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Red Cross Officials Confirm Chicken Pox Outbreak in Uganda - not Small Pox

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  • Red Cross Officials Confirm Chicken Pox Outbreak in Uganda - not Small Pox

    Small pox reported in Bududa camps


    By Tabu Butagira (email the author)



    Posted Thursday, March 25 2010 at 00:00
    In Summary
    Meanwhile, the government has sent a team of geologists from Makerere University to assess the risk to Manafwa District residents living on Mt. Elgon slopes following the discovery of a five-kilometre long uphill fissure.



    Kampala

    Four children in Internally Displaced People’s camps in Bududa District, reportedly suffering from small pox, have been taken to Bukigai and Bulucheke Health Centres III and II, respectively.

    Ms Kevin Nabutuwa, Uganda Red Cross’ regional programme officer for eastern Uganda, said last evening that the infections were registered on Monday and Tuesday.



    Spread contained
    “These are cases in the IDP camps but the spread has been contained,” she said by phone.

    In Kampala, Dr Richard Nduhuura, the state minister for Health (general duties), said he is “unaware” of the outbreak of the disease that scientists say can kill three out of every 10 infected persons.

    He referred this newspaper to the acting Director General of Health Services, Dr Kenya Mugisha, who was unavailable for comment


    Information posted on the World Health Organisation website indicates that small pox, an ancient communicable disease infamous for killing Queen Mary II of England, is transmitted mainly through infected aerosols and air droplets.

    “The frequency of infection is highest after face-to-face contact with a patient,” says WHO.
    Symptoms include fever, headache, and back/abdominal pangs. Survivors usually remain with deep-pitted scars (pockmarks), most prominently on the face.

    Meanwhile, the government on Wednesday sent a team of geologists from Makerere University to assess the risk to Manafwa District residents living on Mt. Elgon slopes following the discovery of a five-kilometre long uphill fissure.

    Disaster Preparedness Minister Tarsis Kabwegyere said arrangements are underway to relocate the most-at-risk populations.

    “We have called on area Members of Parliament and councillors to be involved in the mobilisation and senstisation of the residents to avoid another tragedy,” he said by phone.

    Villages at risk
    A joint team of bureaucrats, Uganda Red Cross Society and local officials inspected the fault line yesterday.
    Initial reports suggested some 10,000 people in 33 villages could be buried by landslides following the expanding crack that has already pushed a mass of soil halfway, downhill.



  • #2
    Re: Smallpox outbreak in Uganda??

    Possible chicken pox misdiagnosed if doctors are no longer used to seeing "full" chicken pox cases. This description froma doctor treating chicken pox in the US

    "We've seen some mild cases," Dr. Marc McDermott, a pediatrician with Northern Berkshire Pediatrics, said on Wednesday. "What we're seeing in children who have had the varicella vaccination is what looks like a rash -- from a few red raised bumps to a few dozen bumps. Children aren't getting the red itchy blisters that were the hallmark of the illness. Twenty years ago, you would know a child had the chickenpox because he would have a 102-degree fever and break out in hundreds of blisters." http://www.berkshireeagle.com/ci_146...e=most_emailed
    While local pediatricians wouldn't call the local cases a cause for concern, outbreaks of the illness, which can cause major complications, were most recently reported in vaccinated children in San Diego County schools and at the University of Wisconsin -- LaCosse campus. Internationally, outbreaks of epidemic proportions have been reported in Uganda, India and Vietnam, where thousands of unvaccinated children and adults are reportedly suffering from respiratory complications caused by the virus.

    Comment


    • #3
      Re: Smallpox In 4 People Reported in Uganda - Not Confirmed

      Kevin Nabutuwa is with the Uganda Red Cross. A snip from an article by AP and carried on NPR:


      " At least four people were plucked alive Wednesday from the wreckage, two days after the mud slides began, but more than 250 are missing, said Kevin Nabutuwa of the Uganda Red Cross...."


      Comment


      • #4
        Re: Smallpox In 4 People Reported in Uganda - Not Confirmed

        Bududa

        Click image for larger version

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        • #5
          Re: Smallpox In 4 People Reported in Uganda - Not Confirmed

          Chicken Pox strikes Pader

          Posted Tuesday, February 16 2010 at 00:00

          Pader
          An outbreak of chicken pox has occurred in parts of Pader District, leaving hundreds of people, mainly children, infected.

          Authorities in the area identified the worst affected sub-counties as Latanya, Acholi Bur, Wol and Kalongo Town Council in Aruu and Agago counties.

          A local council leader, Mr Quinto Odora last week said the disease has forced many children to stay out of school.

          Mr Odora added that the situation has been worsened by long distance to the nearest health facility in Latanya.

          Chicken pox is spread through direct contact or by air from an infected person?s coughing or sneezing.

