FluWatch report: August 25 to September 7, 2013 (Weeks 35 & 36)
Posted 2013-09-13For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
<A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/13-14/w36_13/pdf/fw2013-36-eng.pdf">FluWatch report: August 25 to September 7, 2013 (Weeks 35 & 36) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 8 pages)
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Overall Summary
Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks
The number of regions reporting influenza activity was at inter-seasonal levels in weeks 35 and 36. During this period, six regions reported sporadic activity (Figure 1). Localized activity has not been reported since week 26 of the 2012-13 season (Figure 2). No new influenza outbreaks were reported in weeks 35 or 36 (Figure 3).
Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
Canada, Week 36
Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2013-2014 (N<SUP>*</SUP>=58)
?sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
* Total number of influenza surveillance regions in Canada
Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2013-2014
Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012
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Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections
The overall percentage of positive influenza tests was low and stable, at 0.6% in week 35 and 0.3% in week 36. Among the ten influenza viruses detected in weeks 35 and 36, eight were influenza A (Table 1). Detailed information on age and type/subtype was complete for eight cases. Five of the eight cases were adults 45-64 years of age with A(H1N1)pdm09 (Table 2).
The percentage of positive tests for rhinovirus increased during this 2-week period from 17.7% in week 34 to 23.1% in week 36; although the number of positive tests was similar to previous weeks. The percentages of positive tests for other respiratory viruses were low in week 36: parainfluenza (3.1%), human metapneumovirus (hMPV) (0.1%), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (0.8%), coronavirus (0%) and adenovirus (1.7%) (Figure 5)<SUP>*</SUP>.
* For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
<TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2013-2014
</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
(August 25 to September 7, 2013)
</TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
(August 25, 2013 to September 7, 2013)
</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>Influenza
B
</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>Influenza
B
</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers=ac2>A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers=ac2>A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers=ac2>A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers=ac2>Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers=ac2>A
( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)Table 1 note*
</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers=ac10>A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers=ac10>A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers=ac10>A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers=ac10>Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers=ac10>A
(Un S) Table 1 note*
</TH><TH headers=ac16>Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=13>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no result for subtyping was available. Specimens from NT, YT, and NU are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces. Note: Weekly data is based on week of positive lab detection. Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals. </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">1 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">4 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">4 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">4 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">4 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">3 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">3 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">1 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">8 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">2 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">2 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">8 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">2 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">2 </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2013-2014 Table 2 note*
</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
(August 25 to September 7, 2013)
</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
(August 25, 2013 to September 7, 2013)
</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers=bc2>A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers=bc2>Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers=bc2>A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers=bc2>A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers=bc9>A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers=bc9>Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers=bc9>A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers=bc9>A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers=bc14>Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=11>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported. These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1><5</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">2 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">2 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">1 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">7 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">7 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">1 </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive,
by report week, Canada, 2013-2014
Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
by reporting week, Canada, 2013-2014
Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012
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Influenza Strain Characterizations
The National Microbiology Laboratory (NML) has not yet conducted antigenic characterization of influenza viruses in the 2013-14 season.
Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2013-2014, N =0
Note: The WHO recommended components for the 2013-2014 northern hemisphere trivalent influenza vaccine include: an A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus, an A(H3N2) virus antigenically like the cell-propagated prototype virus A/Victoria/361/2011b, and a B/Massachusetts/2/2012-like virus.
Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012
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Antiviral Resistance
The NML has not yet conducted antiviral resistance testing of influenza viruses in the 2013-14 season (Table 3).
<TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2013-2014</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=7><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc2">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc9">0</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc2">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc9">0</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc2">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc8">NA <SUP>*</SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc9">NA <SUP>*</SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc2">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc9">0</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate
The national influenza-like-illness (ILI) consultation rate was similar over the past seven weeks; and was 11.1/1,000 in week 35 and 13.9/1,000 in week 36 (Figure 7). The highest consultation rate was observed in adults ≥65 years of age (23.4/1,000 visits) in week 35 and in children 5-19 years of age in week 36 (38.7/1,000 visits).
Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, by report week, Canada, 2013-2014 compared to 1996/97 through to 2011/12 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
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Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance
Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (IMPACT)
No laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (≤16 years of age) hospitalizations have been reported in any of the 12 hospitals participating in the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) network in weeks 35 or 36.
Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations in Canada. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
Adult Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (PCIRN)
Active surveillance of laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated adult (≥16 years of age) hospitalizations reported by the PHAC/CIHR Influenza Research Network (PCIRN) Serious Outcomes Surveillance (SOS) network concluded for the 2012-13 influenza season on April 30th, 2013. The PCIRN-SOS network continues to report limited data on laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza identified through passive surveillance at 15 out of 17 hospital sites, and active surveillance will start again on November 15th, 2013. No new hospitalizations, ICU admissions or deaths were reported in weeks 35 and 36.
Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through PCIRN represents a subset of all influenza-associated adult hospitalizations in Canada. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
Provincial/Territorial Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System<SUP>*</SUP>)
In the first two weeks of the 2013-14 season, two laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported from five of the nine participating provinces and territories*. Both cases were adults 45-64 years of age with A(H1N1)pdm09, of which one was admitted to the ICU.
* Note: The number of new influenza-associated hospitalizations and deaths reported by the Aggregate Surveillance System each week may be overestimated, as it may include retrospective updates to data from Ontario for previous weeks. These data may also include cases reported by the IMPACT and PCIRN networks. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces and Territory: BC, NU, QC, NS, and NB. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by Saskatchewan. ICU admissions are not reported in Ontario.
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International Influenza Update
Northern Hemisphere
Influenza activity in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere was at inter-seasonal levels in weeks 34 to 35. However, the US CDC reported an increase in influenza A detections in weeks 35 and 36.
World Health Organization influenza update
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention seasonal influenza report
EuroFlu weekly electronic bulletin
Tropical Regions
Asia & Africa: Influenza activity remained low in most countries in tropical Asia. Hong Kong, China Special Administrative Region, reported a switch from A(H1N1)pdm09 circulation to predominantly A(H3N2). Countries in Southeast Asia reported decreasing circulation of influenza A. Most countries in central Africa reported low or decreasing influenza activity, although C?te d'Ivoire and Ghana reported continued influenza circulation.
Carribean, Central America & tropical South America: Influenza activity in Caribbean and Central America continued to decrease, with influenza A(H3N2) and A(H1N1)pdm09 co-circulating in varying proportions in different countries. In tropical South America, influenza activity decreased in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela. Peru reported a sharp increase in A(H1N1)pdm09 circulation in weeks 29-32, but detections have been decreasing in weeks 33 and 34. In Bolivia, the proportion of SARI hospitalizations showed an increasing trend, primarily associated with A(H1N1)pdm09.
World Health Organization influenza update
PAHO Influenza Situation Report
Southern Hemisphere
Influenza activity continued to decline in countries in South America as well as in South Africa. Activity in Oceania has been increasing in recent weeks and may be reaching its plateau.
South America - Southern Cone: Influenza and RSV circulation declined in several countries in temperate South America, although RSV continued to be the predominant respiratory virus in the region. Influenza detections peaked at the end of June, with a predominance of A(H1N1)pdm09 in all countries except Paraguay, where A(H3N2) was predominant. In Argentina, laboratory detections seem to have peaked in week 27, and the number of ILI reports declined and was within the expected range in week 34. In Chile, the ILI activity rate in week 34 was similar to previous weeks; RSV and influenza detections declined from weeks 29-33 but rose slightly in week 34. In Paraguay, ILI activity increased in week 34 although influenza A(H3N2) and RSV detections have been declining in weeks 28-34. In Brazil, influenza detections have been declining since a peak in week 24, with A(H1N1)pdm09 and influenza B co-circulating.
South Africa: Circulation of A(H1N1)pdm09 was reported from April to July 2013, with a peak in laboratory detections in week 23. Influenza circulation in weeks 31-34 has shifted to a predominance of A(H3N2) and influenza B, observed among both ILI and SARI cases.
