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  • Potential Nipah vaccine passes primate test

    Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releas...-pnv080912.php

    Public release date: 9-Aug-2012

    Contact: Jim Kelly
    jpkelly@utmb.edu
    409-772-8791
    University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston

    Potential Nipah vaccine passes primate test

    Researchers have successfully tested a vaccine for the deadly Nipah virus in monkeys, raising hopes that it could provide similar protection for humans.

    With greater than a 75 percent fatality rate and the ability to be transmitted directly from person to person, Nipah has long been a significant concern for infectious-disease experts. The virus, which is carried naturally by fruit bats, was first discovered in Malaysia in 1998. Outbreaks have occurred in nearly every year since, in Singapore, Bangladesh and India.

    "This vaccine is based on a protein from Hendra virus, which is a very close relative of Nipah ? Hendra's found in Australia and is also spread by bats, which give it to horses, which give it to people," said University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston professor Thomas Geisbert, senior author of a paper on the study now online in Science Translational Medicine. "We've got a lot of confidence that the vaccine will work in people, because the animal model we used in this experiment, the African green monkey, faithfully reproduces all aspects of human Nipah and Hendra disease..."

  • #2
    Re: Potential Nipah vaccine passes primate test

    [Source: Science Translational Medicine, full page: (LINK). Abstract, edited.]
    <CITE><ABBR>Sci Transl Med</ABBR> 8 August 2012: </CITE>
    <CITE>Vol. 4, Issue 146, p. 146ra107 </CITE>
    <CITE>Sci. Transl. Med. DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3004241 </CITE>
    <CITE></CITE>
    <CITE></CITE>Research Article, Nipah Virus

    A Hendra Virus G Glycoprotein Subunit Vaccine Protects African Green Monkeys from Nipah Virus Challenge


    Katharine N. Bossart<SUP>1</SUP>,<SUP>2</SUP>,*, Barry Rockx<SUP>3</SUP>,<SUP>4</SUP>,*, Friederike Feldmann<SUP>5</SUP>, Doug Brining<SUP>6</SUP>, Dana Scott<SUP>6</SUP>, Rachel LaCasse<SUP>6</SUP>, Joan B. Geisbert<SUP>7</SUP>,<SUP>8</SUP>, Yan-Ru Feng<SUP>9</SUP>, Yee-Peng Chan<SUP>9</SUP>, Andrew C. Hickey<SUP>1</SUP>,<SUP>2</SUP>, Christopher C. Broder<SUP>9</SUP>,<SUP>?</SUP>, Heinz Feldmann<SUP>3</SUP>,<SUP>10</SUP> and Thomas W. Geisbert<SUP>7</SUP>,<SUP>8</SUP>
    <SUP></SUP>
    Author Affiliations: <SUP>1</SUP>Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA. <SUP>2</SUP>National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA. <SUP>3</SUP>Laboratory of Virology, National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA. <SUP>4</SUP>Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, Departments of Pathology and Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555?0610, USA. <SUP>5</SUP>Offices of Operations and Management, National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA. <SUP>6</SUP>Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA. <SUP>7</SUP>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA. <SUP>8</SUP>Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA. <SUP>9</SUP>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. <SUP>10</SUP>Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.

    Author Notes: * These authors contributed equally to this work. ?To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: christopher.broder@usuhs.edu



    Abstract

    In the 1990s, Hendra virus and Nipah virus (NiV), two closely related and previously unrecognized paramyxoviruses that cause severe disease and death in humans and a variety of animals, were discovered in Australia and Malaysia, respectively. Outbreaks of disease have occurred nearly every year since NiV was first discovered, with case fatality ranging from 10 to 100%. In the African green monkey (AGM), NiV causes a severe lethal respiratory and/or neurological disease that essentially mirrors fatal human disease. Thus, the AGM represents a reliable disease model for vaccine and therapeutic efficacy testing. We show that vaccination of AGMs with a recombinant subunit vaccine based on the henipavirus attachment G glycoprotein affords complete protection against subsequent NiV infection with no evidence of clinical disease, virus replication, or pathology observed in any challenged subjects. Success of the recombinant subunit vaccine in nonhuman primates provides crucial data in supporting its further preclinical development for potential human use.


    Copyright ? 2012, American Association for the Advancement of Science

    Citation: K. N. Bossart, B. Rockx, F. Feldmann, D. Brining, D. Scott, R. LaCasse, J. B. Geisbert, Y.-R. Feng, Y.-P. Chan, A. C. Hickey, C. C. Broder, H. Feldmann, T. W. Geisbert, A Hendra Virus G Glycoprotein Subunit Vaccine Protects African Green Monkeys from Nipah Virus Challenge. Sci. Transl. Med. 4, 146ra107 (2012).

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