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Mayotte - 141 human cases of Rift Valley Fever reported since November 2018

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  • Mayotte - 141 human cases of Rift Valley Fever reported since November 2018

    Translation Google

    Circulation of Rift Valley Fever in Mayotte

    Press release
    Prevention Health Watch & Epidemiology 17 January 2019

    Infectious disease, of viral origin, Rift Valley Fever (RVF) mainly affects domestic ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats), but can occasionally contaminate humans. Since November 22, 2018, five human cases of Rift Valley Fever have been reported by the laboratory of the Mayotte Hospital Center to the LRA.

    These 5 cases, grouped together over time, indicate a new circulation of the virus in Mayotte. The Indian Ocean Health Agency and the Directorate of Food, Agriculture and Forestry of Mayotte (DAAF) remind us that population the importance of implementing prevention recommendations and actions to avoid contamination.
    ...
    Epidemiological situation

    The existence of a circulation of the Rift Valley Fever (RVF) virus has been known in Mayotte since 2007, following the identification of a first human case on the territory. Following this report, the setting up of a retrospective and prospective surveillance had allowed to find a dozen human cases between 2007 and 2013.

    Among the livestock in Mayotte, for the past ten years, RVF has been monitored through epidemiological surveillance networks. This follow-up showed a steady decrease in seroprevalence until June 2018.
    In the second half of 2018, seroprevalence again increased significantly.

    Since 22 November 2018, five human cases of Rift Valley fever have been reported by the CHM laboratory to the LRA. These 5 recent cases indicate a probable new circulation of the virus in the herds of Mayotte. Indeed, none of the 5 sick people had traveled outside Mayotte during the incubation period of the disease.

    ...
    ...
    https://www.ocean-indien.ars.sante.f...u-rift-mayotte
    "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
    -Nelson Mandela

  • #2
    Translation Google

    Posted on 31/01/2019

    Monitoring Rift Valley Fever in Mayotte. Epidemiological point as of January 30, 2019.

    Point ?pid?miologique au 30 janvier 2019 (pdf- 1,34 Mo)

    Reemergence of fever
    the Rift Valley in Mayotte


    Epidemiological Point N ? 03 of 30/01/2019
    ...

    | Epidemiological Situation in Human Health as of January 28, 2019 |

    As of 28/01/2019, 19 RVF cases were reported to the watch and emergency platform of the ARS OI (CVAGS) by the CHM laboratory. The first case was on the 11th December 2018 (week 50-2018) and the next 4, diagnosed between 26/12/2018 and 03/01/2019, were reported in weeks 52-2018 and 01-2019 (Figure 1). Since, 14 new cases were reported in weeks S03-2019 (2 cases), S04-2019 (8 cases) and S05- 2019 (4 cases). These cases were confirmed by PCR in the CHM laboratory with a double confirmation for the first case by the associated CNR of Reunion arboviruses. On January 15th, 4 other samples were transferred to the CNR of the arboviruses of Marseille. The investigations carried out around these cases showed that they were all acquired locally.

    ...
    The 19 confirmed cases were mostly men (14 men and 5 women), between 27 and 64 years old. Investigation by the Anti-Vector Control Service (LAV) of the ARS OI could be carried out for 14 cases and 10 of them answered the questionnaire epidemiological investigation. In addition to fever (greater than 38.5 ? C), the 10 cases who responded to the questionnaire reported myalgia (4 cases), headache (6 case), asthenia (4 cases), arthralgia (5 cases) and stiffness of the neck (3 cases). The investigations carried out by the LAV service and the CVAGS of the ARS OI have shown that the majority of cases were in direct contact with animals (breeders) or lived close to farms including cattle and goats (9 cases), while 5 cases reported not to be in contact with animals. Two cases reported consuming sometimes raw milk from these animals.