South Africa Influenza surveillance report
Australia & New Zealand: Compared to recent years, the start of the 2013 influenza season has been delayed in Australia and New Zealand. In New Zealand, consultation rates for ILI remained below the baseline level, and below the level of the previous two seasons. Laboratory detections of influenza increased in week 35 but declined in week 36. Among the 1183 influenza viruses identified between weeks 1 and 36, 47.2% were influenza B. Among the 405 subtyped influenza A viruses, 75.6% were A(H3N2). In Australia, the increase in influenza activity has slowed and activity remains lower than the previous 2 seasons. The ILI consultation rate increased in recent weeks, but declined in week 35; 25% of sentinel ILI specimens were positive for influenza between August 26 and September 1. The number of laboratory-confirmed influenza notifications continued to increase since early June. Among the 14,068 influenza viruses identified between 1 January and 30 August 2013, 65% were influenza A. Although the majority of influenza A have not been subtyped, to date approximately 15% have been A(H1N1)pdm09 in 2013 compared to <1% during the 2012 season. Most influenza B viruses characterized were from the Yamagata lineage.
New Zealand Public Health Surveillance
Australia Influenza Report
World Health Organization influenza update
PAHO Influenza Situation Report
WHO FluNet
Emerging Respiratory Pathogens
Human Avian Influenza
Influenza A(H7N9): No new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) have been reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) since 11 August 2013.
PHAC ? Avian influenza (H7N9)
WHO ? Avian influenza A(H7N9)
Human Swine Influenza
Influenza A(H3N2)v: One new case of human infection with variant influenza A(H3N2)v was reported from Michigan, USA, in week 35. No cases were reported in week 36. To date in 2013, a total of 18 A(H3N2)v cases have been reported, and one person has been hospitalized.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza A(H3N2) Variant Virus
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
Since 30 August 2013, WHO has reported ten additional cases of MERS-CoV infection: eight cases, including three deaths, in Saudi Arabia; one case in Qatar who subsequently died; and one case in Tunisia (reported on 22 May 2013 as a deceased probable case, now confirmed). Four of the cases in Saudi Arabia are family contacts of at least one confirmed case. Two are asymptomatic paediatric cases. The remaining two are adults with underlying medical conditions, and one has died. Two healthcare workers with severe pneumonia were reported from the same health care facility. One had no known exposure to animals, or to a confirmed MERS-CoV case, and has died. The second health care worker was reported to be in critical condition. As of 12 September, 2013, 114 laboratory-confirmed cases of human infection with MERS-CoV have been reported, including 54 deaths. Most patients are male (61%; 67 of 110 cases) and range in age from 14 months to 94 years (median 50 years, n=107).
PHAC ? Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
WHO ? Coronavirus infections
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Posted 2013-09-13For readers interested in the <ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> version, the document is available for downloading or viewing:
<A title="Flu Watch (Version PDF, 113 KB - 6 pages)" href="http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/fluwatch/13-14/w36_13/pdf/fw2013-36-eng.pdf">FluWatch report: August 25 to September 7, 2013 (Weeks 35 & 36) (<ABBR title="Portable Document Format">PDF</ABBR> Version - 113 <ABBR title=Kilobytes>KB</ABBR> - 8 pages)
?? Help with PDF documents
Overall Summary
- Influenza activity in Canada remained at inter-seasonal levels during this 2-week period.
- The number of laboratory tests positive for all respiratory viruses was similar to previous weeks.
- The ILI consultation rate was stable in recent weeks.
Influenza Activity (geographic spread) and Outbreaks
The number of regions reporting influenza activity was at inter-seasonal levels in weeks 35 and 36. During this period, six regions reported sporadic activity (Figure 1). Localized activity has not been reported since week 26 of the 2012-13 season (Figure 2). No new influenza outbreaks were reported in weeks 35 or 36 (Figure 3).
Figure 1. Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory,
Canada, Week 36
Note: Influenza activity levels, as represented on this map, are assigned and reported by Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health, based on laboratory confirmations, sentinel ILI rates (see graphs and tables) and reported outbreaks. Please refer to detailed definitions on the last page. For areas where no data is reported, late reports from these provinces and territories will appear on the FluWatch website.
Text equivalent for figure 1Map of overall Influenza activity level by province and territory, Canada
Figure 2. Number of influenza surveillance regions<SUP title="sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in">?</SUP> reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2013-2014 (N<SUP>*</SUP>=58)
?sub-regions within the province or territory as defined by the provincial/territorial epidemiologist. Graph may change as late returns come in.
