Announcement

**sharon sanders** · September 18, 2023, 06:50 AM

An increase of 1,098 cases in three months! What does it mean that monkeypox and COVID-19 are both listed as Category B infectious diseases?

CC Intelligence Bureau CC Intelligence Bureau 2023-09-15 06:53

Text/ Chang Rongshan Special Expert of "CC Intelligence Bureau" ifeng.comCore summary:[On September 15, the National Health Commission classified monkeypox into a Category B infectious disease for management, which is on the same level as new coronavirus infection, AIDS, tuberculosis, and dengue fever. In the 63 years from 1958 to 2021, monkeypox has never touched China. Therefore, monkeypox is not a notifiable infectious disease under China’s Infectious Disease Law. According to WHO data, China and Portugal have reported the largest relative increases in monkeypox cases in the near future, at 140% and 201% respectively; the three new deaths came from the United States.2. Monkeypox entered China less than a year ago. It has not caused any deaths so far, and the total number of infected people does not exceed 1,500. However, it has been classified as a Class B infectious disease, indicating that the prevention and control of monkeypox cannot be ignored. Compared with the previous two months, the cases announced in September were female infected for the first time. It can also be transmitted through heterosexual sexual contact, making prevention and control more difficult. According to the Infectious Diseases Law, once a Category B infected person is discovered, it needs to be reported step by step.[ 3. According to reliable information, domestic companies are already developing monkeypox mRNA vaccines. Chang Rongshan believes that the research and development of monkeypox vaccine is relatively easy, and too much homogeneous research and development is also a waste. Importing mature products is also a good way. ]Monkeypox and COVID-19 are both included in the management of Category B infectious diseases . Does this mean that the monkeypox epidemic has worsened? On September 15, the National Health Commission issued Announcement No. 7 of 2023: Monkeypox will be included in the management of Class B infectious diseases from September 20, 2023, and prevention and control measures for Class B infectious diseases will be adopted.

In the 63 years from 1958 to 2021, monkeypox has never touched China. Therefore, monkeypox is not a statutory infectious disease under China’s infectious disease law.
On September 16, 2022, Chongqing reported the first imported case of monkeypox in mainland China. Ten days before that, on September 6, the first imported case of monkeypox appeared in Hong Kong. Since then, the country has been invaded by monkeypox. According to data released by China CDC, 106 new cases were reported in June this year, 491 confirmed cases of monkeypox in July, and 501 cases in August, for a total of 1,098 cases. Including a case confirmed in Chongqing last year, there are at least 1,099 cases in the country. Today, one year later, the National Health Commission officially announced that monkeypox has been classified as a Class B infectious disease. According to the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, infectious diseases in China are divided into Category A, Category B and Category C. Category A infectious diseases refer to plague and cholera.Class B infectious diseases include SARS, AIDS, viral hepatitis, etc. Category C infectious diseases include influenza, mumps, rubella, etc.[
In the previous CDC classification of infectious diseases, monkeypox was not on the A, B or C list, but was listed in another column.
After monkeypox is included in the management of Class B infectious diseases, it will be on the same level as new coronavirus infection, AIDS, tuberculosis, and dengue fever. Information from the National Health Commission shows that when medical institutions find patients with Category B or C infectious diseases, they should take necessary treatment and transmission control measures according to their condition.
On July 23, 2022, the WHO declared the human infection with monkeypox (human monkeypox, HMPX) as a public health emergency of global concern (Public Health Emergency of International Concern). This is the highest level of public health alert that the WHO can currently issue.
In May 2020, the WHO listed the new coronavirus as a "public health emergency of international concern". This highest alert was not lifted until May this year. In August last year, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services declared the monkeypox outbreak a public health emergency in the country, saying the move would improve the nation's response to the infectious disease. The United States has the largest number of MPO cases in the world, with 30,767 monkeypox cases confirmed so far. 50 people died. According to the latest data released by WHO, from January 1, 2022 to August 9, 2023, a total of 89,308 laboratory-confirmed cases of monkey disease were reported in 113 countries and regions in all six WHO regions. pox cases, including 152 deaths. Since the last epidemic report was released on July 14, there have been 1,020 new confirmed cases and 3 deaths. Among all new cases, China and Portugal reported the largest relative increases in the number of cases, 140% and 201% respectively; the three new deaths were all from the United States. Does China's announcement that monkeypox will be classified as a Class B infectious disease for management mean that the monkeypox epidemic has worsened? How to manage monkeypox Class B infectious disease? Do we need to panic?

How to manage the prevention and control of monkeypox, which is newly listed as a Category B infectious disease? Is mandatory monitoring necessary? It is understood that influenza, leprosy, epidemic and endemic typhus are only Category C infectious diseases, and monkeypox, which entered China less than a year ago, did not cause a single death and the total number of infected people did not exceed 1,500. , however, it was quickly classified as a Class B infectious disease, the same as COVID-19, hepatitis B, and AIDS. ]This shows that the epidemic of monkeypox in China has reached a point that cannot be ignored. According to Article 33 of the Infectious Diseases Law, “When receiving a report on the epidemic situation of Class A or B infectious diseases or discovering an outbreak or epidemic of an infectious disease, the local health administrative department shall immediately report it to the local people’s government, and at the same time "Report to the higher-level health administration department and the health administration department of the State Council", which is a higher level than the current monkeypox prevention and control. Once an infected person is found, it must be reported step by step.

