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Burundi - Rift Valley fever outbreak in animals 2022

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  • Burundi - Rift Valley fever outbreak in animals 2022

    Translation Google

    Burundi: Rift Valley fever detected for the first time
    ...
    23.05.2022

    Burundi
    AA / Gitega / Yvan Rukundo

    The Burundian Ministry of Environment, Agriculture and Livestock alerted Monday of the detection for the first time in the country of Rift Valley fever, with an estimated loss of at least 100 head of cattle.

    The Burundian ministry spoke in a press release sent to the media on Monday, a copy of which reached Anadolu Agency.

    "Since the end of April 2022, cases of an animal disease mainly affecting cattle with an unusual clinical picture have been reported in the provinces of Kirundo and Ngozi, in the north of the country", underlined Serges Nkurunziza , Managing Director of Breeding.

    Symptoms include abortion, nasal bleeding, hyperthermia, diarrhea often mingled with blood, generalized weakness and inappetence leading to death.

    According to him, since the outbreak of this disease, 100 cases of cattle mortality have been recorded.

    Currently, this disease has already spread to other provinces of the country, such as Kayanza (north), Karusi (center), Cibitoke (west), Bujumbura (west) and Makamba in the south of the country.

    "The first cases reported are generally located in cross-border areas and sites," he said, noting that this is the first time that this disease has appeared in Burundi.

    To deal with it, Serges Nkurunziza calls on the Ministry of Public Health to take collaborative steps to carry out joint surveillance of this disease.

    In the meantime, field technicians are recommended to take all the necessary personal protection precautions, particularly in biosecurity measures.

    “Farmers must inform the technical services of all clinical cases for their management. They are requested to regularly spray their animals,” he recommended, further stressing that in the affected areas, the restriction of all movement for ruminants and the prohibition of their slaughter must be respected until further notice.

    In Burundi, this disease occurs less than a year after the start of the implementation of stable breeding at the national level.

    According to experts, Rift Valley fever can cause other illnesses in humans. Contaminated cattle must therefore be incinerated.



    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Rift Valley fever: 464 cases already recorded, especially in northern Burundi, don't panic

    05/25/2022 Mariette Rigumye

    464 cases of cows with Rift Valley fever disease are already recorded across the country. A statement made on May 24 by the Director General of Animal Health within the Ministry in charge of Livestock, Dr Désiré Ntakirutimana.

    According to him, it is especially the northern provinces of Burundi such as Kirundo, Muyinga and Ngozi which are the most affected by this disease which can be transmitted by vector, by direct contact or through different types of mosquitoes.

    Among the 464 cases of cows with Rift Valley fever recorded and confirmed after laboratory analysis, some have died.

    So far, he insists, the ban on trade in animals, the movement of livestock and the slaughter of animals only concerns the affected areas, if there are other additional measures to be taken, the population will be informed.
    ...

    IWACU ce sont toutes les voix du Burundi. Pas seulement les voix politiques. Iwacu s’intéresse à l’économie, la société, la justice, la santé, l’environnement, la culture, le sport, bref à tout ce qui fait la vie nationale. Nous ouvrons une nouvelle page de la presse écrite indépendante au Burundi. Lisez Iwacu, écrivez-nous, critiquez-nous, débattons, bâtissons ensemble la démocratie du pays.
    "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
    -Nelson Mandela

  • #2
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    • #3
      Immediate notification
      Rift Valley fever virus (Inf. with) , Burundi

      ...

      General Information

      COUNTRY OR ZONE
      ZONE

      DISEASE
      Rift Valley fever virus (Inf. with)

      STARTED ON
      10-04-2022

      ANIMAL TYPE
      TERRESTRIAL

      CONFIRMED ON
      18-05-2022

      REASON
      First occurrence in the country

      CAUSAL AGENT
      Rift Valley fever virus

      ENDED ON
      -

      DISEASE CATEGORY
      OIE-listed

      REPORTED ON
      03-06-2022

      LAST OCCURRENCE
      -

      ...
      Epidemiology

      SOURCE OF EVENT OR ORIGIN OF INFECTION
      - Unknown or inconclusive


      EPIDEMIOLOGICAL COMMENTS
      To date, no human cases of Rift Valley fever have been confirmed in Burundi. Veterinary Services are collaborating with the country's Public Health Authorities to carry out surveillance.
      ...