    Geographical distribution of cases

    The first reported case of FVR resides in the commune of Mamoudzou while 11 of the 19 cases reside in the communes of the west central island of Tsingoni (3 cases), Ouangani (2 cases), Chiconi (5 cases) and Sada ( 1 case). Five resident cases in 2 communes of the North of the island: 3 cases in Mtsangamouji, 2 with family ties and 2 cases residing in the municipality of Mtsaboro in the villages of Mtsahara and Handr?ma, relatively far from the place of residence of the other cases (Figure 2). Information on place of residence was not available for 2 cases.
    The investigations carried out around the first 5 cases showed that all would have had direct or indirect links with the Ouroveni area before the onset of symptoms. It is an agricultural zone located between the villages of Combani and Chiconi, where 9 of the 19 confirmed cases live (hiking, owning a field or livestock in the area ...). No direct or indirect link was found between the Ouroveni area and the 9 other distant cases in this area.
    ...
    | Epidemiological situation in animal health |

    Samples made on ruminants present around human cases were analyzed at CIRAD in R?union for the search for the RVF virus. The results identified several positive animals in different villages located in west and center of the island (Figure 2). In addition, a positive IgM cattle has been reported to Mamoudzou. This is a cattle 2 years old belonging to a breeding of 8 cattle including 4 adults and 4 calves of 2 months. Biological control and investigations are underway. According to data from the Mayotte breeders cooperative and CIRAD, the seroprevalence of RVF, which has not stopped to drop in Mayotte from 2008 to 2017, seems to have increased significantly between the period 2017-2018 (3.6%, 95% CI [2.3; 5.6]) and the period 2018-2019 (10.1% 95% CI [6.5, 15.3]). The end of 2018 marks a break in the the decrease in seroprevalence observed since 2008. This trend is to be confirmed in 2019.

    ...

    "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
    -Nelson Mandela

    Comment


    • #3
      Translation Google

      PRESS RELEASE

      February 8, 2019

      Fever of the Rift Valley in Mayotte: increase
      of the number of cases reported


      Since the discovery of a first case in November 2018, Rift Valley Fever (RVF)
      continues to circulate on the department of Mayotte. To date, 31 human cases of Fever
      Rift Valley have been reported by the CHM laboratory at the ARS Indian Ocean.

      Viral zoonosis, RVF mainly affects domestic ruminants (cattle,
      sheep, goats), but may occasionally contaminate humans.

      The Prefecture of Mayotte, in collaboration with the ARS Indian Ocean and the Direction of
      Food, Agriculture and Forestry of Mayotte (DAAF) reminds the population
      the importance of implementing prevention recommendations and actions to protect themselves
      of the disease.

      ▬ Epidemiological situation

      As of 06 February 2019, 31 cases of Rift Valley fever have been reported to the watch platform and
      health emergencies of the ARS OI (CVAGS) of Mayotte by the CHM laboratory.
      Samples made by veterinary services in sick animals or during abortions
      have also identified 23 outbreaks of infected animals (including 1 to 6 animals)
      of which 7 are in sheep / goats, mainly in the center of the island.




      "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
      -Nelson Mandela

      Comment


      • #4
        Translation Google

        Fever of the Rift Valley in Mayotte: update on 22 February
        ...
        Epidemiological situation as at 22 February 2019

        Samples taken by veterinarians in sick animals or during abortions have identified 33 animal FVR outbreaks.

        Since late November, 63 human cases of RVF have been reported to the monitoring and health emergencies platform of the ARS OI (CVAGS) of Mayotte by the CHM laboratory.
        ...


        ---------------------------------------------------------
        FVR - CP + Update of 21 February 2019

        Updated on 22/02/2019



        "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
        -Nelson Mandela

        Comment


        • #5
          Translation Google

          Fever of the Rift Valley in Mayotte: update on 1 March

          Updated on the 01/03/2019

          ...
          In total, since the beginning of the epidemic (end of November):

          Samples taken by veterinarians in sick animals or during abortions have identified 39 outbreaks of sick animals (ie 30 bovine outbreaks). Animal outbreaks are mainly located in the center and north-west of the island.