According to Article 43, if there is an outbreak of monkeypox, "part or all of the administrative region may be declared an epidemic area; the State Council may decide and declare an epidemic area across provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government."

Once monkeypox is found to be prevalent in the future, the area may be declared a "monkeypox epidemic area", which will put a certain amount of pressure on local disease prevention and control departments.

On July 26 this year, the State Administration for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Health Commission formulated the "Monkey Pox Prevention and Control Plan." The "Plan" stipulates that suspected and confirmed cases of monkeypox should be isolated and treated in a timely manner. Those with mild illness and the conditions for home isolation and treatment can be isolated at home. Close contacts will be subject to 21-day health monitoring, regular follow-up visits, and timely medical treatment if major symptoms such as fever (>37.3°C), rash, superficial lymphadenopathy, etc. occur. ]On August 20, the General Administration of Customs of China issued an announcement stipulating that relevant personnel from countries or regions where monkeypox epidemics occur should proactively declare to the customs when entering China. The General Administration of Customs stated that the monkeypox epidemic in Europe, America and the Western Pacific has been on the rise recently. In order to prevent the introduction of the epidemic and protect the health and safety of entry-exit personnel, it is stipulated that people coming from countries or regions where monkeypox epidemics occur, if they have been in contact Monkeypox cases may show symptoms such as fever, headache, fatigue, back pain, myalgia, and widespread rash on the face and body. When entering the country, they should proactively declare to the customs and accept sampling and testing in accordance with the prescribed procedures. The authorities will also follow prescribed procedures to carry out sanitation treatment on aircraft, ships and cargo that come from countries or regions where monkeypox epidemics occur and are contaminated or may be contaminated. Domestic control of the monkeypox epidemic has been upgraded in recent months. But at present, it seems that the monkeypox epidemic has not implemented Category A management, and does not require mandatory monitoring. There were 1,098 new cases in the country in three months ! 99% of the cases are men who have sex with men. This is the first female case. Five cases of women were infected through heterosexual contact with monkeypox-infected people![/COLOR] [COLOR=rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9)]A total of 1,098 cases of monkeypox have been diagnosed for three consecutive months, indicating that the domestic monkeypox epidemic has worsened. At present, monkeypox cases have been reported in more than 20 provinces across the country, leading to new local outbreaks and hidden transmission.= According to the CDC announcement on September 7, there were 501 confirmed cases of monkeypox in China in August. Among them , 95 cases were in Guangdong, 77 cases in Zhejiang, 54 cases in Beijing, 54 cases in Sichuan, 32 cases in Shanghai, 29 cases in Jiangsu, and 21 cases in Guangxi , which were relatively serious. More than 10 cases have been reported in more than ten other provinces.
According to epidemiological investigation and analysis, the epidemic has the following characteristics:
First, 98.9% of the cases are male, and 92.5% of the cases are clearly men who have sex with men.
Second, 5 of the cases were female , and they all had a history of heterosexual sexual contact within 21 days before the onset of the disease. It is highly possible to be infected through heterosexual sexual contact. Among the heterosexual partners, 3 were infected with monkeypox, 1 had a recent history of rash, and 1 had a history of rash. No symptoms related to monkeypox.
Third, the risk of transmission through other contact methods is low. Only one person in close contact other than sexual contact became infected.
Fourth, 93.2% of the cases were discovered through proactive medical consultation , 5.3% were discovered through close contact tracing and screening, and the rest were discovered through proactive reporting and physical examination.
Fifth, the vast majority of cases have typical clinical manifestations , mainly symptoms such as fever, herpes, and swollen lymph nodes. There are no severe cases or deaths.

Compared with the previous two months, a female infected person was discovered for the first time. It can also be transmitted through heterosexual sexual contact, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty of prevention and control. After all, the vast majority of sex workers do not understand this yet, and it is expected that the proportion of infected people due to "unprotected sex" will gradually increase in the future. According to reliable information, domestic companies are already developing monkeypox mRNA vaccines. I believe that this "upgraded management" of monkeypox will not only increase the level of prevention and control, but also usher in a wave of "vaccine" research and development. Compared with the new coronavirus vaccine, monkeypox is a DNA virus, and Europe has successfully developed an effective vaccine. The development of monkeypox vaccine is less difficult; too much homogeneous research and development is also a waste. In the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, there are still many diseases that lack effective vaccines, so importing mature products is also a good way.

source: zhttps://www.huxiu.com/article/2059883.html

Announcement

China - NHC: Mpox to be included in the management of Class B infectious diseases from September 20, 2023 - September 15, 2023

China - NHC: Mpox to be included in the management of Class B infectious diseases from September 20, 2023 - September 15, 2023

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