Announcement

Collapse
No announcement yet.

ECDC - West Nile Virus in Europe and neighbouring countries 2019 - Map - Table of Cases - Updated Dec 6

Collapse
X
 
  • Filter
  • Time
  • Show
Clear All
new posts

  • ECDC - West Nile Virus in Europe and neighbouring countries 2019 - Map - Table of Cases - Updated Dec 6

    12 Jul 2019


    Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of 11 July 2019, no human West Nile virus infection has been reported in EU Member States and EU neighbouring countries.

    The first equine outbreak has been reported to the Animal Disease Notification System this week in Xanthi, Greece.

    Click image for larger version

Name:	ECDC-WNF-affected-current-season-HumanAndEquidae-EUEEA 12 juli.png
Views:	303
Size:	216.7 KB
ID:	815024
    West Nile virus in Europe in 2019 - human cases, updated 11 July


    ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
    Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

    ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

  • #2
    West Nile virus in Europe in 2019 - human cases, updated 18 July

    19 Jul 2019

    Period: 12 Jul 2019 - 18 Jul 2019

    Between 12 and 18 July 2019, six confirmed human cases have been reported. Greece reported five confirmed cases and Romania reported one case. These areas have had human cases reported in the previous transmission seasons.

    Since the last update, one equine outbreak in Larissa, Greece was reported to the Animal Disease Notification System.

    Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of 18 July 2019, six human West Nile virus infections have been reported in EU Member States and EU neighbouring countries by Greece (5) and Romania (1).

    During the current transmission season two equine outbreaks have been reported in Greece, one in Xanthi and one in Larissa.

    Click image for larger version

Name:	WNF-current-season 19 07 19.png
Views:	200
Size:	206.6 KB
ID:	815373
    The European Union agency?aimed at strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.
    ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
    Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

    ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

    Comment


    • #3
      West Nile virus in Europe in 2019 - human and equine cases, updated 25 July

      26 Jul 2019
      Period: 19 Jul 2019 - 25 Jul 2019

      Between 19 to 25 July 2019, seven human cases have been reported in Greece (5), Italy (1) and Romania (1). All cases are reported from areas which have had human cases reported in the previous transmission seasons. Romania reported one death this week. Additionally, during the same period, no equine outbreak of WNV has been reported to the Animal Disease Notification System.

      Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of 25 July 2019, 13 human West Nile virus infections have been reported in EU Member States and EU neighbouring countries by Greece (10), Romania (2) and Italy (1). One death has been reported by Romania so far. In addition, two equine outbreaks have been reported in Greece to the Animal Disease Notification System.

      Click image for larger version

Name:	WNF-current-season-human-and-equidae july 26 2019.png
Views:	200
Size:	222.7 KB
ID:	815751


      The European Union agency?aimed at strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.
      ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
      Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

      ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

      Comment


      • #4
        West Nile virus in Europe in 2019 - human cases, updated 1 August

        Aug 2019
        Period: 26 Jul 2019 - 01 Aug 2019

        Between 26 July and 1 August 2019, EU Member States reported 20 human cases in Greece (15), Hungary (2), Romania (2) and France (1).

        A human case was reported for the first time from one area in France. All other human cases were reported from areas that have been affected during previous transmission seasons. This week, two deaths were reported by Greece.


        Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of 1 August 2019, EU Member States have reported 33 human West Nile virus infections in Greece (25), Romania (4), Hungary (2), France (1) and Italy (1). EU neighbouring countries have not reported any cases so far.

        To date, three deaths due to West Nile virus infection have been reported by Greece (2) and Romania (1).

        Click image for larger version

Name:	WNF-current-season_1 aug 1 2019.png
Views:	201
Size:	208.3 KB
ID:	815983

        The European Union agency?aimed at strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.
        ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
        Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

        ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

        Comment


        • #5
          West Nile virus in Europe in 2019 - human cases, updated 8 August

          9 Aug 2019

          Period: 02 Aug 2019 - 08 Aug 2019



          Between 2 and 8 August 2019, EU Member States reported 13 human cases in Greece (9), Italy (2) and Cyprus (2). This week the first case in the EU neighbouring countries was reported by Serbia (1). All human cases were reported from areas that have been affected during previous transmission seasons. One death was reported by Greece this week.

          Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of 8 August 2019, EU Member States have reported 46 human West Nile virus infections in Greece (34), Romania (4), Italy (3), Cyprus (2), Hungary (2) and France (1). One case was reported by Serbia in the EU neighbouring countries.

          To date, four deaths due to West Nile virus infection have been reported by Greece (3) and Romania (1).

          Click image for larger version

Name:	WNF-current-season_2 aug 8 2019.png
Views:	180
Size:	213.1 KB
ID:	816451
          The European Union agency?aimed at strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.
          ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
          Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

          ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

          Comment


          • #6
            West Nile virus in Europe in 2019 - human cases, updated september 6

            Between 30 August and 5 September 2019, EU Member States reported 56 human cases in Greece (30), Italy (11), Romania (6), Hungary (4), Cyprus (3) and Bulgaria (2). EU neighbouring countries reported one case in the North Macedonia.

            In one area in North Macedonia, Jugozapaden, a human case was reported for this first time. All other human cases were reported from areas that have been affected during previous transmission seasons.

            This week, three deaths were reported by Greece (1), Italy (1) and Romania (1).

            In the same week, three outbreaks among equids were reported to the Animal Disease Notification System by Germany (1), Greece (1) and Italy (1).

            Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of 5 September 2019, EU Member States and EU neighbouring countries reported 241 human infections. EU Member States reported 226 cases in Greece (156), Romania (25), Cyprus (14), Italy (14), Hungary (11), Bulgaria (4), Austria (1) and France (1). EU neighbouring countries reported 15 human cases in Serbia (7), Turkey (7) and North Macedonia (1).

            To date, 20 deaths due to West Nile virus infection have been reported by Greece (14), Romania (3), Cyprus (1), Italy (1) and Serbia (1). During the current transmission season, 17 outbreaks among equids have been reported by Greece (12), Italy (3), Germany (1) and Hungary (1).

            Click image for larger version

Name:	ECDC_WNF_Affected_current_season_HumanAndEquidae_EUEEA_33 6 09 2019.png
Views:	192
Size:	239.3 KB
ID:	817458
            The European Union agency?aimed at strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.
            ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
            Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

            ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

            Comment


            • #7
              Situation update

              Between 6 and 12 September 2019, EU Member States reported 42 human cases in Greece (15), Italy (10), Romania (8), Hungary (4), Austria (2), Cyprus (2) and Slovakia (1).

              This is the first case of autochthonous human West Nile virus infection reported from Slovakia.

              All other human cases in the EU were reported from areas that have been affected during previous transmission seasons. EU neighbouring countries reported eight cases in Serbia (6) and North Macedonia (2). Human cases were reported for the first time in Skopsi, North Macedonia. This week, seven deaths were reported by Greece (5), Italy (1) and North Macedonia (1).


              In the same week, nine outbreaks among equids were reported to the Animal Disease Notification System (ADNS) by Germany (3), Austria (2), France (2), Hungary (1) and Italy (1).

              Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of 12 September 2019, EU Member States and EU neighbouring countries reported 291 human infections. EU Member States reported 268 cases in Greece (171), Romania (33), Italy (24), Cyprus (16), Hungary (15), Bulgaria (4), Austria (3), France (1) and Slovakia (1). EU neighbouring countries reported 23 human cases in Serbia (13), Turkey (7) and North Macedonia (3).

              To date, 27 deaths due to West Nile virus infection have been reported by Greece (19), Romania (3), Italy (2), Cyprus (1), North Macedonia (1) and Serbia (1).

              During the current transmission season, 26 outbreaks among equids have been reported by Greece (12), Germany (4), Italy (4), Hungary (2), France (2) and Austria (2). In addition, Germany reported 26 outbreaks among birds to ADNS. Click image for larger version

Name:	ECDC_WNF_Affected_current_season_HumanAndEquidae_EUEEA_34 sept 13 2019.png
Views:	183
Size:	243.4 KB
ID:	817690
              The European Union agency?aimed at strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.
              ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
              Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

              ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

              Comment


              • #8
                Epidemiological summary

                Between 13 and 19 September 2019, EU Member States reported 49 human cases in Greece (23), Romania (18), Italy (4), Hungary (3) and Austria (1). EU neighbouring countries reported two cases in Serbia. All human cases were reported from areas that have been affected previously.

                This week, seven deaths were reported by Greece (6) and Romania (1).

