RABIES, ITALY (OIE, WAHID Interface, 2/3/10, edited)

[Giuseppe]

RABIES, ITALY (OIE, WAHID Interface, 2/3/10, edited)

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Rabies, Italy
Information received on 02/02/2010 from Prof. Dr Romano Marabelli, Capo Dipartimento, Dipartimento Sanita Pubblica Veterinaria, Nutrizione e Sicurezza Alimenti , Ministero Lavoro,Salute e Politiche Sociali, ROME , Italy

• Summary
  • Report type Follow-up report No. 34
  • Start date 10/10/2008
  • Date of first confirmation of the event 17/10/2008
  • Report date 02/02/2010
  • Date submitted to OIE 02/02/2010
  • Reason for notification Reoccurrence of a listed disease
  • Date of previous occurrence 1995
  • Manifestation of disease Clinical disease
  • Causal agent Rabies virus
  • Serotype RABV
  • Nature of diagnosis Suspicion, Laboratory (advanced), Necropsy
  • This event pertains to a defined zone within the country
  • Related reports
    • Immediate notification (21/10/2008)
    • Follow-up report No. 1 (29/10/2008)
    • Follow-up report No. 2 (05/12/2008)
    • Follow-up report No. 3 (09/01/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 4 (15/01/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 5 (23/01/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 6 (05/02/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 7 (31/03/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 8 (07/04/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 9 (08/05/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 10 (18/06/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 11 (30/06/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 12 (02/07/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 13 (10/08/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 14 (17/08/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 15 (27/08/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 16 (02/09/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 17 (23/09/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 18 (25/09/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 19 (30/09/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 20 (06/10/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 21 (14/10/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 22 (19/10/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 23 (04/11/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 24 (09/11/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 25 (23/11/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 26 (30/11/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 27 (04/12/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 28 (11/12/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 29 (18/12/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 30 (31/12/2009)
    • Follow-up report No. 31 (12/01/2010)
    • Follow-up report No. 32 (18/01/2010)
    • Follow-up report No. 33 (24/01/2010)
    • Follow-up report No. 34 (02/02/2010)

• New outbreaks
  • Outbreak 1 (108 RABIES) - LOCALITA' MARESON, ZOLDO ALTO, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 21/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species ? Susceptible ? Cases ? Deaths ? Destroyed ? Slaughtered
      • Wild species ? 1 - 0 - 1 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a fox culled.
  • Outbreak 2 (107 RABIES) - LOCALITA' SALGONA, VIGO DI CADORE, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 21/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed - Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 1 - 0 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a fox found dead.
  • Outbreak 3 (110 RABIES) - LOCALITA' VILLAPICCOLA, AURONZO DI CADORE, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 21/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths ? Destroyed - Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 1 - 0 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a fox found dead.
  • Outbreak 4 (112 RABIES) - LOCALITA' CAMPO, DANTA DI CADORE, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 23/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed ? Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 1 - 0 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a fox found dead.
  • Outbreak 5 (117 RABIES) - LOCALITA' VOLPERE VIA MORTISA, CORTINA D'AMPEZZO, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 25/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed ? Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 1 - 0 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a fox found dead.
  • Outbreak 6 (119 RABIES) - LOCALITA' CAMPOLONGO, SANTO STEFANO DI CADORE, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 26/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed - Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 1 - 0 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a roe found dead.
  • Outbreak 7 (106 RABIES) - LOCALITA' SORA PAIS, AURONZO DI CADORE, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 20/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed - Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 1 - 0 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a fox found dead.
  • Outbreak 8 (111 RABIES) - LOCALITA' CASAL, FORNO DI ZOLDO, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 22/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed - Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 1 - 0 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a roe found dead.
  • Outbreak 9 (118 RABIES) - LOCALITA' SS 52 KM. 90,000, SANTOSTEFANO DI CADORE, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 25/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed - Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a fox culled.
  • Outbreak 10 (114 RABIES) - LOCALITA' MALCOM, LONGARONE, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 24/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species ? Susceptible ? Cases ? Deaths ? Destroyed ? Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 1 - 0 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a fox found dead.
  • Outbreak 11 (115 RABIES) - LOCALITA' CHIAPPUZZA, SAN VITO DI CADORE, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 25/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed - Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 1 - 0 ? 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a fox found dead.
  • Outbreak 12 (104 RABIES) - LOCALITA' SERDES, SAN VITO DI CADORE, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 20/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed - Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 1 - 0 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a fox found dead.
  • Outbreak 13 (109 RABIES) - LOCALITA' FORTI DI VENAS, VALLE DI CADORE, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 21/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species ? Susceptible - Cases ? Deaths - Destroyed ? Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 1 - 0 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a fox found dead.
  • Outbreak 14 (113 RABIES) - LOCALITA' FUSINE, ZOLDO ALTO, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 23/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species ? Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed ? Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a fox culled.
  • Outbreak 15 (116 RABIES) - LOCALITA' VAL FRISON, SANTO STEFANO DI CADORE, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 25/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed ? Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 0 - 1 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a fox culled.
  • Outbreak 16 (103 RABIES) - LOCALITA' VILLAPICCOLA, AURONZO DI CADORE, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 14/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Not applicable
    • Affected animals: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed - Slaughtered
      • Wild species - 1 - 1 - 0 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a fox found dead.
  • Outbreak 17 (105 RABIES) - LOCALITA' VIA VELRNA, PADAVENA, BELLUNO, VENETO
    • Date of start of the outbreak 20/01/2010
    • Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    • Epidemiological unit Village
    • Affected animals: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed ? Slaughtered
      • Cats - 1 - 1 - 0 - 0
      • Affected Population The positivity regards a cat found dead.

