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  • Paraguay declares state of emergency after first yellow fever death

    Paraguay declares state of emergency after first yellow fever death

    BUENOS ARIES, Feb. 5 (Xinhua) -- The Paraguayan health authorities on Tuesday declared a state of emergency after an Asuncion hospital confirmed the nation's first death for more than a century from yellow fever: a liver and kidney disease spread by mosquitoes.

    According to news reaching here, the dead man was a 24-year-oldfrom central Paraguayan department San Pedro who died in Asuncion's Clinic as Hospital from renal and liver failure.

    Adolfo Galeano, an epidemiologist and the hospitals director, said the young man had fallen ill after hunting for monkeys with a group of friends.

    "What we suspected is now proven," Galeano told a Tuesday press conference, adding that the hospital had studied a biopsy and performed an autopsy to confirm the result.

    He said that the body was also caring for 22-year-old Carlos Leiva in its intensive care unit suffering from critical liver failure and complications, after surgeons removed one of his kidneys.

    Leiva had been admitted by his relatives. He comes from the village of Calle 8000, which is seven kilometers from San Estanislao, the capital of San Pedro.

    Carmen Serrano, Paraguay's representative to the Pan-American Health Organization, said the outbreak of yellow fever was due to monkeys moving to the edge of cities after forest destruction. Forest fires recently destroyed thousands of hectares of crops and forest in San Pedro.

    During the same press conference, the nation's Health Minister, Oscar Martinez, said that there were five confirmed yellow fever cases in the nation.

    "We are in the middle of investigating outbreaks of yellow fever, and we are also intervening to destroy vectors in the towns where they have been detected, including spraying, fumigation and vaccination," Martinez said.

    Authorities had already declared a state of emergency last week after confirming two deaths from dengue fever in the northeast of the country, close to the border with Brazil, and more than 300 suspected cases across the nation.

    Gualberto Pinanez, head of the Ministry's sanitary vigilance department, said that the yellow fever remains endemic in the Amazon and that the Ministry would continue fighting the mosquito that spreads the disease.

    "We are about to take on a great deal of work. The situation is very serious and merits the support of all the population to prevent an epidemic," he said, adding that like hemorrhagic dengue fever, yellow fever kills 75 percent of those who are seriously affected.

    The last yellow fever death in Paraguay was in 1904 and the last confirmed cases of infection were in 1974.


  • #2
    Re: Paraguay declares state of emergency after first yellow fever death

    <TABLE class=formlayout summary=""><TBODY><TR><TD noWrap align=right>Archive Number</TD><TD noWrap align=left>20080214.0583</TD></TR><TR><TD noWrap align=right>Published Date</TD><TD noWrap align=left>14-FEB-2008</TD></TR><TR><TD noWrap align=right>Subject</TD><TD noWrap align=left>PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Paraguay (04): (Asuncion) urban susp.</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

