Ivory Coast - Discovery of a case of dengue type 3 in the health district of Cocody-Bingerville

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03-05-2017 HEALTH / SPORT

DISCOVERING A CASE OF DENGUE IN THE COCODY-BINGERVILLE HEALTH DISTRICT: GOVERNMENT TAKES MEASURES TO AVOID PROPAGATION OF DISEASE

Government spokesman Bruno Kon? announced on Wednesday (May 3rd) the discovery of a case of dengue type 3 in the health district of Cocody-Bingerville on 28 April 2017 as confirmed by the Pasteur Institute of C?te d ' Ivory. According to the Spokesperson of the Government of C?te d'Ivoire, who reported on the issues addressed in the Council of Ministers on Wednesday, the Council urgently instructed the Ministry of Health and Public Health and all ministers Concerned to take vigorous measures to prevent and combat the prevention and control of the transmission of the dengue virus.

According to him, active investigations of possible further infections were carried out between the date of the first infection and today, following the notification of this case in accordance with the protocols existing at the WHO. Thus, 17 new suspect cases were identified.

Pending the results the blood samples taken and sent to the Institut Pasteur for analysis, epidemiological and entomological investigations are continuing, assured the Minister of Communication, Digital Economy and Post.

In order to counter the spread of the vector-borne disease, the Government is planning a mosquito control of sites hosting breeding sites throughout the autonomous district of Abidjan, said the Spokesman of the Government.

"All neighborhoods will be traveled and the Government will proceed to mosquito control," said Kon?, adding that at this stage it is important "to inform the populations and at the same time to reassure them that things look good And that everything is done to prevent a spread of this disease in Abidjan and in the country ".

Dengue or "tropical flu" is a disease transmitted by the bite of a mosquito of the genus Aedes carrying one of the four dengue viruses. There is no direct transmission from person to person. The dengue virus is a flavivirus, such as West Nile virus and yellow fever.

http://www.gouv.ci/_actualite-article.php?d=1&recordID=7574&p=9

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Source:
Outbreaks and other emergencies updates
Week 19: 06 ? 12 May 2017

http://www.afro.who.int/en/clusters-a-programmes/whe/outbreaks-and-other-emergencies-updates.html

WEEKLY BULLETIN ON OUTBREAKS
AND OTHER EMERGENCIES
Week 19: 06 ? 12 May 2017
Data as reported by 17:00 12 May 2017

Excerpt:

Dengue fever Cote d?Ivoire
Event description
34
Cases
0
Deaths
0%
CFR

On 03 May 2017, the C?te d?Ivoire Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene
notified WHO of an outbreak of dengue fever in Cocody-Bingerville
health district in Abidjan, the capital city. The outbreak started on
22 April 2017 when the initial case, a 17-year-old boy from Deux-Plateau-Vallon
district, presented to the local health facility with a febrile
illness that was not responsive to a course of antimalarial treatment.

Biological samples obtained from the case-patient on 23 April 2017
and shipped to the Institut Pasteur of C?te d?Ivoire (IPCI) tested positive
for dengue virus sero-type 3 on 28 April 2017, thus confirming
the outbreak.

Active case search, done as part of epidemiologic investigation, detected
14 suspected acute cases of dengue fever in the community
and neighbourhood of the index case. Six out of 14 blood samples
obtained from these acute cases tested positive for dengue virus type
3 at the IPCI. Meanwhile, retrospective review of health records in two
health facilities in Cocody identified 20 cases seen in the past days
with a clinical picture meeting the case definition of dengue fever.

Between 22 April and 8 May 2017, a total of 34 cases meeting the
standard case definition of dengue fever have been line-listed from
eight communities [Ste C?cile, Bertille JBG, Sococe Annex, 12th Arrondissement,
Saigon night, ENA, Vallon, and Carrefour]. No deaths
have been attributed to the disease, thus the case fatality rate remains
0%. The average age of cases recorded is 25.7 years, with a range
of 1 to 67 years.

Preliminary entomological investigation carried out in Cocody commune
revealed very high indices [House Index of 62.5%, Container
Index of 26%], indicating the abundance of the mosquito vector of
the Aedes genus. Of the mosquitos caught, 37 mono-specific batches
were transferred to the IPCI for viral assay. Mosquito breeding sites
such as discarded water containers (tins, plastics, and tyres), bushes,
shallow holes, etc. were widespread in the affected communities.

Public health actions

? A multi-disciplinary team comprising epidemiologists, entomologists, laboratory scientists, etc. from the Ministry of Health, IPCI and
WHO conducted epidemiological and entomological investigations from 28 April - 01 May 2017.
? Since 06 May 2017, sensitization of the communities on mosquito control activities is being carried out using various media channels
such as television, radios and print.
? Since 08 May 2017, fumigation against adult mosquitos has started in the municipalities.
? Distribution of insecticide-impregnated mosquito nets has been initiated to promote vector control at household level.
? Epidemiological surveillance including active case search in the affected communities has been strengthened.
? An operation to collect used tires, containers, etc. in the districts of Abidjan has been initiated.

Situation interpretation

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral infection which usually causes a mild flu-like illness but occasionally develops into a potentially lethal
complication called severe dengue. The majority of dengue virus infections are asymptomatic, which is an indication that the burden of the
current outbreak in C?te d?Ivoire is much larger than that actually seen.

Dengue viruses are primarily maintained by a human-to-mosquito-to-human cycle. The primary vector is the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which
is highly adapted to human habitations. Aedes albopictus can also sustain dengue virus transmission in humans. The high entomological
indices observed during the rapid assessment conducted in the affected community illustrate the high transmission potential of the disease.

The country has demonstrated capacity to handle the outbreak. The experience acquired in managing previous dengue fever outbreaks,
exiting laboratory and entomological capacities and the existence of a multidisciplinary team of experts was instrumental in mounting a
rapid response to this outbreak. Close follow-up is however required to ensure that the outbreak is rapidly controlled. This therefore calls for
strengthening the operational capacities of response teams for vector control.