          82 human cases of RVF have been reported to the monitoring and health emergencies platform of the ARS OI (CVAGS) of Mayotte by the CHM laboratory. The weekly number of reported cases has remained stable for 3 weeks. Human cases are mainly located in the center and north-west of the island.

          >> Among ruminants, the monitoring of Rift Valley Fever includes the monitoring of abortions: Breeders are asked to report immediately to veterinarians any abortions occurring in their animals or sick animals in order to take the samples. in search of the disease.

          An order prohibiting the marketing of untreated milk has been in force since 27/02/2019.

          ...

          "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
          -Nelson Mandela

          Comment


          • #6
            Translation Google

            Rift Valley Fever in Mayotte: update on 8 March

            Updated on the 08/03/2019

            The circulation of Rift Valley Fever (RVF) continues in Mayotte. Animal diseases of viral origin, Rift Valley fever mainly affects domestic ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats), causing abortions and high mortality in young animals. It can be transmitted from the sick animal to the Man. Since the first cases occurred in late November 2018, 52 animal outbreaks have been identified and 88 human cases have been reported. In this epidemic context, the prefecture of Mayotte, in collaboration with the ARS Indian Ocean and the Directorate of Food, Agriculture and Forestry of Mayotte (DAAF) reminds the importance of prevention measures to protect themselves from disease.
            ...




            "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
            -Nelson Mandela

            Comment


            • #7
              Translation Google

              Rift Valley Fever in Mayotte: update at 15 March
              ...
              Epidemiological situation as of March 15, 2019

              In total, since the beginning of the epidemic (end of November):

              Samples taken by veterinarians on sick animals or during abortions led to the identification of 8 new outbreaks this week, for a total of 60 outbreaks of sick animals (including 49 cattle). Animal outbreaks are mainly located in the center and north-west of the island.

              101 human cases of RVF have been reported to the platform / cell watch and health emergencies of the ARS OI (CVAGS) of Mayotte by the CHM laboratory. Of those who could be interviewed, almost 80% report having been in contact with animals. Since the beginning of the health alert, human cases are mainly located in the center and north-west of the island, with nearly 60% of cases in Chiconi and Tsingoni.

              Since February 25, the weekly number of new human cases is decreasing.

              ...
              "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
              -Nelson Mandela

              Comment


              • #8
                Translation Google

                Rift Valley Fever in Mayotte: update on March 22
                ...
                Epidemiological situation as of March 22, 2019

                In total, since the beginning of the epidemic (end of November):Samples taken by veterinarians on sick animals or during abortions have identified 75 outbreaks of sick animals (including 59 bovine animals). The animal outbreaks are mainly located in the center and north-west of the island but the first animal outbreak have appeared in the commune of Mamoudzou (4 bovines and 1 small-ruminant outbreaks).

                107 human cases of RVF have been reported to the monitoring and health emergencies platform of the ARS OI (CVAGS) of Mayotte by the CHM laboratory. Of those who could be interviewed, almost 80% report having been in contact with animals.Since the beginning of the health alert, human cases have remained mainly in the center and north-west of the island.



                ...

                "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                -Nelson Mandela

                Comment


                • #9
                  Translation Google

                  Rift Valley Fever in Mayotte: update on March 29

                  ...
                  Epidemiological situation as of March 29, 2019

                  In total, since the beginning of the epidemic (end of November):

                  Samples taken by veterinarians on sick animals or during abortions have identified 84 outbreaks of sick animals (including 69 cattle). The animal outbreaks are mainly located in the center and north-west of the island but some animal outbreaks have been found in the commune of Mamoudzou.

                  114 human cases of RVF were reported to the monitoring and health emergencies platform of the ARS OI (CVAGS) of Mayotte by the CHM laboratory. Since the beginning of the health alert, human cases have remained mainly in the center and north-west of the island.


