are correctly vaccinated. Surveillance of mpox requires that vaccination status be collected for all notifiable mpox cases .

This episode indicates to date a localized transmission in the Touraine sector, in a context of virtual absence of cases reported in the rest of the country. The recommendations for prevention remain valid, in particular the avoidance of sexual intercourse in the event of lesions suggestive of mpox and the use of condoms for 2 months after healing. Vaccination remains recommended, and remains effective in the majority of people who have received a complete vaccination schedule to prevent the risk of infection. It is important to verify that eligible persons ^* , including multipartner MSM, are up to date with the mpox vaccination. For people born before 1979, in the absence of proof of smallpox vaccination on the card or of a characteristic scar, it is recommended that they receive a 2nd ^dose of 3rd generation vaccine.

After the peak of contamination reached at the end of June/beginning of July 2022, the number of cases fell sharply, whether biologically confirmed or unconfirmed, and very rare cases were reported between November 2022 and April 2023. however, cases may not seek care and may not be diagnosed or reported.

This apparent low level of incidence is also seen globally, with 247 cases reported in the past three weeks, with the majority of these reported in the Americas (63%) and Western Pacific (25%) region. . In Europe, 27 cases have been reported in the last three weeks compared to 6 cases in the previous three weeks (WHO).

While waiting to have robust data on the real-life effectiveness of vaccines against mpox , the cluster that has been observed in the Center Val de Loire region calls for vigilance as the season of international MSM festivals approaches and pride marches. The recommendations for prevention remain valid, in particular the avoidance of sexual intercourse in the event of lesions suggestive of mpox , and the use of condoms.

MPox infections can occur in people who have received a full course of vaccination, and it is important to consider this diagnosis in case of typical mpox lesions even in people who are correctly vaccinated. Surveillance of mpox requires that vaccination status be collected for all notifiable mpox cases

...

https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/les-actualites/2023/variole-du-singe-mpox-point-de-situation-en-france-au-27-avril-2023

[Pathfinder]

Translation Google
Mpox epidemic in France: epidemiological characteristics and sexual behavior of cases over 15 years old, 2022

Published on January 15, 2024

Until May 2022, when non-travel related mpox cases occurred in several countries in Europe and North America, locally acquired mpox cases were rarely reported outside of West Africa and center where this virus is endemic. Mpox is a zoonotic disease caused by the mpox virus , sharing genomic and morphological characteristics with the virus that causes smallpox. Human-to-human transmission occurs through close contact with an infected person (e.g., skin-to-skin or sexual contact or with biological fluids) and occasionally through contact with contaminated surfaces, objects or tissues.

At the global level, the latest WHO report reported a total of 92,783 confirmed cases of mpox between the start of the epidemic and November 30, 2023. After a clear drop in the number of cases globally since the end of 2022, we observed a slight increase since July 2023.
In France, while a total of 4,975 cases were declared during the year 2022, 48 cases were declared between January 1 and December 14, 2023. More than 95% of cases involved men who have sex with men (MSM).

From the end of May 2022, Public Health France mobilized its Sexosafe system to alert the MSM population and disseminate targeted prevention messages to them. As part of a graduated communication plan, two campaigns relating to the identification of symptoms and the promotion of vaccination were broadcast from June 9, 2022 to September 30, 2022.

The study published this month in Eurosurveillance covering the first five months of this epidemic makes it possible to describe the cases of mpox and provides, for a subset of cases of men aged 15 and over, information allowing spot changes in sexual behavior patterns as the epidemic progressed.

3 questions to: Catarina Krug, Directorate of Regions, Emilie Chazelle, Directorate of Infectious Diseases and Arnaud Tarantola, Directorate of Regions

When the first cases were detected in the United Kingdom in May 2022, the French surveillance system moved from routine mandatory reporting of orthopox cases to enhanced surveillance of mpox cases. What does this reinforced surveillance consist of and why was it put in place?

In France, reinforced surveillance of mpox (formerly monkeypox or monkeypox) was put in place on May 20, 2022, concomitantly with the diagnosis of the first case in the territory. We had to learn everything about this emerging disease, and as quickly as possible, to guide treatment and prevention. This reinforced surveillance, based on a case definition and guidelines , consisted of backing up the mandatory declaration of orthopoxviruses (including mpox ) with an epidemiological investigation of all cases using a standardized questionnaire.

The first cases detected in Europe at the beginning of May 2022 occurred preferentially among MSM, a situation different from that known in African countries where the disease is endemic. The objectives of this investigation were multiple: to specify the clinical presentation of the cases, the circumstances of contamination and in particular the type of link between a case and its index case (source case), the profile of the cases (sex, age, sexual practices, profession …) and detect early a possible spread of the epidemic to other population groups. The elements collected thus made it possible to adjust the case definition and the action to be taken, but above all, to develop prevention messages, to define the target audiences as well as those for preventive vaccination.

This involved establishing the communications plan including strategies to reach particularly vulnerable groups. The messages were relayed by community associations and by Public Health France via the Sexosafe site , by posting in gay sociability places, broadcasting messages on affinity radio stations, etc. The questionnaire completed during the investigation of the cases also made it possible to identify the at-risk contacts of the cases for carrying out contact tracing in the region and priority referral for post-exposure vaccination. This monitoring also made it possible to better document transmissibility following daily contact (home, educational, healthcare environment).