      Outbreaks

      ob_103732 - Masaka hill, Giteranyi commune, Muyinga province


      OUTBREAK REFERENCE
      -

      STARTED ON
      16-05-2022

      EPIDEMIOLOGICAL UNIT
      Village

      NUMBER OF OUTBREAKS
      -

      ENDED ON
      -

      AFFECTED POPULATION DESCRIPTION
      -

      APPROXIMATE LOCATION
      Masaka hill, Giteranyi commune, Muyinga province

      FIRST ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
      Muyinga

      SECOND ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
      Giteranyi

      THIRD ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
      Masaka

      GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
      Lat : -2.3614

      Long : 30.424


      SPECIES MEASURING UNIT SUSCEPTIBLE CASES DEATHS KILLED AND DISPOSED OF SLAUGHTERED/KILLED FOR COMMERCIAL USE VACCINATED
      Cattle NEW Animal - 83 6 - - -
      TOTAL Animal - 83 6 - - -
      - NEW Animal - 83 6 - - -
      TOTAL Animal - 83 6

      ...
      ob_103701 - province of Kirundo, commune of Busoni

      OUTBREAK REFERENCE
      -

      STARTED ON
      10-04-2022

      EPIDEMIOLOGICAL UNIT
      Village

      NUMBER OF OUTBREAKS
      -

      ENDED ON
      -

      AFFECTED POPULATION DESCRIPTION
      Bovine animals of all ages and sexes.

      APPROXIMATE LOCATION
      province of Kirundo, commune of Busoni

      FIRST ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
      Kirundo

      SECOND ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
      Busoni

      THIRD ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
      Burara

      GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
      Lat : -2.5046

      Long : 30.2271


      SPECIES MEASURING UNIT SUSCEPTIBLE CASES DEATHS KILLED AND DISPOSED OF SLAUGHTERED/KILLED FOR COMMERCIAL USE VACCINATED
      Cattle NEW Animal - 194 55 - - -
      TOTAL Animal - 194 55 - - -
      - NEW Animal - 194 55 - - -
      TOTAL Animal - 194 55
      ...
      ob_103705 - commune of Marangara, province of Ngozi

      OUTBREAK REFERENCE
      -

      STARTED ON
      13-04-2022

      EPIDEMIOLOGICAL UNIT
      Village

      NUMBER OF OUTBREAKS
      -

      ENDED ON
      -

      AFFECTED POPULATION DESCRIPTION
      -

      APPROXIMATE LOCATION
      commune of Marangara, province of Ngozi

      FIRST ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
      Ngozi

      SECOND ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
      Marangara

      THIRD ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
      Gisekuro

      GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
      Lat : -2.7451

      Long : 29.9885


      SPECIES MEASURING UNIT SUSCEPTIBLE CASES DEATHS KILLED AND DISPOSED OF SLAUGHTERED/KILLED FOR COMMERCIAL USE VACCINATED
      Cattle NEW Animal - 164 46 - - -
      TOTAL Animal - 164 46 - - -
      - NEW Animal - 164 46 - - -
      TOTAL Animal - 164 46
      ...
      "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
      -Nelson Mandela

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      • #4
        Translation Google

        Rift Valley fever gains ground, ranchers panic

        06/06/2022 Emery Kwizera , Guy Arsene Izere and Rénovat Ndabashinze

        Since the end of April, Rift Valley fever has been declared in Burundi. A month later, cases are reported in eight provinces of the country. And the government has yet to make the vaccine available. Meanwhile, farmers continue to bury their cows. The cost is harsh and the consequences are disastrous.

        By Emery Kwizera, Guy-Arsène Izere and Rénovat Ndabashinze

        It is despair. Whether in Bujumbura or in the interior of the country, breeders, butchers, meat consumers, milk sellers... do not know which saint to turn to.

        Monday, May 30, around 11:30 a.m., at the City Market in Bujumbura, called “Siyoni”, in the shed intended for the sale of meat, it's a desert. The butcher stalls are nearly empty. A few butchers still have a small amount of meat to sell.