                  ...
                  "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                  -Nelson Mandela

                  Comment


                  • #10

                    Translation Google

                    Rift Valley Fever: April 18 Update

                    Updated on 19/04/2019
                    ...
                    Epidemiological situation as at 18 April 2019

                    In total, since the beginning of the epidemic (end of November):

                    Samples taken by veterinarians on sick animals or during abortions have identified 104 outbreaks of sick animals (including 82 bovines).

                    Animal outbreaks are mainly located in the center and north-west of the island. Additional outbreaks have appeared since the end of March in the communes of Dembeni, as well as on Petite Terre.

                    The CHM laboratory reported 122 human cases of RVF to the monitoring platform and health emergencies of the ARS OI (CVAGS) of Mayotte.

                    After a steady decline in cases during the last 3 weeks of March, a new increase has been observed since the beginning of April.

                    Since the beginning of the health alert, human cases have remained mainly in the center and north-west of the island.
                    ...

                    "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                    -Nelson Mandela

                    Comment


                    • #11
                      Translation Google
                      Fever of the Rift Valley in Mayotte: update on May 10, 2019

                      Updated on the 10/05/2019



                      The circulation of Rift Valley Fever (RVF) continues in Mayotte. Animal diseases of viral origin, Rift Valley fever mainly affects domestic ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats), causing abortions and high mortality in young animals. It can be transmitted from the sick animal to the Man.
                      During the past 2 weeks, 10 new animal foci and 4 new human cases have been reported, a total of 119 animal foci and 130 human cases , since the first cases occurred at the end of November 2018. In this epidemic context, the prefecture of Mayotte , in collaboration with the ARS Indian Ocean and the Directorate of Food, Agriculture and Forestry of Mayotte (DAAF) reminds the importance of prevention measures to protect against the disease. Epidemiological situation as of May 10, 2019

                      In total, since the beginning of the epidemic (end of November):
                      • Samples taken by veterinarians on sick animals or during abortions have identified 119 outbreaks of sick animals (including 95 cattle and 24 small ruminants) .
                      Animal foci are mainly located in the center and north-west of the island. Additional outbreaks have appeared since the end of March in the municipalities of DEMBENI, as well as on Petite Terre.
                      • The CHM laboratory reported 130 human cases of RVF at the monitoring and health emergencies platform of the ARS OI (CVAGS) of Mayotte.
                      The number of reported cases has remained stable since the beginning of April (on average, 4 to 5 reported cases per week). Since the beginning of the health alert, human cases have remained mainly in the center and north-west of the island. recommendations
                      In ruminants: Monitoring of Rift Valley fever includes monitoring of abortions. Thus, breeders are required to report promptly to veterinarians any abortions or stillbirths occurring in their animals or sick animals in order to take samples in search of the disease. An order prohibiting the marketing of untreated milk has been in force since 27/02/2019. A decree prohibiting the export of live animals, raw meat and milk produced by the ruminant farms of the country has been in force since 20/03/2019. In humans: The disease is usually manifested by an influenza-like illness: high fever (39 ?), muscle and / or joint pain, severe headache, tiredness. In the vast majority of cases, healing occurs within a few days. It is recommended to consult a doctor as soon as the signs appear so that the samples in search of the disease are made.



                      ...
                      "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                      -Nelson Mandela

                      Comment


                      • #12
                        Rift Valley Fever ? Mayotte (France)

                        Disease outbreak news
                        13 May 2019


                        On 4 January 2019, the National IHR Focal Point for France informed WHO of five human autochthonous cases of Rift Valley Fever (RVF) diagnosed on Mayotte Island through the Early Warning and Response System of the European Union. The dates of symptom onset ranged from 22 November to 31 December 2018.
                        From November 2018 to 03 May 2019, 129 confirmed human Rift Valley Fever (RVF) cases and 109 animal foci (23 small ruminants and 86 bovine) have been reported in Mayotte. After a steady decline in cases during the last three weeks of March 2019, a slight increase has been observed in April 2019. As of 3 May 2019, one new human case but no new animal foci have been reported. Both human RVF cases and animal foci are mainly located in the center and the north west of the main island Grande-Terre. However, since the end of March 2019, a few new animal foci have also been detected in the east of Grande-Terre and in Petite Terre of Mayotte.
                        Public Health Response