• Summary of outbreaks
  • Total outbreaks: 17
  • Total animals affected: Species - Susceptible - Cases - Deaths - Destroyed - Slaughtered
    • Wild species - 16 - 12 - 4 - 0
    • Cats - 1 - 1 - 0 - 0
  • Outbreak statistics: Species - Apparent morbidity rate - Apparent mortality rate - Apparent case fatality rate - Proportion susceptible animals lost*
    • Wild species ** ? ** - 75.00% - **
    • Cats ** - ** - 100.00% - **
    • * Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter
    • ** Not calculated because of missing information

• Epidemiology
  • Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection
    • Unknown or inconclusive
    • Contact with wild species

• Epidemiological comments
  • Starting from October 2008, the rabies cases detected are 119 (105 foxes, 5 badgers, 3 roes, 3 dogs, 1 beech marten, 1 cat and 1 donkey) distributed in the following regions: Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Udine, Pordenone and Trieste provinces) and Veneto (Belluno province).
  • New vaccination campaigns have been implemented as follows:
    • 1. At the beginning of December 2009 (100,000 additional baits for foxes, manual distribution) all over the territory of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, where the previous campaigns were put in place (about 4,500 square km);
    • 2. Starting on 28 December 2009 (300,000 baits for foxes, air distribution with helicopters) and continuing on January 2010 (manual distribution) covering the following territories (about 17,500 square km), avoiding areas where baits would be exposed to freezing temperatures:
      • - Veneto region: Belluno, Treviso and Vicenza provinces and part of Padova, Venezia and Verona provinces;
      • - Part of Bolzano province;
      • - Part of Trento province.

• Control measures
  • Measures applied
    • Control of wildlife reservoirs
    • Vaccination in response to the outbreak (s)
      • Administrative division: Species - Total Vaccinated ? Details
        • FRIULI-VENEZIA GIULIA - Wild species - 222000 - baits for foxes - modified-live vaccine Rabigen SAG2 ? Virbac
        • VENETO - Wild species - 300000 - baits for foxes - modified-live vaccine SAD B 19 - IDT Biologika
    • No treatment of affected animals
  • Measures to be applied
    • No other measures

• Diagnostic test results
  • Laboratory name and type Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute (IZS), Venezie - Padova, National Reference Laboratory (National laboratory)
    • Tests and results: Species - Test - Test date - Result
      • Cats - direct immunofluorescence (DIF) test - 26/01/2010 - Positive
      • Wild species - direct immunofluorescence (DIF) test - 19/01/2010 - Positive
      • Wild species - direct immunofluorescence (DIF) test - 21/01/2010 - Positive
      • Wild species - direct immunofluorescence (DIF) test - 26/01/2010 - Positive
      • Wild species - direct immunofluorescence (DIF) test - 28/01/2010 - Positive

• Future Reporting
  • The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.

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