        For the little meat still on the market, the price of a kilogram is no longer the same for different categories of meat. For some, 1 kg is sold at 13,000BIF, 14,000BIF, while others even reach 15,000BIF. It's haggling. Before this pandemic, the price was the same. “We have no other choice. We no longer have a place to supply ourselves. Our job is in danger of coming to an end soon,” confides one of the butchers encountered in this market. Without further details, he says he has already incurred significant financial losses.

        Another butcher, interviewed, confides that the losses are enormous. “It is very difficult to support our families in this situation”. Before this illness, he says he could sell four cows a day, but currently he has nothing to present to his customers. On his stand, he has only viscera.

        “That's what I plan to feed my family today. It's very difficult,” he says desperately.

        Further north, at the Kinama market, the same laments. The stands dedicated to the sale of meat are also almost empty. The butchers are there, but for the most part they have nothing to offer. They are idle. "We bitterly learned of the decision which prohibits the movement of cattle", laments Joseph Ndikumana, representative of the butchers of this market. For him, the solution is to find a vaccine against this disease.


        Joseph Ndikumana: “We learned bitterly about the decision banning the movement of sheep.”

        Otherwise, he warns, city dwellers will no longer be able to eat meat, because fish are for the wealthy: “And the consequences will be severe for us, especially as we continue to pay our taxes and duties. He points out that before this disease, 10 cows could be slaughtered at the Kinama market. He adds that even for the small quantity present on the market, customers are reluctant.

        Bar owners also pay the price

        In bars, the losses are also colossal. It's 4:30 p.m. Tuesday, May 30, on Muyinga Avenue, Rohero area, the bar called "Ku Mpene" is not crowded as usual. "They came mainly to taste the goat meat, but unfortunately because of the Rift Valley fever, we don't have much to offer anymore," laments one of the waiters. They only had one goat that day.

        The manager says that before this disease, at least 4 to 5 goats were eaten per day. Today, it is very difficult to have a single goat. “At the Kigobe slaughterhouse, activities are almost suspended. There is almost nothing. »

        And this lack of meat to offer customers also affects the consumption of drinks. The manager says that usually, at 5:00 p.m., we would have already sold about ten cases of drinks. “But, here, today, only a few tables are occupied. »

        In Bwiza, the 10th avenue which was very popular with fans of goat or beef skewers is no longer overcrowded. In three bars visited on this avenue, not even a piece of meat. Approached, Vincent Ntimpirangeza, a holder of one of the bars, confides that he has just spent three days without serving skewers to his customers. This has reduced its sales of drinks: “Usually, I sold between eight and twelve cases of beer, but today I am struggling to finish even three cases. »

        Milk sellers in disarray

        The consequences of this disease do not spare milk sellers. “Almost all of my clients stopped taking the milk with the end of May, even those with children. Before, I distributed more than 400 liters a day, but now I can't even manage to sell 100 liters”, says JN He buys the milk in Buringa to resell it in Bujumbura. According to him, his customers told him that they suspended the subscription following the illness. “In fact, they are afraid of being infected with the latter and they told me that they will still subscribe after the disease. We ask the government for vaccination as soon as possible”.

        For her part, Consolate, a milk seller in Bwiza, says her work is slowing down. “We are no longer supplied. Even customers no longer consume milk. Many parents have turned to NIDO milk powder”. For her, the most urgent thing is to vaccinate all the cows so that her activity can resume. “Otherwise, I don't see how I'm going to pay the rent. If the situation persists, I will simply hand over the house to the owner and change activities. »

        Silence wins the Bujumbura slaughterhouse

        Wednesday 11 a.m. In the courtyard of the Bujumbura slaughterhouse, a dozen goats and sheep graze in the courtyard. No cow. Cow wholesalers and butchers sit in small groups. Some play cards.

        Inside the slaughterhouse, 4 goats and 2 sheep hang after slaughter. The slaughterhouse veterinarian checks that the latter are not sick and stamps those that are healthy. In the place of slaughter of cows, no cow is suspended on the fangs. Afterwards, we learn that only 3 cows were slaughtered in the morning.
        Butchers and cow wholesalers are not taking off. They say they don't know how they are going to feed their families.