                        The following actions have been taken since the detection of the human cases in January 2019:
                        • Enhanced surveillance of both human and animal health has been implemented by the local health authorities.
                        • Meetings between human and animal health experts have been held locally and at national level for disease information exchange.
                        • Local health authorities supply regular communications to breeders and the population to remind them about the importance of personal protective measures against mosquito bites, and avoiding consuming raw meat and milk for infection prevention.
                        • Raising awareness among health workers to rapidly diagnose cases.
                        • Commercialization of raw milk has been forbidden since 27 February 2019.
                        • Exportation of cattle and raw meat and milk from Mayotte is also forbidden since 20 March 2019.
                        WHO risk assessment

                        RVF virus has been circulating actively on the island of Mayotte, in a context of regular import of the virus from nearby countries through illegal animal movements, the presence of susceptible animals and a favorable environment for mosquito vectors to maintain virus transmission locally. RVF virus is primarily transmitted by mosquitoes mainly belonging to the Aedes and Culex genera (but also Anopheles, Mansonia and other mosquito species) among animals. Mayotte, has a notable species richness of mosquitoes with 45 documented species belonging to 15 genera including Aedes and Culex which act as reservoirs of RVF virus. The risk of mosquito borne infections in animals should decrease in the coming months as the rainy season (December to April) in Mayotte is over. However, prolonged rain linked to post-cyclone Kenneth may lead to an increase in RVF cases.
                        While the main route of infection of humans is through direct or indirect contact with the blood, body fluids, tissues and organs of infected animals and aborted animal fetuses, it is highly contagious for humans when handling infected livestock. The high-risk groups including veterinarians, livestock farmers and butchers should conduct safe animal husbandry and slaughtering practices to prevent infections. To date, no human-to-human transmission of RVF virus has been reported.
                        The RVF epizootic can cause agricultural impact and economic losses to communities due to high mortality and abortion rates among infected livestock, loss of public trust in safety of animal products (milk, meat) or bans of movement that might be put in place to control this outbreak. Local authorities have implemented appropriate control measures and strengthened the multisectoral One Health approach to prevent, detect and respond to the RVF outbreak. Nevertheless, there are concerns about a potential increase of cases and foci in May 2019, because of the Ramadan period where an increase of illegal cattle importations is expected. To date, there is no information suggesting the disease will spread beyond Mayotte.
                        WHO advice

                        RVF is a viral zoonosis that primarily affects domestic animals (including cattle, sheep, camels and goats) and to a lesser extent human. The RVF virus is highly contagious for humans when handling potentially-infected livestock. Raising awareness of the risk factors of RVF transmission as well as protective measures such as vector control and protection against mosquito bites is the key to reduce human infection and deaths. Public health messages for risk reduction should focus on:
                        • Reducing the risk of animal-to-human transmission because of unsafe animal husbandry and slaughtering practices. Practicing hand hygiene, wearing gloves and other appropriate individual protective equipment when handling sick animals or their tissues or when slaughtering animals.
                        • Reducing the risk of animal-to-human transmission arising from the unsafe consumption of fresh blood, raw milk or animal tissue by thoroughly cooking before eating.
                        • The importance of personal and community protection against mosquito bites by using impregnated mosquito nets, personal insect repellent if available, light-colored clothing (long-sleeved shirts and trousers) and by avoiding outdoor activities at peak biting times of the vector species.
                        • As outbreaks of RVF in animals precede human cases, the establishment of an active animal health surveillance system is essential in providing early warning for veterinary and human public health authorities. Routine animal immunization in endemic areas can prevent RVF epizootics. Vaccination campaigns are not recommended during an outbreak as it may intensify transmission among the herd through needle propagation of the virus.
                        WHO does not recommend any restriction on travel to, and trade with Mayotte based on the current information available on this event.
                        For more information on Rift Valley fever, please see the links below:
                        https://www.who.int/csr/don/13-may-2...tte-france/en/