* Total number of influenza surveillance regions in Canada
Text equivalent for figure 2Number of influenza surveillance regions reporting widespread or localized influenza activity, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 (N=56)
Figure 3. Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2013-2014
Text equivalent for figure 3Overall Number of Influenza Outbreaks, Canada, by Report Week, 2011-2012
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Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Detections
The overall percentage of positive influenza tests was low and stable, at 0.6% in week 35 and 0.3% in week 36. Among the ten influenza viruses detected in weeks 35 and 36, eight were influenza A (Table 1). Detailed information on age and type/subtype was complete for eight cases. Five of the eight cases were adults 45-64 years of age with A(H1N1)pdm09 (Table 2).
The percentage of positive tests for rhinovirus increased during this 2-week period from 17.7% in week 34 to 23.1% in week 36; although the number of positive tests was similar to previous weeks. The percentages of positive tests for other respiratory viruses were low in week 36: parainfluenza (3.1%), human metapneumovirus (hMPV) (0.1%), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (0.8%), coronavirus (0%) and adenovirus (1.7%) (Figure 5)<SUP>*</SUP>.
* For more details, see the weekly Respiratory Virus Detections in Canada Report.
<TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION class=alignCenter>Table 1: Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens
by Provincial Laboratories, Canada, 2013-2014
</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ar1 rowSpan=3>Reporting provinces</TH><TH id=ac1 colSpan=6>Weekly
(August 25 to September 7, 2013)
</TH><TH id=ac9 colSpan=6>Cumulative
(August 25, 2013 to September 7, 2013)
</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac2 colSpan=5 headers=ac1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac8 headers=ac1>Influenza
B
</TH><TH id=ac10 colSpan=5 headers=ac9>Influenza A</TH><TH id=ac16 headers=ac9>Influenza
B
</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=ac3 headers=ac2>A Total</TH><TH id=ac4 headers=ac2>A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac5 headers=ac2>A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac6 headers=ac2>Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac7 class=noWrap headers=ac2>A
( <ABBR title=unsubtyped>Un S</ABBR>)Table 1 note*
</TH><TH headers="ac1 ac8">Total</TH><TH id=ac11 headers=ac10>A Total</TH><TH id=ac12 headers=ac10>A(H1)</TH><TH id=ac13 headers=ac10>A(H3)</TH><TH id=ac14 headers=ac10>Pand H1N1</TH><TH id=ac15 class=noWrap headers=ac10>A
(Un S) Table 1 note*
</TH><TH headers=ac16>Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=13>* Unsubtyped: The specimen was typed as influenza A, but no result for subtyping was available. Specimens from NT, YT, and NU are sent to reference laboratories in other provinces. Note: Weekly data is based on week of positive lab detection. Cumulative data includes updates to previous weeks; due to reporting delays, the sum of weekly report totals do not add up to cumulative totals. </TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=ar2 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="British Columbia ">BC</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac1 ac8">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar2 ac9 ac16">1 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar3 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Alberta>AB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac3">4 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac6">4 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac11">4 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac14">4 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar3 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar4 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Saskatchewan>SK</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac3">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac2 ac7">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac11">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac10 ac15">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar4 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar5 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Manitoba>MB</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar5 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar6 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Ontario>ON</ABBR></TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac3">3 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac5">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac6">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac2 ac7">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac1 ac8">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac11">3 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac13">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac14">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac10 ac15">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar6 ac9 ac16">1 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar7 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title=Quebec>QC</ABBR>
</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar7 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar8 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="New Brunswick">NB</ABBR>
</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar8 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar9 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Nova Scotia ">NS</ABBR>
</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar9 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar10 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Prince Edward Island ">PE</ABBR>
</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar10 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar11 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1><ABBR title="Newfoundland/Labrador ">NL</ABBR>