        Activities almost at a standstill at the Bujumbura slaughterhouse.

        MM, gets supplies in the markets of the interior to resell the meat after the slaughter: “You see it yourself, we no longer work. We get our supplies from the markets in the interior of the country and these are closed. »

        According to him, even if you manage to supply yourself in the provinces not reached, it is impossible to bring the goods. “For example, if we buy cows in Mwaro, we have to go through Bujumbura. And there, the movement of animals is prohibited, ”he says.

        Like the wholesalers, the slaughterhouse butchers let it be known that they earn nothing, because they can spend the whole day without working.

        According to them, the worst is yet to come, because they were still slaughtering the oxen that were still in the stock and it has just run out.

        One of the veterinarians at the Bujumbura slaughterhouse told us that they still receive those who come to slaughter their animals. He said that veterinarians check whether the animals that come in are healthy and still make a finding after slaughter.

        According to him, before the disease, they slaughtered around 50 cows and 150 small ruminants per day. But currently, he adds, 5 cows and less than 20 small ruminants are slaughtered.

        IWACU ce sont toutes les voix du Burundi. Pas seulement les voix politiques. Iwacu s’intéresse à l’économie, la société, la justice, la santé, l’environnement, la culture, le sport, bref à tout ce qui fait la vie nationale. Nous ouvrons une nouvelle page de la presse écrite indépendante au Burundi. Lisez Iwacu, écrivez-nous, critiquez-nous, débattons, bâtissons ensemble la démocratie du pays.
        "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
        -Nelson Mandela

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        • #5
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          • #6
            Translation Google


            When Rift Valley fever takes on worrying proportions

            July 4, 2022 Bruce Habarugira

            The Rift Valley fever epizootic that has been threatening Burundi for more than two months is progressing at a worrying pace. The cases of this disease are increasing day by day. More than 8 million USD are needed for the implementation of an action plan for disease control according to the ministry in charge of livestock

            Data from the ministry in charge of animal husbandry show that 827 cows are already infected with Rift Valley fever. Among them, 323 are already dead. 13 provinces were already affected by this disease until June 20, 2022, according to the RTNB. These figures show that the spread of Rift Valley fever is taking on worrying proportions. During the Council of Ministers of June 01, 2022, Déo-Guide Rurema, Minister in charge of livestock farming, indicated that a workforce of 482 cattle was affected by the disease, of which 114 heads had died. The most affected provinces are those in the north of the country, namely Ngozi, Kirundo, Muyinga, and Kayanza.


            827 cows are already infected with Rift Valley fever. Among them, 323 are already dead. 13 provinces are already affected by this disease until June 20, 2022.

            Urgent measures to stem this scourge

            Urgent measures have been taken by the ministry to try to counter the spread of this disease. These include the closure of livestock markets, the ban on the slaughter of ruminants in the affected areas, etc. The city of Bujumbura is not spared. By decision of the animal health directorate, the management of the Bujumbura slaughterhouse has suspended since June 26, 2022 the slaughter of cows, goats and sheep.

            In his correspondence, the Minister in charge of Livestock refused the request for exemption from the Islamic community of Burundi for the purchase of animal meat for the IDIL KEBIR festival (sheep festival) scheduled for the beginning of the month. of July.

            “The country is currently facing an epizootic of Rift Valley fever which constitutes a threat to the national livestock and to the health of the population”, specifies Minister Déo-Guide Rurema. And to add: "The purchase and slaughter of animals in several localities cannot be accepted for the moment".

            Vaccines drag

            At a time when vaccination seems to be the most effective solution to counter this disease, vaccines are not yet available in Burundi. The ministry in charge of livestock is counting on Burundi's development partners to obtain them. On June 20, 2022 in Bujumbura, Minister Guide Rurema met for the second time with development partners. According to the RTNB, among other objectives of this meeting, it was a question of pronouncing on the possible contributions to its fight.

            In the council of ministers of June 01, Dr. Rurema specified that the budget of the action plan for the control of this disease is estimated at 8,697,188 USD. The activities of this plan will be extended over a period of 12 months

            Alerts, but...