                        Comment


                        • #13
                          Translation Google
                          Fever of the Rift Valley in Mayotte: update on 24 May 2019

                          Updated on 24/05/2019



                          Since the first cases occurred in late November 2018, 121 animal outbreaks have been confirmed and 134 human cases have been reported to the ARS Indian Ocean. Although animal and human foci are mainly located in the central and northwestern parts of the island, Rift Valley Fever circulation continues, with new outbreaks in the east and south . To limit the spread of cases, the prefecture of Mayotte, in collaboration with the ARS Indian Ocean and the Directorate of Food, Agriculture and Forestry of Mayotte (DAAF) reminds the importance of prevention measures for protect from the disease.
                          Epidemiological situation as of May 24, 2019
                          In total, since the beginning of the epidemic (end of November):
                          • Samples taken by veterinarians on sick animals or during abortions have identified 121 outbreaks of sick animals (including 97 cattle and 24 small ruminants) .
                          • The CHM laboratory reported 134 human cases of RVF at the monitoring and health emergencies platform of the ARS OI (CVAGS) of Mayotte.
                          Although the vast majority of human cases of RVF do not show signs of severity, 2 serious forms have been reported . The Mahoran population is called to be vigilant at the end of Ramadan
                          The rainy season, favoring the proliferation of mosquitoes, is coming to an end and should be accompanied by a reduction of animal cases. However, in the run-up to Eid el Fitr and the big wedding season, the health authorities remind the population to be vigilant in case of slaughter of animals, consumption of meat and consumption curdled milk . It is strongly recommended to follow the recommendations to protect yourself from the disease. recommendations
                          In ruminants: Monitoring of Rift Valley fever includes monitoring of abortions. Thus, breeders are required to report promptly to veterinarians any abortions or stillbirths occurring in their animals or sick animals in order to take samples in search of the disease. An order prohibiting the marketing of untreated milk has been in force since 27/02/2019. A decree prohibiting the export of live animals, raw meat and milk produced by the ruminant farms of the country has been in force since 20/03/2019. In humans: The disease is usually manifested by an influenza-like illness: high fever (39 ?), muscle and / or joint pain, severe headache, tiredness. In the vast majority of cases, healing occurs within a few days. It is recommended to consult a doctor as soon as the signs appear so that the samples in search of the disease are made.



                          ...
                          "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                          -Nelson Mandela

                          Comment


                          • #14
                            Translation Google

                            Updated on 03/06/2019

                            Rift Valley Fever in Mayotte: update on 3 June 2019

                            The circulation of Rift Valley Fever (RVF) continues in Mayotte. Animal diseases of viral origin, Rift Valley fever mainly affects domestic ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats), causing abortions and high mortality in young animals. It can be transmitted from the sick animal to the Man. A total of 123 animal outbreaks and 137 human cases have been reported since the first cases occurred in late November 2018.

                            ...

                            "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                            -Nelson Mandela

                            Comment


                            • #15
                              Translation Google


                              Rift Valley fever in Mayotte: situation as of July 5, 2019

                              Updated on 05/07/2019

                              Animal disease of viral origin, Rift Valley fever mainly affects domestic ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats), causing abortions and high mortality in young animals. It can be transmitted from the sick animal to human. A total of 124 animal outbreaks and 141 human cases have been reported since the first cases occurred in late November 2018.

                              A sharp decline in human and animal cases has been observed in recent weeks. However, during the manzarakas season, the health authorities reiterate the importance of continuing to respect preventive measures to avoid contamination.
                              ...

                              "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
                              -Nelson Mandela

                              Comment

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