                In the same week, 9 outbreaks among equids were reported to the Animal Disease Notification System (ADNS) by Germany (4), France (2), Italy (2) and Hungary (1).

                Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of 18 September 2019, EU Member States and EU neighbouring countries reported 342 human infections. EU Member States reported 317 cases in Greece (194), Romania (51), Italy (28), Hungary (18), Cyprus (16), Austria (4), Bulgaria (4), France (1) and Slovakia (1).

                EU neighbouring countries reported 25 human cases in Serbia (15), Turkey (7) and North Macedonia (3).

                To date, 34 deaths due to West Nile virus infection have been reported by Greece (25), Romania (4), Italy (2), Cyprus (1), North Macedonia (1) and Serbia (1).

                During the current transmission season, 35 outbreaks among equids have been reported by Greece (12), Germany (8), Italy (6), France (4), Hungary (3) and Austria (2).

                In addition, Germany reported 37 outbreaks among birds to ADNS.

                Click image for larger version

Name:	ECDC_WNF_Affected_current_season_HumanAndEquidae_EUEEA_35.png
Views:	181
Size:	245.6 KB
ID:	817978
                The European Union agency?aimed at strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.
                ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
                Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

                ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

                Comment


                • #9
                  Situation update

                  Between 20 and 26 September 2019, EU Member States reported 26 human cases in Greece (14), Hungary (6) and Romania (6). EU neighbouring countries reported seven cases in Serbia (5) and North Macedonia (2). All human cases were reported from areas that have been affected previously. This week, one death was reported by Romania (1). In the same week, five outbreaks among equids were reported to the Animal Disease Notification System (ADNS) by Germany (3), Austria (1) and France (1).

                  Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of 26 September 2019, EU Member States and EU neighbouring countries reported 375 human infections. EU Member States reported 343 cases in Greece (208), Romania (57), Italy (28), Hungary (24), Cyprus (16), Austria (4), Bulgaria (4), France (1) and Slovakia (1). EU neighbouring countries reported 32 human cases in Serbia (20), Turkey (7) and North Macedonia (5).
                  To date, 35 deaths due to West Nile virus infection have been reported by Greece (25), Romania (5), Italy (2), Cyprus (1), North Macedonia (1) and Serbia (1).

                  During the current transmission season, 40 outbreaks among equids have been reported by Greece (12), Germany (11), Italy (6), France (4), Hungary (4) and Austria (3). In addition, Germany reported 44 outbreaks among birds to ADNS.
                  Click image for larger version

Name:	WNF-current-season_4 27 09 19.png
Views:	164
Size:	229.4 KB
ID:	818251
                  The European Union agency?aimed at strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.
                  ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
                  Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

                  ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

                  Comment


                  • #10
                    Situation update


                    Between 27 September and 3 October 2019, EU Member States reported 29 human cases in Italy (12), Hungary (8), Greece (7), Germany (1) and France (1). No cases were reported from EU neighbouring countries.

                    This is the first time that an autochthonous human West Nile virus infection was reported from Germany. The case was reported from Leipzig, Germany.

                    In Italy a human case was reported from Macerata, an area that has not been affected previously. All other human cases were reported from areas that have been affected previously. This week, 4 deaths were reported by Greece (2) and Italy (2).

                    In the same week, 15 outbreaks among equids were reported to the Animal Disease Notification System (ADNS) by Germany (5), Greece (3), France (2), Hungary (2), Italy (2) and Spain (1).

                    Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of 3 October 2019, EU Member States and EU neighbouring countries reported 404 human infections. EU Member States reported 372 cases in Greece (215), Romania (57), Italy (40), Hungary (32), Cyprus (16), Austria (4), Bulgaria (4), France (2), Germany (1), Slovakia (1). EU neighbouring countries reported 32 human cases in Serbia (20), Turkey (7) and North Macedonia (5).

                    To date, 39 deaths due to West Nile virus infection have been reported by Greece (27), Romania (5), Italy (4), Cyprus (1), North Macedonia (1) and Serbia (1).

                    During the current transmission season, 55 outbreaks among equids have been reported by Germany (16), Greece (15), Italy (8), France (6), Hungary (6), Austria (3), Spain (1). In addition, Germany reported 48 outbreaks among birds to ADNS.


