Announcement

Collapse
No announcement yet.

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. Antiviral efficacy of favipiravir against two prominent etiological agents of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

Collapse
X
 
  • Filter
  • Time
  • Show
Clear All
new posts

  • Antimicrob Agents Chemother. Antiviral efficacy of favipiravir against two prominent etiological agents of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

    [Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, full page: (LINK). Abstract, edited.]


    Antiviral efficacy of favipiravir against two prominent etiological agents of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

    David Safronetz 1#, Darryl Falzarano 1, Dana P. Scott 2, Yousuke Furuta 3, Heinz Feldmann 1 and Brian B. Gowen 4#


    Author Affiliations: <SUP>1</SUP> Laboratory of Virology <SUP>2</SUP> Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, United States of America <SUP>3</SUP> T-705 project, Toyama Chemical Company, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan <SUP>4</SUP> Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, United States of America.


    ABSTRACT

    Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is caused by infection with several Sigmodontinae- and Neotominae-borne hantaviruses and has a case fatality rate of 30-50%. Humans often become infected by inhalation of materials contaminated with virus-laden rodent urine or saliva, though human-to-human transmission has also been documented for Andes virus (ANDV). The capability to transmit via aerosolization, coupled with the high mortality rates and lack of therapeutic options make the development of medical countermeasures against HPS imperative. In the present study we evaluated the efficacy of the broad-spectrum antiviral agent favipiravir (T-705) against Sin Nombre virus (SNV) and ANDV, the predominant causes of HPS in North and South America, respectively. In vitro, T-705 potently inhibited SNV and ANDV as evidenced by decreased detection of viral RNA and reduced infectious titers. For both viruses the 90% effective concentration was estimated at ≤5μg/mL (≤31.8μM). In the lethal ANDV hamster model, daily administration of oral T-705 at 50 or 100mg/kg diminished the detection of viral RNA and antigen in tissue specimens and significantly improved survival rates. Oral T-705 therapy remained protective against HPS when treatment was initiated prior to viremia onset. A disease model for SNV does not exist, however using a hamster-adapted SNV, we found that daily administration of oral T-705 significantly reduced the detection of SNV RNA and antigen in tissues specimens, suggesting the compound would also be effective against HPS in North America. Combined these results suggest T-705 treatment is beneficial for post-exposure prophylaxis against HPS-causing viruses and should be considered for probable exposures.


    FOOTNOTES

    # Corresponding authors Email: safronetzd@niaid.nih.gov (DS)

    # brian.gowen@usu.edu (BBG)

    Copyright ? 2013, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.


    -
    --------
Working...
X