    YELLOW FEVER - PARAGUAY (04): (ASUNCION) URBAN SUSPECTEDA ProMED-mail post<http://www.promedmail.org>ProMED-mail is a program of theInternational Society for Infectious Diseases<http://www.isid.org>Date: 14 Feb 2008Source: Xinhua [edited]<http://www.chinaview.cn>Panic hit the outskirts of Paraguay's capital Asuncion Wednesday [13 Feb 2008] as thousands of people raced to get yellow fever vaccinations after 2 cases, one of them fatal, were uncovered [near] the city.The Health Ministry's Sanitary Surveillance Director Gualberto Pinanez said Wednesday [13 Feb 2008] that the 2 "urbanized" yellow fever cases "can almost be confirmed" in San Lorenzo, 20 km from Asuncion.On 8 Jan 2008, a San Lorenzo resident [man], 25, died from apparent yellow fever and his neighbor, [a woman], 39, is seriously ill at Asuncion's Clinics Hospital, suffering from similar symptoms.If confirmed, these would be the first 2 "urban" yellow fever cases in the country [and in South America. - Mod.JW].Paraguay's Health Ministry has recognized 5 yellow fever cases since early 2008, but all of them occurred in rural districts of the San Pedro (central) state. Additionally, a farmer from the same region died in early February [2008] at a hospital in Asuncion with yellow fever symptoms, but the final official results are yet to be announced.The cases spread fear among residents in the neighborhood of Laurelty, San Lorenzo, Wednesday [13 Feb 2008]. In response, the authorities dispatched a number of medical brigades to vaccinate people who live within a one-km radius of the victims' homes. But the vaccines ran out within a few hours due to the massive demand.Paraguay's Health Ministry's Immunization director Victor Caceres moved to reassure the residents, saying that around 700 000 doses will come from Brazil and Peru within a few days, and the Pan American Health Organization (OPS) also promised to provide vaccines.Meanwhile, Paraguay's Health Vice Minister Antonio Barrios called on residents to help fight yellow fever by destroying the _Aedes aegypti_ mosquito's breeding places, as they spread [YF] as well as dengue. Barrios said there are a lot of those breeding places in many neighborhoods of Asuncion, according to data obtained from dengue surveys. There was an outbreak of dengue in 2007, with 27 000 infected people and 17 deaths.[Byline: Du Guodong]--Communicated by ProMED-mail<promed@promedmail.org>[Urban YF is YF that is transmitted in a town or city by the urban mosquito vector _Aedes aegypti_. The other cases in Paraguay (and in Brazil so far) have all been infected in rural areas. It is hard to see how a vaccine that will arrive "within a few days" and takes 10 days to produce its full effect will do anything to stop this urban epidemic if it has already started. Cities in Brazil and Argentina, take note and be prepared.Regarding statements in the media that the last YF deaths in Paraguay were in 1904, Paraguay informed WHO that it had 9 cases, 3 of them fatal, in 1974 - see:<http://whqlibdoc.who.int/wer/WHO_WER_1974/WER1974_49_141-148%20(N%C2%B017).pdf> page 144. ProMED is grateful to Steve Berger for this reference.Locator map of Paraguay:<http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=64829&rendTypeId=4>- Mod.JW] http://tinyurl.com/32h4na
    </PRE>
    CSI:WORLD http://swineflumagazine.blogspot.com/

    treyfish2004@yahoo.com

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    • #3
      Re: Paraguay declares state of emergency after first yellow fever death

      <SCRIPT src="http://Ads1.msn.com/library/dap.js" type=text/javascript><script type="text/javascript" />http://c.msn.com/c.gif?NC=1255&NA=11...nbc.msn.com%2f
      <div><table style="width:100%"><tr><td>&#160;&#160;MSNBC.com</td></tr></table><script>HideAdFrame('StoryToolbarSponsorship ');ChangeSpons orAdTitle();</SCRIPT>
      <HR>4,000 block Paraguay road, demand vaccines
      Shots in short supply as disease returns to Paraguay for first time in years
      The Associated Press
      updated 11:52 a.m. PT, Wed., Feb. 13, 2008
      <SCRIPT language=javascript> function UpdateTimeStamp(pdt) { var n = document.getElementById("udtD"); if(pdt != '' && n && window.DateTime) { var dt = new DateTime(); pdt = dt.T2D(pdt); if(dt.GetTZ(pdt)) {n.innerHTML = dt.D2S(pdt,(('false'.toLowerCase()=='false')?false :true));} } } UpdateTimeStamp('633385291400430000');</SCRIPT>
      ASUNCION, Paraguay - Some 4,000 people demanding vaccinations against yellow fever blockaded a highway near the capital Wednesday, a week after the disease made its first appearance in Paraguay in 34 years.
      The blockade snarled traffic for hours on a major route near Asuncion before authorities negotiated a peaceful end to the demonstration, police officer Francisco Monges said. There were no reports of violence.
      Paraguayan health officials last week announced five confirmed cases of yellow fever that originated in a remote farm community, but no deaths. The outbreak prompted South America's second-poorest country to urgently request 600,000 doses of vaccine from international health authorities.
      Demonstrators complained the government had been caught short of doses and demanded a major vaccination campaign against the mosquito-borne disease. Hundreds of people lined up this week at hospitals around Paraguay, demanding vaccines that were unavailable.
      Separately, Paraguayan health officials said they were preparing to rush in 50,000 vaccines on a refrigerated plane from Brazil. Peru also had pledged thousands of doses.
      Paraguayan authorities had no immediate response to calls for a wider vaccination campaign. They initially said they were concentrating vaccination efforts on residents of the affected community of San Pedro, some 240 miles from the border with Brazil.
      The last reported case of yellow fever in Paraguay was in 1974.
      The World Health Organization says an estimated 30,000 people worldwide die annually from the disease. Symptoms can include fevers, vomiting, jaundice and bleeding from the mouth, nose, eyes and stomach.
      http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/23149574/
      kathybb and Shannon..from this thread http://67.210.96.104/forum/showthread.php?t=54219
      CSI:WORLD http://swineflumagazine.blogspot.com/