          The disease usually starts with vesicular skin rash mainly on the body and head and becomes itchy raw pockmarks which mostly heal without scarring.

          The officer in charge of Latanya Health Centre, Mr Richard Lamero, said efforts to contain the disease are being hindered by shortage of drugs.






          <small>District location in Uganda</small> Coordinates: 02?50′N 33?05′E

          Comment


          • #6
            Re: Smallpox In 4 People Reported in Uganda - Not Confirmed

            Thanks Sally, those areas are fairly far apart.

            The author of the article is a David Astor Journalism Award Trust Fellow. I hope she knows the difference between chicken pox and small pox.

            "...The 2008 and 2009 award winners were: Murithi Mutiga at The Sunday Nation and Jillo
            Kadida at The Daily Nation in Kenya; Valentine Marc Nkwame at The Daily News and Erick
            Kabendera at The Guardian in Tanzania; and Tabu Butagira at The Daily Monitor and
            Barbara Among at The New Vision in Uganda."

            Comment


            • #7
              Re: Smallpox In 4 People Reported in Uganda - Not Confirmed

              Originally posted by Shiloh View Post
              Four children in Internally Displaced People?s camps in Bududa District, reportedly suffering from small pox, have been taken to Bukigai and Bulucheke Health Centres III and II, respectively.
              It says children. Chicken pox is usually a childhood illness

              Comment


              • #8
                Re: Smallpox In 4 People Reported in Uganda - Not Confirmed

                UNDIAGNOSED ILLNESS, POX VIRUS SUSPECTED - UGANDA (BUDUDA): REQUEST
                FOR INFORMATION

                ************************************************** *********************


                Date: Thurs 25 Mar 2010
                From: Daily Monitor (Uganda) online [edited]



                Small pox reported in Bududa camps
                --------------------------------
                Four children in Internally Displaced People's camps in Bududa
                District, reportedly suffering from small pox, have been taken to
                Bukigai and Bulucheke Health Centres III and II, respectively.


                - snip -
                --
                Communicated by:
                Sharon Sanders for Flutrackers.com
                ftcom@embarqmail.com


                [Natural infection with smallpox (Variola major) having been
                eliminated, our past experience with these types of reports usually
                reveals an outbreak of chickenpox, molluscum, or rarely true pox
                virus infections such as monkeypox
                . Of course, the possibility of
                intentional or accidental release of variola is always of extreme
                concern. More information is urgently requested from those with
                firsthand knowledge of the situation.

                A map of the Bududa district, near the Kenyan border, can be found at:
                http://www.geonames.org/7056280/bududa-district.html - Mod.LM]

                ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
                Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

                ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

                Comment


                • #9
                  Re: Smallpox In 4 People Reported in Uganda - Not Confirmed

                  WHO says investigating smallpox reports in Uganda


                  25 Mar 2010 08:30:35 GMT
                  <!-- 25 Mar 2010 08:30:35 GMT ## for search indexer, do not remove --> Source: Reuters



                  <!-- AN5.0 article title end --> <script language="JavaScript" src="http://www.alertnet.org/bin/js/article.js"></script> <input value="13" name="CurrentSize" id="CurrentSize" type="hidden"> <!-- WHO says investigating smallpox reports in Uganda --> <!-- Reuters --> LONDON, March 25 (Reuters) - The World Health Organisation said on Thursday it was investigating reports of cases of the previously eradicated disease smallpox in eastern Uganda.

                  snip

                  "WHO is aware of the reports coming out of Uganda and is taking all the necessary measures to investigate and verify." (Reporting by Kate Kelland, editing by Michael Roddy)


                  Thomson Reuters empowers professionals with cutting-edge technology solutions informed by industry-leading content and expertise.

                  Comment


                  • #10
                    Re: Smallpox In 4 People Reported in Uganda - Not Confirmed - WHO Investigating

                    The release of a news of this kind - unsubstantiated by hard facts - may be prosecuted as criminal. All persons involved in tracking this incident must be aware of this.

                    Comment


                    • #11
                      Re: Smallpox In 4 People Reported in Uganda - Not Confirmed - WHO Investigating

                      2008
                      Ugandan Monkeys Harbor Evidence Of Infection With Unknown Poxvirus [ScienceDaily 2008-04-22



                      "“Considering that we found evidence for a new poxvirus pretty much in the first place that we chose to look is suggestive that the actual diversity of poxviruses in nature, especially in relatively unstudied areas like sub-Saharan Africa, may be much greater than we originally thought,” Goldberg said.
                      ...
                      An initial screening for antibodies to the vaccinia virus yielded positive results in about one-quarter of the monkey<!--monkey-->s tested. This was not clear evidence of infection with vaccinia, however.


