MOG antibody associated demyelinating disease (MOGAD) is a newly described autoimmune disorder more common in children.

[Emily]

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8883298/

Kroenke E, Ankar A, Malani Shukla N. Refractory MOG-Associated Demyelinating Disease in a Pediatric Patient. Child Neurol Open. 2022 Feb 25;9:2329048X221079093. doi: 10.1177/2329048X221079093. PMID: 35237705; PMCID: PMC8883298.

Abstract

Background: MOG antibody associated demyelinating disease (MOGAD) is a newly described autoimmune disorder that presents with monophasic or multiphasic demyelination in children. Case: We report a case of MOGAD that was refractory to current treatment algorithms and required rapid escalation of immunotherapy to achieve disease control. Conclusion: This case helps to further expand the phenotype of MOGAD and emphasizes the need to consider MOGAD in patients presenting with focal neurologic deficits, altered mental status, and/or seizures.


Keywords: MOGAD, demyelinating disease, pediatric
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Discussion

MOGAD is a newly described autoimmune disease whose phenotype continues to expand with new patient cases. While initially the existence of positive serum MOG antibodies was thought to be a biological marker for MS, it is now widely agreed that the presence of MOG antibodies typically suggests a non-MS course. ⁵ The detection of MOG antibodies is most commonly associated with a multitude of demyelinating conditions including ADEM, relapsing optic neuritis (ON), NMOSD, MDEM, and relapsing transverse myelitis (TM); however, MOGAD can also present as autoimmune encephalitis, with altered mental status, seizures, and mainly cortical involvement. Recently, a leukodystrophy-like phenotype has also been described.^6,7...

[Emily]

https://www.childrens.com/specialties-services/conditions/antibody-associated-disorder

Anti-MOG Associated Disease


Anti-MOG Associated Disease is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system responsible for inflammation in the brain, spinal cord and/or optic nerves. This condition impacts both adults and children but is more common in children.