      treyfish2004@yahoo.com

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      • #4
        Re: Paraguay declares state of emergency after first yellow fever death

        Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases,
        Region of the Americas


        Vol. 5, No. 4 (11 February 2008) Main Updates index
        <HR>

        Jungle Yellow Fever (JYF) in Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina

        Brazil: In 2007 and the beginning of 2008, Brazil reported an intense and extensive epizootic of Jungle Yellow Fever in an area encompassing 6 states (Goi?s, the Federal District, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Tocantins, and S?o Paulo). The State Health Departments have confirmed the epizootic based on laboratory and clinical epidemiological criteria. In the past two months, 26 confirmed human cases were reported in 3 federal states (Goi?s, Mato Grosso do Sul, and the Federal District); 13 of the patients died. The affected areas have high vaccination coverage. Nevertheless, as part of ongoing control measures, health authorities have intensified vaccination for people living in or traveling to affected areas.
        Paraguay: On 15 January 2008, the national health authorities of Paraguay reported their first confirmed cases of Jungle Yellow Fever. One of the cases was confirmed using molecular techniques; the other four, by epidemiological nexus. As of 11 February 2008, 4 other suspected cases of JYF have been reported. All the confirmed cases reported by the national health authorities come from a rural area of San Pedro Department in the northern part of the country. National health authorities have intensified epidemiological surveillance for the detection and investigation of suspected cases, and yellow fever vaccination for people living in or traveling to the affected area who have no previous vaccination history.
        Argentina: In January 2008, the national health authorities of Argentina reported finding 17 dead monkeys in Pi?alito Park, San Pedro Department, Misiones Province. On 4 February 2008, yellow fever was confirmed in one of the primates using molecular techniques. Although there is high vaccination coverage in the area, national health authorities have intensified vaccination for people living in or traveling to the affected area who have no previous vaccination history.
        Recommended Strategy: Currently, the recommended strategy for vaccination against yellow fever is to focus on protecting the population living in or traveling to areas with risk of transmission, where epizootics or human cases were recently reported, thus avoiding massive vaccination and re-vaccination.
        Additional information
        Source: Information from the countries received by:
        CSI:WORLD http://swineflumagazine.blogspot.com/

        treyfish2004@yahoo.com

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        • #5
          Re: Paraguay declares state of emergency after first yellow fever death

          Paraguay Gets Yellow Fever Vaccines


          template_bas
          template_bas


          3:28 PM PST, February 14, 2008


          ASUNCION, Paraguay -- Brazil flew 50,000 doses of yellow fever vaccine into Paraguay on Thursday and Peru promised 250,000 more doses next week, as the government said it was expanding a vaccination campaign against the first outbreak of the disease here in 34 years.

          Five cases of yellow fever detected in a remote Paraguayan farm community have touched off unease in South America's second-poorest country and prompted public health officials here to make international appeals for vaccine stocks. None of those infected has died.

          "We are making additional requests" with Taiwan and Cuba, said Paraguay's public health minister, Oscar Martinez.

          On Wednesday, some 4,000 people blocked a highway near Asuncion for hours to demand a widespread vaccination program. The protest came after authorities said they only had 100,000 vaccine doses on hand.

          "We are asking the population to remain calm. The situation is under control," Martinez said.

          Authorities said they have vaccinated some 35,000 people already in the northern region where the cases were detected. The new Yellow fever cases are the first detected since 1974 in Paraguay.

          The World Health Organization says an estimated 30,000 people worldwide die annually from the disease. Symptoms can include fevers, vomiting, jaundice and bleeding from the mouth, nose, eyes and stomach.
          CSI:WORLD http://swineflumagazine.blogspot.com/

          treyfish2004@yahoo.com

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