                      “We found that as we screened these monkey<!--monkey-->s initially for a broad range of poxviruses, many of them came up positive,” Goldberg said.


                      The researchers were surprised to find that the
                      monkey<!--monkey-->s harbored antibodies to some, but not all, of the proteins associated with the known poxviruses, Goldberg said. Whatever had infected the monkey<!--monkey-->s “looked a little bit like monkey<!--monkey-->pox virus, a little bit like vaccinia virus, a little bit like cowpox virus, but not exactly like any of them,” he said."

                      ___

                      If I'm not wrong, at the time of the last recent gu.w. related spox vacc. preparations, it seems they must use a ~(1000 ?) times greather dose to try infect the poor lab monkeys in the exp. (that news was free public released on the web).

                      Comment


                      • #12
                        Re: Smallpox In 4 People Reported in Uganda - Not Confirmed - WHO Investigating

                        UPDATED

                        WHO says investigating smallpox reports in Uganda

                        Thu Mar 25, 2010 8:52am GMT

                        LONDON (Reuters) - The World Health Organisation said on Thursday it was investigating reports of suspected cases of the previously eradicated disease smallpox in eastern Uganda.

                        Smallpox is an acute contagious disease and was one of the world's most feared sicknesses until it was officially declared eradicated worldwide in 1979.

                        "WHO takes any report of smallpox seriously," Gregory Hartl, a spokesman for the Geneva-based United Nations health agency, told Reuters via email.

                        "WHO is aware of the reports coming out of Uganda and is taking all the necessary measures to investigate and verify."

                        He added that the WHO had received reports before of smallpox cases, but they had turned out to be false alarms.

                        "In the past, these cases have always turned out not to be smallpox and were, usually, either chickenpox or monkeypox cases," he said, stressing that these reports were of suspected cases of the disease.

                        Smallpox was eradicated by a collaborative global vaccination programme led by the World Health Organisation. The last known natural case was in Somalia in 1977.

                        Since then, the only known cases were caused by a laboratory accident in 1978 in Birmingham, England, which killed one person and caused a limited outbreak.


                        Comment


                        • #13
                          Re: Smallpox In 4 People Reported in Uganda - Not Confirmed - WHO Investigating

                          Chickenpox was commonly confused with smallpox in the immediate post-eradication era. Chickenpox and smallpox can be distinguished by several methods. Unlike smallpox, chickenpox does not usually affect the palms and soles. Additionally, chickenpox pustules are of varying size due to variations in the timing of pustule eruption: smallpox pustules are all very nearly the same size since the viral effect progresses more uniformly. A variety of laboratory methods are available for detecting chickenpox in evaluation of suspected smallpox cases.




                          Comment


                          • #14
                            Re: Smallpox In 4 People Reported in Uganda - Not Confirmed - WHO Investigating

                            More on the research Tropical found, some snips:




                            Researchers report this month that red colobus monkeys in a park in western Uganda have been exposed to an unknown orthopoxvirus, a pathogen related to the viruses that cause smallpox, monkeypox and cowpox. Most of the monkeys screened harbor antibodies to a virus that is similar – but not identical – to known orthopoxviruses.

                            ...

                            Little is known about the global distribution of orthopoxviruses, Goldberg said, but their potential to cross from other animals into humans warrants more attention. (Some believe that smallpox, which killed 300 to 500 million people in the 20th century before it was eradicated in 1980, originated in African rodents thousands of years ago.)

                            ...
                            Under the right circumstances, orthopoxviruses can jump from a host species into a new species. This is worrisome in a region known to harbor a diversity of wildlife and where interactions between people and wildlife are on the rise, Goldberg said.

                            "Western Uganda has one of the fastest growing populations in sub-Saharan Africa," he said. "People need land, and so do wildlife, and as competition for land becomes fiercer, contact between people and wildlife becomes more common."

                            The relatively high prevalence of HIV and AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa also makes human populations more susceptible to pathogens that might otherwise only afflict wildlife.
                            ?Addressing chronic disease is an issue of human rights ? that must be our call to arms"
                            Richard Horton, Editor-in-Chief The Lancet

                            ~~~~ Twitter:@GertvanderHoek ~~~ GertvanderHoek@gmail.com ~~~

                            Comment


                            • #15
                              Re: WHO Says Likely Chicken Pox in Uganda - not Small Pox

                              <nyt_headline version="1.0" type=" ">WHO - Reported Ugandan Smallpox Is Likely Chickenpox</nyt_headline>

                              <nyt_byline> By REUTERS

                              </nyt_byline> Published: March 25, 2010
                              Filed at 7:45 a.m. ET



                              "It appears that the supposed cases of smallpox are actually cases of chickenpox, and that they have occurred over the past three weeks -- this is not an acute event," WHO spokesman Gregory Hartl said in a statement.

                              more...

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