In addition to the epidemiological investigation, the National Reference Center (CNR) for orthopoxviruses carried out the sequencing of the strains of certain cases to determine the clade of the monkeypox virus, to monitor the appearance of new lineages or sub-lineages of the virus, to look for the appearance of resistance mutations to the TECOVIRIMAT antiviral treatment or mutations favoring escape from the anti-smallpox vaccine proposed for prevention (or post-exposure) of mpox , or in the event of suspicion of re-infection or cluster .

Does the evolution of the demographic and behavioral profiles of the cases observed during your study allow us to formulate hypotheses? Can these observations be compared to management measures? Have similar observations been made at European level?

Demographic and behavioral profiles were studied among a subset of 2,216 men (aged 15 years or older) with an onset date of mpox symptoms between May and July 2022. Of these men, 96% reported having had sexual relations with other men. We noted a decrease between May and July 2022 in the proportion of cases of mpox declared in Île-de-France (from 78% to 37%) and those declaring having traveled to other countries (from 43% to 21% ) among all the cases. We also noted, during this period, a reduction in the median number of sexual partners (4 to 2), the proportion of cases frequenting places where MSM meet (60% to 46%), and the proportion of men living with HIV (31% to 22%) among all cases. Finally, we observed a drop in the proportion of users of pre-exposure prophylaxis (77% to 58%) among HIV-negative cases.

The evolution of the demographic and behavioral profiles of the cases observed during our study could be interpreted as a first circulation of the monkeypox virus in Île-de-France in May 2022, among an MSM population with high risks of exposure and infection (numerous sexual contacts), followed by nationwide spread of the virus in July 2022, among a lower risk MSM population (lower number of sexual contacts). It is also likely that the population affected by the epidemic has changed its behavior and reduced its number of partners following the prevention messages disseminated via specialized media and via associations.

This change in the behavior of MSM in 2022 has been observed by other international teams, particularly in the United States ( Clay et al 2023 ; Copen et al 2024 ; Delaney et al 2022 ; Phillips et al 2023 ).

Do the behavioral changes observed in this population provide avenues for other preventive actions? Is Public Health France carrying out other complementary studies to improve knowledge of the behavior of the MSM population?

Strengthened surveillance of cases of mpox has enabled the identification of populations most at risk of being exposed to the virus, such as MSM and sex workers, and their involvement in the fight against the epidemic, via associations community or fight against HIV. Targeted prevention messages, including those promoting vaccination, relayed in particular by associations, have favored the control of the mpox epidemic in 2022. The changes in behavior thus observed call for more systematic involvement of stakeholders, in particular associations , in the fight against epidemics, as well as for an expansion of communication targets as an epidemic spreads.
Following our study, the 2023 edition of the “Ratio to sex” (ERAS) survey , conducted among MSM by Public Health France in partnership with the ANRS – Emerging infectious diseases, included questions on changes in behavior during the first months of the mpox epidemic in 2022. Issues included reducing the number of sexual partners and anonymous sexual partners, as well as reducing attendance at places where MSM meet. The results will provide elements to better understand whether the evolution of the demographic and behavioral profiles of mpox cases observed between May and July 2022 is rather due to changes in the behavior of MSM with a lot of sexual contact, who may have had fewer sexual partners. to reduce their risk of infection by the monkeypox virus - or to the spread of the epidemic to less exposed populations.

At the start of 2024, while the number of monthly cases declared in France is relatively low, surveillance through compulsory declaration reinforced by epidemiological investigation of cases (with a simplified questionnaire) remains relevant. It is all the more important as there is currently (following the global clade IIb epidemic in 2022-2023) a major epidemic of clade I monkeypox virus - usually considered more virulent than clade II - in the Democratic Republic of Congo . In this context, it is also requested that any positive sample for the monkeypox virus be transmitted to the CNR of orthopoxviruses for the determination of the clade, in order to early detect a possible introduction into France of a clade I monkeypox virus strain.

[1] Krug Catarina, Tarantola Arnaud, Chazelle Emilie, Fougère Erica, Velter Annie, Guinard Anne, Souares Yvan, Mercier Anna, François Céline, Hamdad Katia, Tan-Lhernould Laetitia, Balestier Anita, Lahbib Hana, Etien Nicolas, Bernillon Pascale, De Lauzun Virginie, Durand Julien, Fayad Myriam, Investigation Team, De Valk Henriette, Beck François, Che Didier, Coignard Bruno, Lot Florence, Mailles Alexandra. Mpox outbreak in France: epidemiological characteristics and sexual behavior of cases aged 15 years or older, 2022 . Euro Surveillance 2023;28(50):pii=2200923

Learn more:

1. Monkeypox | Public health France
2. Surveillance of Mpox infection in Europe | WHO
3. The social marketing system | Public health France
4. Use of a social marketing system among men who have sex with men in times of crisis: the case of the Mpox epidemic in France, Mercier A, Etien N, Velter A.
5. ERAS survey | Public health France
6. Sexosafe | Public health France

https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/revues/articles-du-mois/2024/epidemie-de-mpox-en-france-caracteristiques-epidemiologiques-et-comportement-sexuel-de-cas-de-plus-de-15-ans-2022