            In March 2022, the East African Community General Secretariat alerted member countries to epidemics of yellow fever and Rift Valley fever. He invited them to take appropriate measures to prevent and respond to epidemics. This after reports of cases of yellow fever in Kenya which caused the death of three people and reports of the outbreak of Rift Valley fever which is affecting domestic animals in EAC member states. For its part, Kenya has activated its health emergency response mechanisms. Emerged in the 1930s and the last epidemic dating from the year 2000 in the country of Jomo Kenyatta, Rift Valley fever has been combated by vaccination, the ban on the slaughter of domestic animals and trade commercial.

            Without giving details, Minister Rurema said on May 31, 2022 that Burundi had made efforts to prevent this disease, but that the latter ended up invading the country.

            According to the global health security index, 2021 edition, Burundi is in 181st place out of 195 countries for the capacity of countries to prevent, detect, respond to and manage this kind of epidemic both on humans and on animals. Specifically, it is in 184th place for rapid response and control of the spread of an epidemic.

            L’épizootie de la fièvre de la vallée du Rift qui menace le Burundi depuis plus de deux mois progresse à une allure inquiétante. Les cas de cette maladie augmentent du jour au jour. Plus [...]
            "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
            -Nelson Mandela

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            • #7
              Translation Google

              Burundi: Rift Valley Fever - Vaccine boosts pastoralists' morale

              JULY 25, 2022
              allAfrica.com
              By Renovat Ndabashinze

              Hope is reborn among breeders, butchers… It's a sigh of relief after the government has finally decided to launch a vaccination campaign against Rift Valley fever.
              ...
              The first injections of this vaccine were administered on Thursday July 21, 2022 in Ngozi, in the north of the country, the epicenter of this zoonotic disease affecting cows, goats and sheep.
              ...
              A thousand doses of vaccine are planned for the provinces of Ngozi and Karusi alone, which are more affected by this disease, said Serges Nkurunziza, general director of livestock at the Burundian minister responsible for livestock.

              “100,000 doses will be distributed throughout the country in the week of July 25 to 30,” he announced, indicating that after the cows, small ruminants will be vaccinated.

              In Burundi, official data show more than 700,000 head of livestock at the national level.
              ...
              Until July 19, the competent services say they have recorded 910 positive cases in cattle and 632 cases in small ruminants.

              In all, 628 animals died from Rift Valley fever, including 413 cows and 215 small ruminants.

              At the national level, continue the same sources, 13 out of 18 provinces were already affected according to the General Directorate of Livestock.
              ....

              L’espoir renaît chez les éleveurs, bouchers… C’est un ouf de soulagement après que le gouvernement ait décidé finalement de lancer une campagne de vaccination contre la fièvre de la vallée du Rift.
              "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
              -Nelson Mandela

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              • #8
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                • #9
                  Translation Google

                  FAO in Burundi
                  ...
                  Rift Valley Fever defense lines fortified in Burundi

                  01/16/2023


                  Training in Bujumbura of actors in the livestock value chain

                  This is the work of the "emergency project to deal with the outbreak of Rift Valley Fever (RVF) in Burundi" of the FAO. Good things never last, it is said, the project ended its interventions on January 14 after six months of diligent work to block the way to RVF which had proved to be a threat to Burundian livestock. Technical training, awareness and extension sessions as well as the dissemination of awareness tools nationwide for the benefit of actors in the livestock value chain constitute, among other things, the arsenal of tools to fight against RVF deployed across the country.

                  The population in general, more particularly the actors of the livestock value chain - breeders, butchers, staff of veterinary and livestock services as well as the administration - have sufficient information on RVF and are sufficiently equipped to respond effectively. to the resurgence of any zoonotic disease. From now on, epidemiological surveillance and early warning of animal diseases have been reinforced. As for slaughtering practices, related hygiene and animal transport, they have also been improved.

                  Today more than ever, information related to RVF is accessible to the population through displays in places of high population frequency, in particular municipal administrative offices, municipal and provincial livestock management, slaughterhouses, etc To facilitate the sharing of information on animal diseases, butchers and breeders have created 34 groups in which zoonotic information is exchanged in real time.

