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Red Meat Linked to Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer

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  • Red Meat Linked to Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer

    http://www.medpagetoday.com/Hematolo...Cancer/tb/4515

    <TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width=623 border=0><TBODY><TR><TD class=credit vAlign=top>By Crystal Phend, MedPage Today Staff Writer
    Reviewed by Zalman S. Agus, MD; Emeritus Professor at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.
    November 14, 2006
    </TD><TD width=8> </TD></TR><TR><TD></TD><TD></TD><TD width=8> </TD></TR><TR><TD></TD><TD class=text vAlign=top align=left bgColor=#edebe0>
    </TD><TD width=8> </TD></TR><TR><TD></TD><TD class=text>Review
    BOSTON, Nov. 14 -- A diet heavy on red meat may increase the risk of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in premenopausal women, researchers said.
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    However, beef, pork and lamb intake had no effect on hormone receptor-negative or overall breast cancer risk (both P=0.28 for trend), said Eunyoung Cho, Sc.D., of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard, and colleagues, in the Nov. 13 Archives of Internal Medicine.<O:P></O:P>

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    They conducted an analysis of the Nurses' Health Study II, including 90,659 women (baseline age 26 to 46, average 36) followed prospectively for 12 years with periodic food questionnaires. Postmenopausal women were excluded or dropped from the analysis.
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    Estrogen and progesterone receptor positive breast cancer risk showed a significant trend for increasing red meat intake (P=0.001). Compared with three or fewer servings a week, the researchers reported multivariate-adjusted relative risks:<O:P></O:P>
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    • 1.14 for between three and five servings per week (95% confidence interval 0.90 to 1.45),<O:P></O:P>
    • 1.42 for between five servings per week and one per day (95% CI 1.06 to 1.90), <O:P></O:P>
    • 1.20 for between one and 1.5 servings per day (95% CI 0.89 to 1.63), and <O:P></O:P>
    • 1.97 for more than 1.5 servings per day (95% CI 1.35 to 2.88). <O:P></O:P>

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    The link between red meat and breast cancer has long been tenuous, with inconsistent findings in previous studies.<O:P></O:P>

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    However, "given that most of the risk factors for breast cancer are not easily modifiable, these findings have potential public health implications in preventing breast cancer and should be evaluated further," Dr. Cho and colleagues wrote.<O:P></O:P>
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    Among the 1,021 cases of invasive premenopausal breast cancer that occurred during the trial, relatively few were hormone-receptor negative (167 versus 512 ER+/PR+). In these cases, though, the relationship to red meat intake was significantly different than that for hormone receptor- positive disease (P=0.01). <O:P></O:P>
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    Compared with three or fewer servings of red meat per week, the relative risk of hormone receptor negative breast cancer was::<O:P></O:P>
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    • 1.34 for between three and five servings per week (95% CI 0.89 to 2.00),<O:P></O:P>
    • 1.21 for between five servings per week and one per day (95% CI 0.73 to 2.00), <O:P></O:P>
    • 0.69 for between one and 1.5 servings per day (95% CI 0.39 to 1.23), and <O:P></O:P>
    • 0.89 for more than 1.5 servings per day (95% CI 0.43 to 1.84). <O:P></O:P>

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    Overall breast cancer risk relative to intake was 1.03 (95% CI 0.87 to 1.21), 1.10 (95% CI 0.90 to 1.35), 0.96 (95% CI 0.78 to 1.19), and 1.27 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.67), respectively.<O:P></O:P>

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    The relationships remained consistent when grams of intake were analyzed rather than servings, when quintiles of intake were examined, and when adjusted for other food groups like vegetable intake.
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    All relative risks reported were adjusted for tobacco use, body mass index, height, age at menarche, oral contraceptive use, family history of breast cancer, history of benign breast disease, parity and age at first birth, and intakes of calories and alcohol.<O:P></O:P>

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    The participants who ate more red meat were also more likely to be current smokers, to have three or more children, and to have a higher body mass index and caloric intake but less likely to have a history of benign breast disease.<O:P></O:P>

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    The researchers postulated that red meat may increase hormone receptor positive breast cancer through components such as carcinogenic heterocyclic amines, tumor-inducing heme iron, and exogenous hormone residues.<O:P></O:P>

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    "Because hormonal risk factors are more strongly related to hormone receptor positive cancers, meat intake may operate through hormonal pathways," the researchers wrote.<O:P></O:P>
    <O:P></O:P>The study was supported by the National Institutes of Health.
    Primary source: Archives of Internal Medicine

    Source reference:
    Cho E, et al "Red Meat Intake and Risk of Breast Cancer Among Premenopausal Women" Arch Intern Med. 2006; 166:2253-2259.

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    "The next major advancement in the health of American people will be determined by what the individual is willing to do for himself"-- John Knowles, Former President of the Rockefeller Foundation

  • #2
    Re: Red Meat Linked to Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer

    This is a very interesting study and I thank you for printing it. I do find enjoyment in the red meats and fowl, but not exclusively. I enjoy fish more as well as tofu and miso for protein needs. Additional benefits of Omega 3 fatty acids may be found in the fish which is a benefit to the heart. Additional to this, the soy based proteins are suspected to reduce cancer risks of many kinds. I shall search for a study on soy product foods as they relate to the risk of cancer diseases.

    Comment


    • #3
      Re: Red Meat Linked to Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer

      Welcome to the forum Princess Caraboo.

      There is a debate on soy consumption for women with Estrogen Receptor positive status. Among many sources...

      http://www.breastcancer.org/nutr_bc_foods_soy.html
      .....It's not clear if soy isoflavones affect breast cancer, especially hormone-receptor-positive breast cancers. Isoflavones may affect hormonal therapy's ability to do its job if both of these molecules compete to get into the same estrogen receptors. If isoflavones deliver a weaker estrogen signal to the receptor compared to tamoxifen (and your body's estrogen), then the isoflavones might be able to decrease breast cell growth that's estrogen-dependent. But if the isoflavones give breast cells a stronger estrogen signal than tamoxifen, that's a problem.

      Until the issue becomes clearer, many doctors recommend that women who take hormonal therapy or who have estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer avoid soy supplements because they contain high concentrations of isoflavones. But in general, it's fine to eat moderate amounts of soy foods as part of a balanced diet. One to three servings of soy a day (a serving is about a half cup) is similar to an average Japanese woman's daily soy intake. If you are taking hormonal therapy to fight off a hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer, and you are concerned about any phytoestrogen effects, ask your doctor or registered dietitian about how much soy you can eat.

      .
      "The next major advancement in the health of American people will be determined by what the individual is willing to do for himself"-- John Knowles, Former President of the Rockefeller Foundation

      Comment

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