</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac2 ac7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac1 ac8">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac14">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac10 ac15">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar11 ac9 ac16">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=ar12 class=bg-colour-yellow headers=ar1>Canada</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac3">8 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac5">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac6">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac2 ac7">2 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac1 ac8">2 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac11">8 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac13">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac14">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac10 ac15">2 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="ar1 ar12 ac9 ac16">2 </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 2. Weekly & Cumulative numbers of positive influenza specimens by age groups
reported through case-based laboratory reporting, Canada, 2013-2014 Table 2 note*
</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=br1 rowSpan=3>Age groups</TH><TH id=bc1 colSpan=5>Weekly
(August 25 to September 7, 2013)
</TH><TH id=bc8 colSpan=5>Cumulative
(August 25, 2013 to September 7, 2013)
</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc2 colSpan=4 headers=bc1>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc7 headers=bc1>B</TH><TH id=bc9 colSpan=4 headers=bc8>Influenza A</TH><TH id=bc14 headers=bc8>B</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=bc3 headers=bc2>A Total</TH><TH id=bc4 headers=bc2>Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc5 headers=bc2>A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc6 headers=bc2>A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers="bc1 bc7">Total</TH><TH id=bc10 headers=bc9>A Total</TH><TH id=bc11 headers=bc9>Pandemic H1N1</TH><TH id=bc12 headers=bc9>A/H3N2</TH><TH id=bc13 headers=bc9>A unsubtyped</TH><TH headers=bc14>Total</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=11>* Please note that this table reflects the number of specimens for which demographic information was reported. These represent a subset of all positive influenza cases reported. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=br2 headers=br1><5</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc3">2 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc5">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc2 bc6">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc1 bc7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc10">2 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc12">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc9 bc13">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br2 bc8 bc14">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br3 headers=br1>5-19</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc1 bc7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc10">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc9 bc13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br3 bc8 bc14">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br4 headers=br1>20-44</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc1 bc7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc10">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc9 bc13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br4 bc8 bc14">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br5 headers=br1>45-64</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc3">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc4">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc1 bc7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc10">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc11">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc9 bc13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br5 bc8 bc14">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br6 headers=br1>65+</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc1 bc7">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc10">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc9 bc13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br6 bc8 bc14">1 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br7 headers=br1>Unknown</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc3">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc4">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc5">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc2 bc6">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc1 bc7">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc10">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc11">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc12">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc9 bc13">0 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br7 bc8 bc14">0 </TD></TR><TR><TH id=br8 headers=br1>Total</TH><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc3">7 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc4">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc5">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc2 bc6">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc1 bc7">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc10">7 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc11">5 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc12">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc9 bc13">1 </TD><TD class=alignCenter headers="br1 br8 bc8 bc14">1 </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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Figure 4. Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive,
by report week, Canada, 2013-2014
Text equivalent for figure 4Influenza tests reported and percentage of tests positive, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012
Figure 5. Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses,
by reporting week, Canada, 2013-2014
Text equivalent for figure 5Percent positive influenza tests, compared to other respiratory viruses, Canada, by reporting week, 2011-2012
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Influenza Strain Characterizations
The National Microbiology Laboratory (NML) has not yet conducted antigenic characterization of influenza viruses in the 2013-14 season.
Figure 6. Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2013-2014, N =0
Note: The WHO recommended components for the 2013-2014 northern hemisphere trivalent influenza vaccine include: an A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdm09-like virus, an A(H3N2) virus antigenically like the cell-propagated prototype virus A/Victoria/361/2011b, and a B/Massachusetts/2/2012-like virus.
Text equivalent for figure 6Influenza strain characterizations, Canada, 2011-2012
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Antiviral Resistance
The NML has not yet conducted antiviral resistance testing of influenza viruses in the 2013-14 season (Table 3).