                    Click image for larger version  Name:	ECDC_WNF_Affected_current_and_past_seasons_55.png Views:	0 Size:	378.5 KB ID:	818551
                    The European Union agency?aimed at strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.
                    ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
                    Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

                    ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

                    Comment


                    • #11
                      Situation update


                      Between 4 and 10 October 2019, EU Member States reported nine human cases in Romania (5), Greece (3) and Hungary (1). Thirteen cases were reported from EU neighbouring countries in Israel (10) and Serbia (3). All human cases were reported from areas that have been affected previously. This week, three deaths were reported by Greece (2) and Romania (1).

                      In the same week, seven outbreaks among equids were reported to the Animal Disease Notification System (ADNS) by Greece (5), Hungary (1) and Spain (1).

                      Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of 10 October 2019, EU Member States and EU neighbouring countries reported 426 human infections. EU Member States reported 381 cases in Greece (218), Romania (62), Italy (40), Hungary (33), Cyprus (16), Austria (4), Bulgaria (4), France (2), Germany (1) and Slovakia (1). EU neighbouring countries reported 45 human cases in Serbia (23), Israel (10) Turkey (7) and North Macedonia (5).

                      To date, 42 deaths due to West Nile virus infection have been reported by Greece (29), Romania (6), Italy (4), Cyprus (1), North Macedonia (1) and Serbia (1).

                      During the current transmission season, 61 outbreaks among equids have been reported by Greece (20), Germany (15), Italy (8), Hungary (7), France (6), Austria (3) and Spain (2). In addition, Germany reported 49 outbreaks among birds to ADNS.



                      Click image for larger version

Name:	Afbeelding1.png
Views:	162
Size:	464.1 KB
ID:	818806
                      The European Union agency?aimed at strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.
                      ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
                      Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

                      ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

                      Comment


                      • #12
                        Epidemiological summary

                        Between 11 and 17 October 2019, EU Member States reported four human cases in Greece (2) and Italy (2). Five cases were reported from EU neighbouring countries in Serbia (4) and North Macedonia (1). All human cases were reported from areas that have been affected previously. This week, one death was reported by Greece. In the same week, five outbreaks among equids were reported to the Animal Disease Notification System (ADNS) by Germany (3), France (1) and Greece (1).

                        Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of 17 October 2019, EU Member States and EU neighbouring countries reported 435 human infections. EU Member States reported 385 cases: Greece (220), Romania (62), Italy (42), Hungary (33), Cyprus (16), Austria (4), Bulgaria (4), France (2), Germany (1) and Slovakia (1). EU neighbouring countries reported 50 human cases in Serbia (27), Israel (10) Turkey (7) and North Macedonia (6). To date, 43 deaths due to West Nile virus infection have been reported by Greece (30), Romania (6), Italy (4), Cyprus (1), North Macedonia (1) and Serbia (1).

                        During the current transmission season, 66 outbreaks among equids have been reported by Greece (21), Germany (18), Italy (8), France (7), Hungary (7), Austria (3) and Spain (2). In addition, Germany reported 52 outbreaks among birds to ADNS.



                        ECDC assessment

                        During this transmission season, Germany and Slovakia reported their first autochthonous human West Nile virus infection. The occurrence of human autochthonous West Nile virus infections in Germany and Slovakia was not unexpected as WNV circulation among either birds, equids and/or mosquitoes has been previously documented.

                        All other human infections were reported in EU Member States with known persistent transmission of West Nile virus in previous years. Further human cases may be detected, but in the coming weeks, environmental conditions will become less suitable for transmission. In accordance with European Commission Directive 2014/110/EU, prospective donors should be deferred for 28 days after leaving a risk area for locally acquired infections unless the results of an individual nucleic acid test are negative.


                        Click image for larger version

Name:	WNF_Affected_current_season_HumanAndAnimal 18 10 2019.png
Views:	146
Size:	347.5 KB
ID:	819092
                        The European Union agency?aimed at strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.
                        ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
                        Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

                        ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

                        Comment


                        • #13
                          Situation update


                          Between 18 and 24 October 2019, EU Member States reported six human cases in Greece (2), Hungary (2) and Romania (2). No cases were reported from EU neighbouring countries. All human cases were reported from areas that have been affected previously. This week, one death was reported by Romania.

                          In the same week, 11 outbreaks among equids were reported to the Animal Disease Notification System (ADNS) by Germany (5), France (4), Portugal (1) and Spain (1).

