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Togo - Cholera outbreak 2021

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  • Togo - Cholera outbreak 2021

    WEEKLY BULLETIN ON OUTBREAKS
    AND OTHER EMERGENCIES

    Week 46: 08 – 14 November 2021
    Data as reported by: 17:00; 14 November 2021
    ...
    Cholera Togo

    17 Cases
    4 Death
    23.5% CFR


    EVENT DESCRIPTION

    A cholera outbreak is ongoing in Agouégan village, Agouégan health
    area (HA) located in the Lacs district in Togo. The index case was
    notified on 5 November 2021 by the health unit of Agouégan. This
    was a 15-year-old boy admitted for diarrhoea and signs of severe
    dehydration who died later. A stool sample analysed at the National
    Institute of Hygiene (INH) laboratory tested positive for Vibrio
    cholerae on 7 November 2021. The index case was sharing the
    same neighbourhood with a probable case who sought health care
    at the same health facility on 3 November 2021 and later died in the
    community on 4 November 2021.

    Initial investigations conducted by the Lacs health district team
    detected two additional community deaths that occurred on 1
    November 2021 having signs and symptoms consistent with cholera.

    These two community deaths were linked to the second case who
    died on 4 November 2021.

    As of 9 November 2021, a total of 17 cases and 4 deaths (case fatality
    ratio (CFR) = 23.5%) have been reported in the Lacs district. The 10
    to 20-year age group is the most affected with 17.6% (3/17). The sex
    ratio is 1:1 and the median age is 33.5 years old (range 9 to 68). The
    village of Agouégan is near the Togolese border with Benin where
    another cholera outbreak is ongoing, and it is separated from Benin
    by the Mono River. The trade exchanges and populations movements
    between Benin and Togo through the Agouégan village are intense
    especially on market day, increasing the risk of cross-border cholera
    transmission in both directions.

    PUBLIC HEALTH ACTIONS

    Additional human resources were deployed to the Agouégan
    health Unit to support response activities.

    The cholera response plan has been finalized.

    Cholera treatment medicines, water purification tablets, medical
    supplies and medical equipment (ambulance, sprayer, cholera
    beds) have been delivered to the affected health district.

    Home disinfection for cases is ongoing.

    Response teams are strengthening surveillance systems in the
    affected areas.

    Risk communication activities have started with awareness
    messages on cholera in the community, and meetings with
    community leaders for their involvement in the outbreak
    response activities.

    SITUATION INTERPRETATION

    Since 1990, major cholera outbreaks have been recorded in
    different areas of Togo. The Lacs district is one of the at-risk
    areas for cholera due to poor environmental hygiene conditions
    coupled with recurrent flooding and open defecation which is
    common in the area. Access to drinking water is suboptimal.

    The proximity of the Lacs district to Benin that is also
    experiencing cholera outbreak is concerning given the frequent
    high population movements between the two countries.

    PROPOSED ACTION

    Cholera remains a disease linked to poor hygiene conditions,
    therefore, efforts should be made to improve access to a clean
    source of sufficient drinking water and sanitation facilities.
    All these improved hygiene conditions actions should be
    accompanied by the robust awareness-raising activities to the
    populations for them to abandon cholera risky practices.
    Cross-border collaboration with neighboring countries must be
    intensified to limit cross-border transmission.

    ...
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