<TABLE class=widthFull border=1 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2><CAPTION>Table 3. Antiviral resistance by influenza virus type and subtype, Canada, 2013-2014</CAPTION><THEAD><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cr1 rowSpan=2>Virus type and subtype</TH><TH id=cc1 colSpan=2>Oseltamivir</TH><TH id=cc4 colSpan=2>Zanamivir</TH><TH id=cc7 colSpan=2>Amantadine</TH></TR><TR class=bg-colour-yellow><TH id=cc2 headers=cc1># tested</TH><TH id=cc3 headers=cc1># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc5 headers=cc4># tested</TH><TH id=cc6 headers=cc4># resistant (%)</TH><TH id=cc8 headers=cc7># tested</TH><TH id=cc9 headers=cc7># resistant (%)</TH></TR></THEAD><TFOOT><TR><TD class=fontSize85 colSpan=7><SUP>*</SUP> NA - not applicable</TD></TR></TFOOT><TBODY><TR><TH id=cr2 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H3N2)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc2">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr2 cc9">0</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr3 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>A (H1N1)</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc2">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr3 cc9">0</TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr4 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>B</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc2">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc8">NA <SUP>*</SUP></TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr4 cc9">NA <SUP>*</SUP></TD></TR><TR><TH id=cr5 class="alignLeft bg-colour-blue" headers=cr1>TOTAL</TH><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc2">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc3">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc5">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc6">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc8">0</TD><TD class=alignRight headers="cr5 cc9">0</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
Influenza-like Illness (ILI) Consultation Rate
The national influenza-like-illness (ILI) consultation rate was similar over the past seven weeks; and was 11.1/1,000 in week 35 and 13.9/1,000 in week 36 (Figure 7). The highest consultation rate was observed in adults ≥65 years of age (23.4/1,000 visits) in week 35 and in children 5-19 years of age in week 36 (38.7/1,000 visits).
Figure 7. Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, by report week, Canada, 2013-2014 compared to 1996/97 through to 2011/12 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
Note: No data available for mean rate in previous years for weeks 19 to 39 (1996-1997 through 2002-2003 seasons). Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
Text equivalent for figure 7Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates, Canada, by report week, 2011-2012 compared to 1996/97 through to 2010/11 seasons (with pandemic data suppressed)
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Severe Respiratory Illness Surveillance
Paediatric Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (IMPACT)
No laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated paediatric (≤16 years of age) hospitalizations have been reported in any of the 12 hospitals participating in the Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) network in weeks 35 or 36.
Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through IMPACT represents a subset of all influenza-associated paediatric hospitalizations in Canada. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
Adult Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (PCIRN)
Active surveillance of laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated adult (≥16 years of age) hospitalizations reported by the PHAC/CIHR Influenza Research Network (PCIRN) Serious Outcomes Surveillance (SOS) network concluded for the 2012-13 influenza season on April 30th, 2013. The PCIRN-SOS network continues to report limited data on laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza identified through passive surveillance at 15 out of 17 hospital sites, and active surveillance will start again on November 15th, 2013. No new hospitalizations, ICU admissions or deaths were reported in weeks 35 and 36.
Note: The number of hospitalizations reported through PCIRN represents a subset of all influenza-associated adult hospitalizations in Canada. Delays in the reporting of data may cause data to change retrospectively.
Provincial/Territorial Influenza Hospitalizations and Deaths (Aggregate Surveillance System<SUP>*</SUP>)
In the first two weeks of the 2013-14 season, two laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations were reported from five of the nine participating provinces and territories*. Both cases were adults 45-64 years of age with A(H1N1)pdm09, of which one was admitted to the ICU.
* Note: The number of new influenza-associated hospitalizations and deaths reported by the Aggregate Surveillance System each week may be overestimated, as it may include retrospective updates to data from Ontario for previous weeks. These data may also include cases reported by the IMPACT and PCIRN networks. Influenza-associated hospitalizations are not reported to PHAC by the following Provinces and Territory: BC, NU, QC, NS, and NB. Only hospitalizations that require intensive medical care are reported by Saskatchewan. ICU admissions are not reported in Ontario.
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International Influenza Update
Northern Hemisphere
Influenza activity in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere was at inter-seasonal levels in weeks 34 to 35. However, the US CDC reported an increase in influenza A detections in weeks 35 and 36.
World Health Organization influenza update
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention seasonal influenza report
EuroFlu weekly electronic bulletin
Tropical Regions
Asia & Africa: Influenza activity remained low in most countries in tropical Asia. Hong Kong, China Special Administrative Region, reported a switch from A(H1N1)pdm09 circulation to predominantly A(H3N2). Countries in Southeast Asia reported decreasing circulation of influenza A. Most countries in central Africa reported low or decreasing influenza activity, although C?te d'Ivoire and Ghana reported continued influenza circulation.
Carribean, Central America & tropical South America: Influenza activity in Caribbean and Central America continued to decrease, with influenza A(H3N2) and A(H1N1)pdm09 co-circulating in varying proportions in different countries. In tropical South America, influenza activity decreased in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela. Peru reported a sharp increase in A(H1N1)pdm09 circulation in weeks 29-32, but detections have been decreasing in weeks 33 and 34. In Bolivia, the proportion of SARI hospitalizations showed an increasing trend, primarily associated with A(H1N1)pdm09.