                          Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of 24 October 2019, EU Member States and EU neighbouring countries reported 441 human infections. EU Member States reported 391 cases in Greece (222), Romania (64), Italy (42), Hungary (35), Cyprus (16), Austria (4), Bulgaria (4), France (2), Germany (1) and Slovakia (1). EU neighbouring countries reported 50 human cases in Serbia (27), Israel (10) Turkey (7) and North Macedonia (6).

                          To date, 44 deaths due to West Nile virus infection have been reported by Greece (30), Romania (7), Italy (4), Cyprus (1), North Macedonia (1) and Serbia (1).

                          During the current transmission season, 77 outbreaks among equids have been reported by Germany (23), Greece (21), France (11), Italy (8), Hungary (7), Austria (3), Spain (3) and Portugal (1). In addition, Germany reported 53 outbreaks among birds to ADNS.

                          Click image for larger version  Name:	WNF-current-season-human-and-equidae_4 24 10 2019.png Views:	0 Size:	348.5 KB ID:	819421
                          The European Union agency?aimed at strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.
                          ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
                          Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

                          ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

                          Comment


                          • #14
                            Situation update


                            Between 25 and 30 October 2019, EU Member States reported nine human cases in Italy (4), Romania (2), Germany (1), Hungary (1) and Bulgaria (1). Two cases were reported from EU neighbouring countries, both in Turkey. A human case was reported for the first time from one area in Germany. This week, one death was reported by Bulgaria.

                            In the same time period, seven outbreaks among equids were reported to the Animal Disease Notification System (ADNS) by Germany (6) and Spain (1).

                            Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of 30 October 2019, EU Member States and EU neighbouring countries reported 452 human infections. EU Member States reported 399 cases: Greece (222), Romania (66), Italy (46), Hungary (36), Cyprus (16), Bulgaria (5), Austria (4), Germany (2), France (2), and Slovakia (1). EU neighbouring countries reported 52 human cases in Serbia (27), Israel (10), Turkey (9) and North Macedonia (6).

                            To date, 45 deaths due to West Nile virus infection have been reported by Greece (30), Romania (7), Italy (4), Cyprus (1), Bulgaria (1), North Macedonia (1) and Serbia (1).

                            During the current transmission season, 84 outbreaks among equids have been reported by Germany (29), Greece (21), France (11), Italy (8), Hungary (7), Austria (3), Spain (4) and Portugal (1). In addition, Germany reported 53 outbreaks among birds to ADNS.


                            Click image for larger version  Name:	WNF-current-season_6 30 okt 2019.png Views:	0 Size:	317.0 KB ID:	819607
                            The European Union agency?aimed at strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.
                            ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
                            Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

                            ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

                            Comment


                            • #15
                              Epidemiological summary

                              Between 31 October and 7 November 2019, EU Member States reported a total of four human cases: two in Italy and one in Germany and Greece. No cases were reported from EU neighbouring countries, Turkey. A human case was reported for the first time from an area in Germany. This week, two deaths were reported by Greece.

                              In the same time period, one outbreak among equids was reported by Austria to the Animal Disease Notification System (ADNS).

                              Since the beginning of the 2019 transmission season and as of October 2019, EU Member States and EU neighbouring countries reported 456 human infections. EU Member States reported 404 cases: Greece (223), Romania (66), Italy (48), Hungary (36), Cyprus (16), Bulgaria (5), Austria (4), Germany (3), France (2), and Slovakia (1). EU neighbouring countries reported 52 human cases in Serbia (27), Israel (10), Turkey (9) and North Macedonia (6).

                              To date, 47 deaths due to West Nile virus infection have been reported by Greece (32), Romania (7), Italy (4), Cyprus (1), Bulgaria (1), North Macedonia (1) and Serbia (1). During the current transmission season, 85 outbreaks among equids have been reported by Germany (29), Greece (21), France (11), Italy (8), Hungary (7), Austria (4), Spain (4) and Portugal (1). In addition, Germany reported 53 outbreaks among birds to ADNS.


                              Click image for larger version

Name:	WNF-current-season_7 nov 8 2019.png
Views:	129
Size:	316.8 KB
ID:	819860
                              The European Union agency?aimed at strengthening Europe's defences against infectious diseases.
                              ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
                              Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

                              ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

                              Comment

                              Working...
                              X