                  With a view to ensuring sero-surveillance of RVF, samples were collected from 305 hills spread over all the provinces of the country. A total of 5431 samples were collected including 3945 (72.7%) for goats, 1152 (21.2%) for cattle and 334 (6.1%) for sheep. With the reagents available, 870 samples could be analyzed. The results indicate that the overall prevalence of IgG antibodies is 14%. The extremes of this prevalence are 7% and 21% respectively in the provinces of Ngozi and Kirundo.

                  Training and raising awareness of actors

                  To the credit of the FAO through the project, 12 technical training sessions were conducted for representatives of breeders, butchers, veterinary services and the staff of the General Directorate of Livestock to properly equip actors in the field of 'breeding.

                  In order to strengthen the monitoring and diagnosis of animal diseases, training in serological (ELISA) and molecular (RTqPCR) diagnostic techniques was provided to the personnel of the national veterinary laboratory. As a result, 13 laboratory managers and technicians were trained. The corollary of this training is the laboratory equipment, reagents and consumables which have been ordered to enable the veterinary services to carry out epidemiological surveillance.

                  In the same perspective, during 8 sessions, the capacities of 250 butchers and representatives of butchers' associations were strengthened, among other things, on biosecurity, personal protection, human contamination by animal diseases and vice- versa (zoonoses) and their place in the monitoring and control of these diseases.

                  Provincial livestock managers and veterinary technicians received the same training. 40 veterinary service inspectors have seen their capacity strengthened, particularly on biosecurity measures and their leading role in limiting the spread of zoonoses including RVF and their negative impact on human health, food security and livelihoods in areas affected by this epizootic. Veterinary service inspectors also learned how to perform ante and post-mortem inspection correctly.

                  Many other actors involved in the livestock sector, in this case animal health personnel, have benefited from the capacity building and awareness sessions.

                  More than 8,000 butchers and more than 6,000 breeders have been directly sensitized through the project. The beneficiaries of the sensitization relayed, in turn, the messages received to other breeders. Thus, nearly 40,000 breeders were indirectly made aware through their peers.

                  Dissemination of the means of combating RVF

                  With the aim of reaching as many stockbreeding populations as possible, more than 18,000 awareness tools have been produced and distributed on a large scale throughout the country. All of them are parchments in the fight against RVF on which actors in the livestock value chain will be able to draw upon when the time is right.

                  It should be noted that these results are the product of the technical and financial collaboration of FAO and OCHA.



                  "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                  -Nelson Mandela

                  Comment


                  • #10
                    Translation Google

                    Launch of the 10-day Rift Valley Fever vaccination campaign.

                    By Administrator
                    Dec 2, 2023

                    NGOZI, Nov 30 (ABP) – The assistant to the Minister of Environment, Agriculture and Livestock, Emmanuel Ndorimana, launched on Wednesday, November 29, the 10-day vaccination campaign against Rift Valley fever. The activities began on Buhoro hill in Gashikanwa commune where cows from Gashikanwa, Ruhororo and Tangara communes gathered.

                    According to Mr. Ndorimana, this involves the vaccination of all cows in the 7 provinces of the intervention zone of the Project for Intensification of Agricultural Production and Reduction of Vulnerability in Burundi (PAIFAR B). More than 300,000 cows are affected in Ngozi Province.

                    According to the IFAD Country Director who made the doses available, this is a response to the needs of the population and the government of Burundi. The purchase of the vaccine was not on the PAIFAR-B agenda, but the project was adjusted to prevent breeders from falling back into extreme vulnerability, once their animals were affected. He asked the government to intervene for the proper traceability of the vaccine.

                    The assistant to the minister in charge of livestock in his responsibilities said that livestock remains an important capital for Burundi. The ministry has invested in ensuring that there is good quality breeding by distributing animals of improved breed, free of charge, for the restocking of the herd. It has set up breeding centers and facilitates artificial insemination for breeders who wish it. To protect the livestock, he organized the vaccination of all cattle in the country against Rift Valley fever. The latter has presented itself as a serious epidemic since April 2022. It has decimated more than 560,000 cows nationally. Ngozi province was the most affected with more than 300,000 cows killed. For this passage, the provinces concerned are Ngozi, Kayanza, Karusi, Gitega, Ruyigi, Rutana and Muyinga.

                    "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                    -Nelson Mandela

                    Comment

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