World Health Organization influenza update
PAHO Influenza Situation Report
Southern Hemisphere
Influenza activity continued to decline in countries in South America as well as in South Africa. Activity in Oceania has been increasing in recent weeks and may be reaching its plateau.
South America - Southern Cone: Influenza and RSV circulation declined in several countries in temperate South America, although RSV continued to be the predominant respiratory virus in the region. Influenza detections peaked at the end of June, with a predominance of A(H1N1)pdm09 in all countries except Paraguay, where A(H3N2) was predominant. In Argentina, laboratory detections seem to have peaked in week 27, and the number of ILI reports declined and was within the expected range in week 34. In Chile, the ILI activity rate in week 34 was similar to previous weeks; RSV and influenza detections declined from weeks 29-33 but rose slightly in week 34. In Paraguay, ILI activity increased in week 34 although influenza A(H3N2) and RSV detections have been declining in weeks 28-34. In Brazil, influenza detections have been declining since a peak in week 24, with A(H1N1)pdm09 and influenza B co-circulating.
South Africa: Circulation of A(H1N1)pdm09 was reported from April to July 2013, with a peak in laboratory detections in week 23. Influenza circulation in weeks 31-34 has shifted to a predominance of A(H3N2) and influenza B, observed among both ILI and SARI cases.
South Africa Influenza surveillance report
Australia & New Zealand: Compared to recent years, the start of the 2013 influenza season has been delayed in Australia and New Zealand. In New Zealand, consultation rates for ILI remained below the baseline level, and below the level of the previous two seasons. Laboratory detections of influenza increased in week 35 but declined in week 36. Among the 1183 influenza viruses identified between weeks 1 and 36, 47.2% were influenza B. Among the 405 subtyped influenza A viruses, 75.6% were A(H3N2). In Australia, the increase in influenza activity has slowed and activity remains lower than the previous 2 seasons. The ILI consultation rate increased in recent weeks, but declined in week 35; 25% of sentinel ILI specimens were positive for influenza between August 26 and September 1. The number of laboratory-confirmed influenza notifications continued to increase since early June. Among the 14,068 influenza viruses identified between 1 January and 30 August 2013, 65% were influenza A. Although the majority of influenza A have not been subtyped, to date approximately 15% have been A(H1N1)pdm09 in 2013 compared to <1% during the 2012 season. Most influenza B viruses characterized were from the Yamagata lineage.
New Zealand Public Health Surveillance
Australia Influenza Report
World Health Organization influenza update
PAHO Influenza Situation Report
WHO FluNet
Emerging Respiratory Pathogens
Human Avian Influenza
Influenza A(H7N9): No new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) have been reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) since 11 August 2013.
PHAC ? Avian influenza (H7N9)
WHO ? Avian influenza A(H7N9)
Human Swine Influenza
Influenza A(H3N2)v: One new case of human infection with variant influenza A(H3N2)v was reported from Michigan, USA, in week 35. No cases were reported in week 36. To date in 2013, a total of 18 A(H3N2)v cases have been reported, and one person has been hospitalized.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza A(H3N2) Variant Virus
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
Since 30 August 2013, WHO has reported ten additional cases of MERS-CoV infection: eight cases, including three deaths, in Saudi Arabia; one case in Qatar who subsequently died; and one case in Tunisia (reported on 22 May 2013 as a deceased probable case, now confirmed). Four of the cases in Saudi Arabia are family contacts of at least one confirmed case. Two are asymptomatic paediatric cases. The remaining two are adults with underlying medical conditions, and one has died. Two healthcare workers with severe pneumonia were reported from the same health care facility. One had no known exposure to animals, or to a confirmed MERS-CoV case, and has died. The second health care worker was reported to be in critical condition. As of 12 September, 2013, 114 laboratory-confirmed cases of human infection with MERS-CoV have been reported, including 54 deaths. Most patients are male (61%; 67 of 110 cases) and range in age from 14 months to 94 years (median 50 years, n=107).
PHAC ? Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
WHO ? Coronavirus infections
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